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Term	Definition
Embryo macropodial (= cotyledons absent)	Massive embryo that shows no obvious cotyledons. Cotyledons absent is the preferred term.
Embryo sac	The female gametophyte of angiosperms (flowering plants). Same as megagametophyte.
Embryotega	A small circular thickening near the seed scar on the seeds of some plants; e.g., Commelinaceae.
Emergent aquatic plant	A plant rooted under water but with the upper parts emerging above the surface.
Emergent tree	A species of tree in which adult individuals exceed the more or less continuous canopy layer of a forest.
Emergent tree layer	A hypotherical layer in tropical forests made up of species of the tallest trees with crown emerging above the canopy tree layer.
Emergente	Árbol del bosque cuya copa sobresale del dosel superior. Este término también se aplica a las plantas acuáticas cuyas partes y órganos emergen sobre la superficie del agua.
Empheral	A temperate zone plant that sends out leaves and photosynthesizes in the spring before the leaves of the trees appear. During this time the plant produces and stores enough carbohydrate to allow it to flower the following spring. Not long after flowering, the plant wilts and remains inconspicuous until the next spring.
Enantiostylous	Referring to different flowers on the same plant, some with styles protruding to the right and others to the left of the main axis; i.e., to opposite sides of the axis.
Enation	A projection or outgrowth from the surface of an organ.
Enclosed bud	A bud that is either completed surrounded by the calyx or that has a pore-like or slit-like opening at early developmental stages.
Endemic	Native to and restricted to a given geographic region or to a given soil type or other habitat.
Endoaperture	The internal part of the opening into a pollen grain. Compare with ectoaperture.
Endocarp	The innermost layer of the fruit wall. Compare with pericarp.
Endocarp buttress	A raised, somewhat rounded ridge running the length of the endocarp in the fruits of species of Grias.
Endophyte	A plant living partially or entirely within another plant.
Endosperm	The energy-rich food supply of the seed that is formed by the fusion of the sperm and polar nuclei of the female gametophyte, initially surrounds the embryo, and is often apparent in the seed; some seeds, however, do not have any apparent endosperm.
Endosperm	The energy-rich food supply of the seed that is formed by the fusion of the sperm and polar nuclei of the female gametophyte, initially surrounds the embryo, and is often apparent in the seed; some seeds, however, do not have any apparent endosperm.
Endosperma celular	Tipo de desarrollo del endosperma en el que las paredes celulares se desarrollan comenzando con la primera división celular.
Endosperma helobial	Tipo de endosperma en el que dos células desiguales se desarrollan de manera distinta. La célula más grande se desarrolla de manera no celular (ver endosperma nuclear), y la célula más pequeña se desarrolla de varias maneras.
Endosperma ruminado	Testa o cubierta de la semilla que se encuentra invaginada hacia el interior del endosperma. Por ejemplo, en muchas especies de Annonaceae, Myristicaceae, y Arecaceae.
Endozoochorous	A type of seed dispersal in which the diaspore is ingested and passes unharmed through the digestive tract of an animal.
Ensiform	Sword-shaped.
Entire	Referring to a margin of a leaf, sepal, or petal that is not interrupted by teeth or lobes.
Eófilo	Es la primera hoja verdadera que produce una plántula; la primera hoja que aparece después de el o los cotiledones
Eophyll	The first true leaf of a seedling; i.e., the first leaf to appear after the cotyledon(s).
Eophyll	The first leaves of a seedling, other than cotyledons, which may or may not be similar to adult leaves in form and position.
Ephemeral	Lasting a short time; for example, a spring emphemeral in temperate regions that flowers and sets fruits before the canopy trees leaf out or a tree such as species of Tabebuia that flower for only a few days, thus the flowers are ephemeral. Same as evanescent.
Epi-	A prefix meaning “upon.”
Epicalyx	A whorl of bracts on the pedicel, similar to sepals, and inserted below the calyx; most commonly found in species of Malvaceae..
Epicarp	Same as exocarp.
Epichile	In the Orchidaceae, the apical portion of a complex lip.
Epicortical roots	In some Eremolepidaceae and Loranthaceae, roots that develop from the cortex of the stem to form secondary points of attachment to the host.
Epicotyl	That part of the main axis of an embryo or the young stem of a seedling located above the point of attachment of the cotyledons. The epicotyl gives rise to the leaves, the first of which are called eophylls.
Epicotyl	That part of the main axis of an embryo or the young stem of a seedling located above the point of attachment of the cotyledons. The epicotyl gives rise to the leaves, the first of which are called eophylls.
Epidermal cells	Referring to the outermost cells of the adaxial and abaxial leaf blade surfaces which are covered by cuticle. Subsidiary cells surround the stomates and are distinguished from normal epidermal cells in their size, shape, or orientation. A stomatal type in which the cells surrounding the guard cells are not differentiated from the epidermal cells is called the anomocytic type.
Epidermal cells	Referring to the outermost cells of the adaxial and abaxial leaf blade surfaces which are covered by cuticle. Subsidiary cells surround the stomates and are distinguished from normal epidermal cells in their size, shape, or orientation. A stomatal type in which the cells surrounding the guard cells are not differentiated from the epidermal cells is called the anomocytic type.
Epidermis	The outer layer of cells of a plant.
Epífita	Se aplica a una planta que crece sobre otra planta durante todo su ciclo de vida, sin parasitarla. Las epífitas poseen raíces aéreas y utilizan a la planta hospedera sólo para obtener un soporte donde desarrollarse, sin tomar agua ni alimento del hospedero (e.g. Tillandsia [Bromeliaceae], Oncidium [Orchidaceae]).
Epigeal germination	Referring to a type of seed germination in which the cotyledons are held at or above the ground. Compare with hypogeal.
Epigeous	Referring to the above-ground parts of a plant.
Epigynous ovary	Referring to a flower in which all or some of the floral parts (i.e., the sepals, petals, and stamens) arise from the summit of the ovary; e.g., species of Asteraceae and Rubiaceae.
Epilithic	Growing on rocks. Same as epipetric.
Epilítica	Se refiere a una planta que crece sobre rocas. Igual a litófita
Epipeltate anther	An anther with the filament attached above the base and with the part of the anther that is prolonged downward facing toward the center of the flower; e.g., in the Dracaenaceae.
Epipétala, epipétalo	Se refiere a estructuras, usualmente estambres, que están insertos de manera opuesta o de frente a los pétalos
Epipetric	Growing on rocks. Same as epilithic
Epiphyllous inflorescence	Inflorescences from the adaxial surfaces of the petiole (e.g., Dichapetalaceae) or the blade (e.g., Phllonomaceae).
Epiphyte	Referring to a plant that grows on another plant for its entire life cycle. An epiphyte often possesses aerial roots, uses the host plant only for support, and does not obtain food or water from the host, e.g., Tillandsia and many other bromeliads, the majority of the species of Araceae in tropical forests, and most of the orchids in tropical forests.
Episépala, episépalo	Se refiere a estructuras, usualmente estambres, que están insertos de manera opuesta o de frente a los sépalos
Epitropous	Referring to a type of anatropous ovule in which the raphe is next to the placenta when the ovule is pendulous or away from the placenta when the ovule is ascending.
Epizoochorous	A type of seed dispersal in which the diaspore sticks to the skin, feathers, or fur of animals by barbs, hooks, or a viscid glue-like substance. Those that stick to dispersal agents by barbs or hooks are also called sticktights.
Equator	In a pollen grain, the area midway between the poles.
Equisitoid	Referring to a plants that resemble Equisetum (horsetails).
Equitant	Usually applied to distichous leaves with overlapping leaf blades that are flattened stem axis axis; often appearing fan-shaped; e.g.; in many Iridaceae and some Orchidaceae.
Ericoid	Like some members of the Ericaceae in some feature; e.g., the small leaves without typical melastome venation in some species of Melastomataceae.
Erosa, eroso	Se refiere a las márgenes con dientes irregulares, como si hubiesen sido mordidas. Comparar con serrado.
Erose (diminutive = erosulose)	Referring to margins that are jagged, i.e., uneven but not with well-defined teeth.
Erostrate	Without a beak.
Escamas peltadas	Se refiere a una escama que está unida a una superficie por su lado abaxial y no por el margen o base; por ejemplo, la superficie abaxial de las hojas de Dendrogangia boliviana tienen escamas peltadas
Espádice	Una espiga densa, que posee abundantes y muy pequeñas flores sésiles y que está subtendida o rodeada por una espata; por ejemplo, las inflorescencias de las Araceae
Espata	Una conspicua bráctea que subtiende o que rodea al espádice; por ejemplo en las Araceae y Arecaceae.
Espiga	Una inflorescencia indeterminada, de eje simple, no ramificada, que porta flores sésiles y cuyas flores más jovenes están hacia la porción distal. Comparar con racimo
Espina	Proyección angosta o linear, puntiaguda y leñosa, que posee tejido vascular. Comparar con aguijón, acúleo
Espiral	Se aplica a las hojas alternas que están dispuestas de manera espiralada a lo largo de una rama. Comparar con dística
Espuela nectaria	Es una proyección del cáliz, más o menos tubular, cuya función es producir y almacenar néctar como recompensa para los polinizadores; en muchas Orchidaceae las espuelas nectarias son proyecciones tubulares huecas al interior, que salen de la base del labio.
Estambre	Es la parte masculina de la flor, está constituído por el filamento y la antera. En las Lecythidaceae los estambres se encuentran unidos al tubo estaminal en aquellos géneros que tienen flores actinomorfas (Allantoma, Cariniana, Grias y Gustavia) y, hasta lo que se conoce, los estambres se encuentran unidos al anillo estaminal en las especies que tienen flores zigomorfas.
Estambre rudimentario	Un apéndice derivado directamente de un estaminodio e indirectamente de un estambre desprovisto de antera o de un estambre con antera reducida y no funcional en comparación con las anteras fértiles de los estambres normales que están en el anillo estaminal o en las anteras de los estaminodios que producen polen
Estambre rudimentario productor de néctar	En las Lecythidaceae Neotropicales que producen néctar, estos son los apéndices más internos que están dispuestos hacia el ápice de la capucha (del androceo) enrollada, al interior de una flor zigomorfa
Estambres	Parte masculina de una flor, compuesta por filamento y antera.
Estambres diadelfos	Ver diadelfa.
Estambres heteromórficos	Estambres de dos diferentes tipos; un tipo que usualmente tiene polen fértil y otro tipo que tiene polen estéril. Por ejemplo, Lecythis zabucajo (Lecythidaceae) y algunas especies de Senna (Fabaceae).
Estambres urticáceos	Estambres que se desarrollan hacia el exterior de la corola para liberar el polen en la antesis; típico de las flores de las Urticaceae y algunas familias relacionadas.
Estambres vestigiales	Un apéndice, al parecer directamente derivado de un estaminodio e indirectamente de un estambre que ha perdido la antera o que posee una antera pequeña y marchita en comparación con las anteras fértiles de los estambres normales del anillo estaminal o de las anteras productoras de polen de los estaminodios.
Estambres vestigiales externos	Se refiere a una capucha curvada hacia el interior que posee estambres vestigiales solamente en el lado externo. Presente en las Lecythidaceae.

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