Taxon Details: Gustavia crassifolia sp. nov. ined.
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Family:
Lecythidaceae (Magnoliophyta)
Lecythidaceae (Magnoliophyta)
Scientific Name:
Gustavia crassifolia sp. nov. ined.
Gustavia crassifolia sp. nov. ined.
Description:
Author: Scott A. Mori
Type: Colombia. Chocó: 12 km on road from Quibdó from Tutunendó (spelled incorrectly on label), 18 Apr 1982 (immature fr), Prance & Renteria 27968 (holotype, NY barcode 00810255; isotype, NY barcode 00810255).
Description: Pachycaul, understory trees to 6-12 m tall. Bark unknown. Stems thick, 12-15 mm diam. Leaves present at anthesis, aggregated at ends of branches; petioles hemispherical in cross section, 60-90 mm long x 5 mm diam., glabrous: blades narrowly obovate to oblanceolate, ca. 60 x 16-17 cm wide, coriaceous, without punctations, glabrous, the base long cuneate to obtuse, the margins entire, the apex damaged in available specimens; venation mostly eucamptodromous, a few secondaries brochidodromous near apex, the midrib salient on both surfaces, adaxially somewhat carinate, abaxially rounded, the secondary veins decurrent, ca. 20-28 mm apart in middle of blade, adaxially prominoulous, abaxially salient, the intersecondary veins short, extending less than half way to margin, not present between all secondaries, the tertiary veins percurrent, the higher order venation reticulate, the venules often free-ending. Inflorescences terminal, racemose, the rachis ca. 15 mm diam., the rachis 4-8 cm long x ca. 15 mm diam., nearly as thick as stem below inflorescence, densely covered with bract scars; pedicels 7-8 cm long x 6-7 mm diam. in immature fruits, the bract not seen, the bracteoles not seen but scars inserted well above middle and sometimes just below hypanthium. Flowers very large, not seen fresh but flattened flower on herbarium sheet (Zarucchi et al. 6639) 24 cm diam.; hypanthium densely ferruginous pubescent, costae very poorly developed; calyx with 6 lobes, but fresh flowers needed to confirm this, the lobes very broadly ovate, ca. 10 x 20 mm, fused at base to form calycine rim to 5 mm wide; petals 6, obovate to narrowly obovate, white (fide Zarucchi et al. 6639); androecium with staminal tube ca. 14 mm high, yellow (fide Zarucchi et al. 6639), the outermost filaments ca. 20 mm long, markedly constricted at apex, the anthers 3.5 mm long; ovary summit truncate, pubescent, the style obconical. Fruits only known immature, the opercular area nearly as wide as fruit diam.
Common names: None recorded.
Distribution: This rare species has only been collected along the Pacific coast of Colombia in the Departments of Antioquia and Chocó.
Ecology: Understory trees said to grow in primary forests (Prance & Renteria 27968) and along streams (Zarucchi et al. 6639). The collection from Antioquia was collected at 780 m.
Phenology: The Chocó collection was gathered in immature fruit in April and the Antioquia collection was found in flower in May.
Pollination: No observations recorded but the poricidal anthers and reports of pollination of other species of the genus suggest that buzz-pollinating bees are pollinators.
Dispersal: No observations recorded. Mature fruits and seeds are not known so it is difficult to suggest what are the dispersal agents.
Predation: No observations recorded.
Field characters: This species is characterized by its understory habit; long, distinct petioles; coriaceous, glabrous leaf blades; eucamptodromous venation for most of the leaf blade length; suprafoliar, robust inforescences; and immature fruits with long pedicels; and fruits, at least in early development, with the opercular area nearly as wide as the diameter of the fruit.
Taxonomic notes: The collection from Antioquia (Zarucchi et lal. 6639) differs from the collection from near Quibdó in the Chocó (Prance & Renteria 27968) by the more acute to obtuse versus cuneate leaf blade bases and the chartaceous versus coriaceous leaf blades, both of which are features that often vary among populations of the same species of Gustavia. Collection Ortiz et al. 5 is morphologically similar to G. crassifolia in the terminal inflorescence and distinct petioles but differs in the brochidodromous versus eucamptodromous leaf venation throughout the length and by the secondary veins less widely spaced from the middle to the apex of the blade (13-20 versus 20-28 mm apart). Data from this collection has not been included in the species description and is tentatively identified as Gustavia aff. crassifolia. Thus, inclusion of this species in the list of Ecuadorean species is based on an identification that may change based on the information provided by additional collections.
Uses: None recorded.
Etymology: The species epithet alludes to the coriaceous leaf blades of the population found in the vicinity of Quibdó, Colombia.
Conservation: This species has not been classified according to the IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. I recommend that it be considered as Endangered B1+2c according to ver 2.3 of the IUCN red list.
Source: An original contribution by S. A. Mori.
Author: Scott A. Mori
Type: Colombia. Chocó: 12 km on road from Quibdó from Tutunendó (spelled incorrectly on label), 18 Apr 1982 (immature fr), Prance & Renteria 27968 (holotype, NY barcode 00810255; isotype, NY barcode 00810255).
Description: Pachycaul, understory trees to 6-12 m tall. Bark unknown. Stems thick, 12-15 mm diam. Leaves present at anthesis, aggregated at ends of branches; petioles hemispherical in cross section, 60-90 mm long x 5 mm diam., glabrous: blades narrowly obovate to oblanceolate, ca. 60 x 16-17 cm wide, coriaceous, without punctations, glabrous, the base long cuneate to obtuse, the margins entire, the apex damaged in available specimens; venation mostly eucamptodromous, a few secondaries brochidodromous near apex, the midrib salient on both surfaces, adaxially somewhat carinate, abaxially rounded, the secondary veins decurrent, ca. 20-28 mm apart in middle of blade, adaxially prominoulous, abaxially salient, the intersecondary veins short, extending less than half way to margin, not present between all secondaries, the tertiary veins percurrent, the higher order venation reticulate, the venules often free-ending. Inflorescences terminal, racemose, the rachis ca. 15 mm diam., the rachis 4-8 cm long x ca. 15 mm diam., nearly as thick as stem below inflorescence, densely covered with bract scars; pedicels 7-8 cm long x 6-7 mm diam. in immature fruits, the bract not seen, the bracteoles not seen but scars inserted well above middle and sometimes just below hypanthium. Flowers very large, not seen fresh but flattened flower on herbarium sheet (Zarucchi et al. 6639) 24 cm diam.; hypanthium densely ferruginous pubescent, costae very poorly developed; calyx with 6 lobes, but fresh flowers needed to confirm this, the lobes very broadly ovate, ca. 10 x 20 mm, fused at base to form calycine rim to 5 mm wide; petals 6, obovate to narrowly obovate, white (fide Zarucchi et al. 6639); androecium with staminal tube ca. 14 mm high, yellow (fide Zarucchi et al. 6639), the outermost filaments ca. 20 mm long, markedly constricted at apex, the anthers 3.5 mm long; ovary summit truncate, pubescent, the style obconical. Fruits only known immature, the opercular area nearly as wide as fruit diam.
Common names: None recorded.
Distribution: This rare species has only been collected along the Pacific coast of Colombia in the Departments of Antioquia and Chocó.
Ecology: Understory trees said to grow in primary forests (Prance & Renteria 27968) and along streams (Zarucchi et al. 6639). The collection from Antioquia was collected at 780 m.
Phenology: The Chocó collection was gathered in immature fruit in April and the Antioquia collection was found in flower in May.
Pollination: No observations recorded but the poricidal anthers and reports of pollination of other species of the genus suggest that buzz-pollinating bees are pollinators.
Dispersal: No observations recorded. Mature fruits and seeds are not known so it is difficult to suggest what are the dispersal agents.
Predation: No observations recorded.
Field characters: This species is characterized by its understory habit; long, distinct petioles; coriaceous, glabrous leaf blades; eucamptodromous venation for most of the leaf blade length; suprafoliar, robust inforescences; and immature fruits with long pedicels; and fruits, at least in early development, with the opercular area nearly as wide as the diameter of the fruit.
Taxonomic notes: The collection from Antioquia (Zarucchi et lal. 6639) differs from the collection from near Quibdó in the Chocó (Prance & Renteria 27968) by the more acute to obtuse versus cuneate leaf blade bases and the chartaceous versus coriaceous leaf blades, both of which are features that often vary among populations of the same species of Gustavia. Collection Ortiz et al. 5 is morphologically similar to G. crassifolia in the terminal inflorescence and distinct petioles but differs in the brochidodromous versus eucamptodromous leaf venation throughout the length and by the secondary veins less widely spaced from the middle to the apex of the blade (13-20 versus 20-28 mm apart). Data from this collection has not been included in the species description and is tentatively identified as Gustavia aff. crassifolia. Thus, inclusion of this species in the list of Ecuadorean species is based on an identification that may change based on the information provided by additional collections.
Uses: None recorded.
Etymology: The species epithet alludes to the coriaceous leaf blades of the population found in the vicinity of Quibdó, Colombia.
Conservation: This species has not been classified according to the IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. I recommend that it be considered as Endangered B1+2c according to ver 2.3 of the IUCN red list.
Source: An original contribution by S. A. Mori.