|
Superposed
|
One structure placed over another. |
|
|
Supervolute
|
Referring to a type of leaf vernation in which the blade margins are unequally inrolled adaxially such that one of the margins overlaps the other. Compare with involute. |
|
|
Supra adjacent secondary vein
|
Referring to the relationship of two secondary veins, in this case referring to a secondary vein that is above another (i.e., in a apical or distal position in relationship to the other). |
|
|
Supracalycine zone
|
The area between the calycine ring and the line of opercular dehiscence in a dehiscent-fruited Lecythidaceae. |
|
|
Supracalycine zone erect
|
The supracalycine zone goes straight up from the calycine ring to the opercular rim. |
|
|
Supracalycine zone tapered
|
The supracalycine zone of the fruit tapers to the opercular rim. |
|
|
Suprafoliar
|
Referring to a structure that arises above the leaves |
|
|
Suprafoliar inflorescence
|
Referring to an inflorescences that arises from above the leaves. |
|
|
Suprafoliar inflorescence
|
Referring to an inflorescences that arises from above the leaves. |
|
|
Suprafolilar
|
Referring to a structure that occurs above the leaves |
|
|
Supraxillary
|
Arising from above the axial. |
|
|
Suture
|
A line of fusion (e.g., the valves of the carpels of an ovary) or a line of dehiscence (e.g., the lines along which anthers or fruits open). |
|
|
Syconium (plural = syconia)
|
A hollow, fruitlike receptacle lined by tiny achenes, the characteristic inflorescence of figs (Ficus spp., Moraceae). Also called figs. |
|
|
Symbiosis (symbiotic)
|
Referring to two organisms that live together in what can be beneficial to both organisms (mutualism) or beneficial to one and harmful to the other (e.g., parasitism). |
|
|
Symbiotic
|
Referring to two different organisms living together in close association and benefiting from that association; e.g., mycorhizzal associations between fungi and plants are symbiotic as well as are ants living in the domatia of Tococa guianensis. |
|
|
Symmetric
|
Referring to a structure that can be divided into mirror-image halves. This and its associated terms are usually, but not exclusively, applied to flowers. Opposite of asymmetric; compare with actinomorphic and zygomorphic. |
|
|
Symmetric flower
|
Same as actinomorphic flower. |
|
|
Sympatric
|
Referring to species that have overlapping geographic ranges. |
|
|
Sympetalous corolla
|
Having petals united for at least part of their length. Same as gamopetalous; opposite of polypetalous and choripetalous. |
|
|
Sympodial growth
|
Referring to a branching pattern in which the terminal bud ceases to grow and growth is continued from a lateral bud; e.g., in most arborescent Combretaceae and some orchids. Sympodial growth often gives a zig-zag appearence to the stem or branches. |
|
|
Synandrium (plural = synandria)
|
The structure resulting from the cohesion of the anthers of separate male flowers in some Araceae; an androecium with united filaments; e.g., Campanulaceae. |
|
|
Synandroidium (plural = synandroidia)
|
A structure formed by the coherence of staminodes of separate flowers in some Araceae. |
|
|
Synandry (synandrous)
|
Having united anthers. |
|
|
Synapomorphic
|
Referring to a derived feature shared by two or more taxa which is evidence of common ancestry. |
|
|
Syncarp
|
A type of multiple fruit resulting from the fusion of numerous ovaries. |
|
|
Syncephalous
|
Referring to an inflorescence of fused capitula. |
|
|
Synflorescence
|
A number of separate inflorescences clustered such that they appear as a single inflorescence; e.g., in Monotagma spp. (Marantaceae). |
|
|
Syngynesious anthers
|
Anthers cohering in a ring; e.g., in the Asteraceae. |
|
|
Synonym (adj. = synonymous)
|
A plant name that represents the same species of another name that is valid, e.g., Lecythis minor Jacq. was published in 1763 and subsequently Lecythis elliptica Kunth was published in 1825. By the law of priority, Lecythis elliptica is a synonym of Lecythis minor. |
|
|
Synsepalous calyx
|
Having sepals united for at least part of their length. Same as gamosepalous. |
|
|
Syntype
|
Any of two or more specimens cited in a species description in which a holotype type was not designated. |
|
|
Synzoochorous
|
A type of dispersal in which the diaspore is not ingested but is deliberately carried away from the parent plant by animals, mostly in their mouths, to eat in another place. Includes stomatochorous and dysozoochorous dispersal. |
|
|
Systematics
|
The study of diversification of life on earth, both past and present, and the relationships of living things through time, i.e., their evolutionary relationships. Some authors equate systematics and taxonomy where others distinguish the two by limiting systematics to the study of evolutionary relationships and taxonomy to the discovery and description of taxa. |
|
|
Systematist
|
A scientist who studies systematics. |
|
|
T-shaped
|
Referring to a trichome attached in the middle to a stalk. |
|
|
Tack-shaped
|
The form of an operculum that possesses a woody extension from the middle of its interior. The opeculum and its extension appear like a large tack. |
|
|
Tahuampa
|
A Spanish term referring to forest growing in areas periodically indundated by alkaline, café au lait-colored water (also called white water). |
|
|
Taiga
|
Referring to the coniferous forests extending across much of subarctic North America and Eurasia; also know as boreal forests. |
|
|
Tanniferous
|
Containing or yielding tannin. |
|
|
Tannin
|
General term for a heterogeneous group of secondary, water-soluble plant compounds derived from phenols that often give a dark appearance to the cells in which they are found. |
|
|
Taproot
|
A large primary root, markedly larger than other roots arising from it, that may persist in adult plants and is characteristic of dicots. Compare with fibrous roots. |
|
|
Taxon (plural = taxa)
|
A taxonomic unit regardless of rank, such as family, genus, or species. |
|
|
Taxonomist
|
A scientist who studies taxonomy. |
|
|
Taxonomy
|
The sudy and description of variation of organisms and the subsequent classification and naming of that variation. Some authors equate systematics and taxonomy whereas others distinguish the two by limiting systematics to the study of evolutionary relationships and taxonomy to the discovery and description of taxa. |
|
|
Teca
|
Es la cámara de una antera en la que se produce el polen |
|
|
Tendril
|
Coiled or spring-like extensions of a stem, stipules, leaves, part of a leaf, inflorescence that assist in climbing into shrubs and trees. Common iin Bignoniaceae, Cucurbitaceae, Passifloraceae, Sapindaceae, Vitaceae, and other plant families. |
|
|
Tendril at right angle
|
Referring to a tendrial that arises at a right angle to the leaf, e.g., species of Cucurbitaceae. |
|
|
Tendril axillary
|
A tendril that arise in the axil of a leaf blade, e.g., species of Passiflora. |
|
|
Tendril leaf opposed
|
A tendril that arises opposite the insertion of a leaf; for example, Parthenocissus quinquefolia and many othe species of Vitaceae. |
|
|
Tendrillate
|
Bearing tendrils or tendril-like structures. |
|