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Term Definition
Ovules Structures that arise from placentae in the ovary locules. Among other cells, the egg and two polar nuclei are found in the ovule. After fertilization, the egg develops into an embryo and the polar nuclei develop into endosperm which, along with the seed coat, form the seed.. Ovules
Ovules anatropous Referring to a curved downwardly oriented ovule in such a way that the micropyle is close to the funicular attachment. Ovules anatropous
Ovules bitegmic An ovule with two integuments. Ovules bitegmic
Ovules horizontally oriented Ovules projecting outward at right angles from the vertical axis of the ovary. Ovules horizontally oriented
Ovules obliquely oriented downward — Ovules obliquely oriented downward
Ovules obliquely oriented upward Ovules projecting upward at less than right angles from the vertical axis of the ovary. Ovules obliquely oriented upward
Ovules pendulous Ovules that hang downward from the septum at apex of the locule with the micropyle facing upward. Ovules pendulous
Ovules tenuinucellate The presence of no cells or a single cell layer between the megasporophyte and the epidermal cells in the early development of the megasporophyte. Ovules tenuinucellate
Ovules tenuinucellate The presence of no cells or a single cell layer between the megasporophyte and the epidermal cells in the early development of the megasporophyte. The megasporophyte develops into the embryo sac which contains an egg that, if fertilized and the conditions are right, will develop into an embryo. Ovules tenuinucellate
Óvulo Estructura que después de la fertilización se transforma en la semilla. En las angiospermas, el óvulo tiene un saco embrionario que contiene a la célula-huevo y está encerrado dentro de el(los) lóculo(s) del ovario
Oxidation The process of using oxygen to break down glucose to obtain energy. This results in the production of carbon dioxide and water as by products. Carbon dioxide and water are also released when forests are burned resulting in the release of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere. Oxidation
Pachycaul A type of growth form in which the tree is unbranched (monocaulis) or sparsely branched, the stems are thick, and the leaves very large. Pachycaul
Pachycaul A type of growth form in which the tree is unbranched (monocaulis) or sparsely branched, the stems are thick, and the leaves very large. Pachycaul
Pachycaulous Referring to a growth form in which the branching is sparse and the higher-order branches and stems are not markedly diminished in thickness. Compare with leptocaulous. Pachycaulous
Pachytesta A seed coat formed mostly by the extended chalaza and not by the integument(s); note that the integument(s) can be reduced or developed in species with a pachytesta.
Palate In the Lentibulariaceae and Scrophulariaceae, the space at the throat and limb of the corolla used by pollinating insects as a landing platform.
Pale A bract found in the head of Asteraceae.
Palea The upper of the two bracts that enclose the floret in the Poaceae. Compare with lemma. Palea
Paleate (paleaceous) Possessing pales.
Paleoherbs A hypothesized clade of flowering plants including the Aristolochiales, monocots, Nymphaeales, and Piperales.
Paleotropics Referring to that part of the earth in the Old World between the Tropic of Cancer at 23 degrees 27 minutes N and the Tropic of Capricorn at 23 degress 27 minutes S. These are the northern and southern latitudes at which the sun can be directly overhead at some time during the year.
Palinactinodromous Referring to a type of leaf venation in which the primaries have one or more subsidiary points of radiation above the lowest point. Palinactinodromous
Palisade mesophyll Referring to one or more layers of cells located directly under the epidermal cells of the adaxial leaf blade surface. The palisade mesophyll is oriented vertically and is longer than broad. Photosynthesis takes place in both palisade and spongy mesophyll. Palisade mesophyll
Pallid Pale in color.
Palmate Referring to leaf venation in which the main veins of the blade radiate from a common point near the base or to compound leaves in which all leaflets radiate from a common point. See digitate. palmately lobed, palmatilobate, Palmate
Palmately veined Referring to leaf venation in which the main veins of the blade radiate from a common point near the base. Palmately veined
Palmatinervia Se refiere a la disposición radial de los nervios que nacen desde un punto común en la base de una hoja Palmatinervia
Palmatisect Digitately divided; arranged like the fingers of a human hand.
Pampas A Spanish term referring to grass-dominated plains, especially those found in eastern Argentina.
pandurate Fiddle-shaped.
Panicle A compound raceme in which the primary branches are racemose, which, in turn, give rise to secondary and sometimes higher order racemose branches. Panicle
Pantanal A tropical wetland and the world's largest wetland of any kind. It lies mostly within the Brazilian state of Mato Grosso do Sul but extends into Mato Grosso as well as into parts of Bolivia and Paraguay
Papilionaceous corolla The zygomorphic corolla of most species of papilionoid legumes. Papilionaceous corolla
Papilionoid Referring to flowers similar to those of Fabaceae subfamily Papilionoideae; e.g., those of the Polygalaceae.
Papilla (plural = papillae, adj. = papillate) Small projections that are often found on leaf blade surfaces. Papillae usually represent modifications of the cuticle. Papilla (plural = papillae, adj. = papillate)
Papilla (plural = papillae; adj. = papillate) Referring to an abaxial leaf blade surface or a stigma that bears minute protuberances that appear to be outgrowths of the cuticle of the leaf blade or of the stigma. Papilla (plural = papillae; adj. = papillate)
Papillae Minute, rounded protuberances that may cover a surface, e.g., the abaxial leaf blade surfaceae. Papillae
Papirácea, papiráceo Con textura de papel. Equivalente a foliácea.
Papo, pappus Un cáliz modificado, con pelos, escamas o espinas, característico de muchas Asteraceae. Sinónimo de vilano.
Pappus A modified calyx of hairs, scales, or bristles typical of many Asteraceae. Pappus
Papyraceous Papery.
Paquicaule Forma de crecimiento en la que el árbol no posee ramificaciones (monocaule) o es apenas ramificado, los tallos son gruesos y las hojas son muy grandes
Paracytic stomata Referring to a stomatal type in which the two subsidiary cells are parallel to the long axis of the guard cells. The brachyparacytic type is the same as the paracytic type. Paracytic stomata
Paracytic stomata Referring to a stomatal type in which the two subsidiary cells are parallel to the long axis of the guard cells. The brachyparacytic type is the same as the paracytic type. Paracytic stomata
Parallel venation Generally applied to secondary or higher-order veins that are parallel to each other and to the margins of the leaf, sepal, or petal in which they occur but in monocots they are often numerous primary veins of the same size. Parallel venation
Parallelodromous Referring to a leaf venation in which there are multiple parallel primary veins that originate at the leaf blade base and converge toward the leaf blade apex. Mostly restricted to monocotyledons. See Ellis et al. 2009 for more detailed descriptions of leaf characters. Parallelodromous
Páramo A Spanish term referring to a high-elevation, humid, Andean vegetation ranging from Venezuela to northern Peru.
Paraphyletic A taxonomic group encompassing some but not all of the descendants of its most recent common ancestor. Paraphyletic
Parásita Se dice de un organismo que obtiene los nutrientes de un hospedante; por ejemplo, Helosis cayennensis (Balanophoraceae)
Parasite (parasitic) An organism that obtains its nutrition entirely (e.g., Helosis cayennensis) or partly (e.g., Loranthaceae) from other plants. Parasite (parasitic)