Common Abbreviations: Difference between revisions

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Abbreviations, symbols, and latin words commonly encountered on herbarium sheets, annotation labels, and botanical literature. Whole latin words (but not their abreviations) are show in ''italics''. 
Abbreviations, symbols, and Latin words commonly encountered on herbarium sheets, annotation labels, and botanical literature. Whole Latin words (but not their abreviations) are show in ''italics''. 




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'''aff.''': ''affinis'' (''affine''), akin to, related to; signifies a degree of uncertainty, or the opinion that a potentially new and undescribed species has affinities with a known species
'''aff.''': ''affinis'' (''affine''), akin to, related to; signifies a degree of uncertainty, or the opinion that a potentially new and undescribed species has affinities with a known species


'''appr.''': ''approbavit'', he/she confirmed
'''appr.''': ''approbavit'', he/she/they confirmed


'''cf.''': ''confer'', compare; signifies a degree of uncertainty
'''cf.''': ''confer'', compare; signifies a degree of uncertainty


'''coll.''': ''collegit'', he/she gathered; also an abbreviation for 'collector'
'''coll.''': ''collegit'', he/she/they gathered; also an abbreviation for 'collector'


'''conf.''': ''confirmavit'', he/she confirmed
'''conf.''': ''confirmavit'', he/she/they confirmed


'''det.''': ''determinavit'', he/she has determined, followed by a person’s name and date in the annotation of a specimen
'''det.''': ''determinavit'', he/she/they has determined, followed by a person’s name and date in the annotation of a specimen


'''''ex''''': from, out of
'''''ex''''': from, out of
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'''ined.''': ''ineditus'', unpublished
'''ined.''': ''ineditus'', unpublished


'''leg.''': ''legit'', he/she has gathered
'''leg.''': ''legit'', he/she/they has gathered


'''''misit''''': he/she sent; often indicates who sent a duplicate to a botanist/herbarium
'''''misit''''': he/she/they sent; often indicates who sent a duplicate to a botanist/herbarium


'''n.v.''': ''non vidi'', I have not seen; or ''non visus'', not seen
'''n.v.''': ''non vidi'', I have not seen; or ''non visus'', not seen
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'''nom. illeg.''': ''nomen illegitimum'', illegitimate name
'''nom. illeg.''': ''nomen illegitimum'', illegitimate name


'''nom. nud.''': ''nomen nudum'', naked name without a validating description or diagnonsis, or reference to such
'''nom. nud.''': ''nomen nudum'', naked name without a validating description or diagnosis, or reference to such


'''p.p.''': ''pro parte'', in part
'''p.p.''': ''pro parte'', in part
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'''var.''': ''varietas'', variety
'''var.''': ''varietas'', variety


'''''vel''''': or; usually seen after a species name as "vel aff." meaning this species or somthing similar
'''''vel''''': or; usually seen after a species name as "vel aff." meaning this species or something similar
 
'''7bre:''' September
 
'''8bre''': October
 
'''9bre:''' November
 
'''Xbre: '''December; also written as 10bre

Latest revision as of 16:55, 22 May 2023

Abbreviations, symbols, and Latin words commonly encountered on herbarium sheets, annotation labels, and botanical literature. Whole Latin words (but not their abreviations) are show in italics


! : specimen has been seen by the author (literature); determiner agrees with/confirms a previous identification (specimen)

: signifies a degree of uncertainty in the identification

= : in literature it denotes a heterotypic (taxonomic) synonym; on a specimen it usually denotes the currently accepted name

 : homotypic (nomenclatural) synonym

aff.: affinis (affine), akin to, related to; signifies a degree of uncertainty, or the opinion that a potentially new and undescribed species has affinities with a known species

appr.: approbavit, he/she/they confirmed

cf.: confer, compare; signifies a degree of uncertainty

coll.: collegit, he/she/they gathered; also an abbreviation for 'collector'

conf.: confirmavit, he/she/they confirmed

det.: determinavit, he/she/they has determined, followed by a person’s name and date in the annotation of a specimen

ex: from, out of

f.: forma, form; or filius, son; also figura, figure

fide: by the faith, by the assurance of, according to

fig.: figura, figure

fo.: forma, form

holo., HT: holotypus, holotype

hort.: hortorum, of gardens

ib., ibid.: ibidem, in the same place

ined.: ineditus, unpublished

leg.: legit, he/she/they has gathered

misit: he/she/they sent; often indicates who sent a duplicate to a botanist/herbarium

n.v.: non vidi, I have not seen; or non visus, not seen

nom. illeg.: nomen illegitimum, illegitimate name

nom. nud.: nomen nudum, naked name without a validating description or diagnosis, or reference to such

p.p.: pro parte, in part

s.d.: sine die, without day, i.e. undated

s.l., s.lat.: sensu lato, in a broad/wide sense; s.l. can also sometimes refer to sea level

s.n.: sine numero, without number; used for an unnumbered gathering/collection

s.str., s.s.: sensu stricto, in a strict/narrow sense

sensu: in the sense/opinion of, followed by a person’s name

sp.: species

sp. nov.: species nova, new species

spp.: plural form of species

stet: let it stand

subsp., ssp.: subspecies

syn.: synonymum, synonym; also syntypus, syntype

typus: type

var.: varietas, variety

vel: or; usually seen after a species name as "vel aff." meaning this species or something similar

7bre: September

8bre: October

9bre: November

Xbre: December; also written as 10bre