Cyphomandra tegore (Aubl.) Walp.
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Authority
Bohs, Lynn A. 1994. Cyphomandra (Solanaceae). Fl. Neotrop. Monogr. 63: 154. (Published by NYBG Press)
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Family
Solanaceae
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Scientific Name
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Synonyms
Solanum tegore Aubl., Pionandra tegore (Aubl.) Miers
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Description
Species Description - Small tree 1.5-5 m tall. Branches moderately to densely puberulent and sparsely pilose with hairs 1-2 mm long. Leaf blades simple, lobed or unlobed, chartaceous to subcoriaceous, acuminate at apex, sparsely puberulent and pilose adaxially, densely puberulent abaxially; petioles densely puberulent and sparsely pilose. Trunk leaves simple, pinnately 9-lobed (one leaf represented), the blade 34 cm long, 28 cm wide, divided 3/4 to 4/5 to midrib, the sinuses acute, the base cordate with basal lobes ca. 2 cm long; petiole ca. 5 cm long (fide Aublet). Crown leaves 3-4 per sympodial unit, simple, unlobed, the blade ovate, 4-15 cm long, 2-6 cm wide, length:width ratio (1-)1.5-2.5:1, the base truncate to cordate with basal lobes 0-1.5 cm long; petioles cm long. Inflorescence unbranched, 15-50-flowered, 2-12 cm long; peduncle 0.5-1.5 cm long; rachis 1-10 cm long; pedicels 10-20 mm long, 15-20 mm long in fruit, 1 mm apart, articulated near the base, leaving pedicellar remnants ca. 1 mm long; peduncle, rachis, and pedicels densely puberulent and sparsely pilose. Flower buds lanceolate, acute at apex. Calyx subcoriaceous to fleshy, glandular-puberulent, occasionally sparsely pilose, the radius 1.5-2 mm, the lobes 1 mm long, 1-1.5 mm wide, rounded, acute or apiculate. Corolla green, greenish-brown, or whitish, membranaceous to subcoriaceous, stellate, the radius ca. 10 mm, the tube 0.5 mm long, the lobes narrowly triangular, ca. 10 mm long, 1.5-2 mm wide, glabrous abaxially, often sparsely pubescent toward apex, glabrous adaxially, the margin ciliate, the apex acute. Anther thecae white or yellow, narrowly triangular, 4.5-5 mm long, 1 mm wide, the pores directed distally and adaxially; connective purple or yellow, narrowly triangular, 5-6 mm long, 0.5-1 mm wide, abaxially slightly shorter than thecae at apex, exceeding them at base by 1 mm, adaxially absent or present at base. Ovary glandular-puberulent; style cylindrical, glabrous, not dilated distally, 6 mm long, 0.3-0.5 mm in diam., exserted 1-2 mm beyond stamens; stigma truncate, 0.3-0.5 mm in diam. Fruit ovoid or globose, obtuse at apex, 1.5-3.5 cm long, 1.5-2.5 cm in diam., moderately glandular-puberulent, yellow when mature (fide Aublet); mesocarp with stone cell aggregates; seeds 4 mm long, 4 mm wide, glabrous.
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Discussion
Aublet (1775) states that this species was cultivated by the Galibis of French Guiana but does not mention any uses of the plants.
Cyphomandra tegore belongs to the C. hartwegii complex and manifests some of the typical characteristics of that group: pinnately lobed trunk leaves, greenish stellate corollas with narrow lobes, long narrow anthers, and slender cylindrical styles with small truncate stigmas. Its abundant pubescence, unbranched inflorescences, ciliate corolla margins, and pubescent fruits closely resemble those of C. foetida, but C. tegore differs in having lobed rather than entire trunk leaves and fruits with obtuse rather than acute apices. These two species are very similar, however, and further research may show that they are conspecific.A single specimen representing Aublet’s type is located at BM and has been chosen as the lectotype of Solanum tegore Aublet. It is probable that this specimen was used to prepare the plate for Aublet’s description (Aublet, 1775; Fig. 78). However, the flowers pictured in the plate are not present on the BM specimen. Howard (1983) notes that many of Aublet’s drawings and descriptions are mixtures of discordant elements. The provenance and fate of the flowers pictured in his illustration are unknown, but the leaves and distinctive puberulent fruits present on the type specimen are sufficient to identify it to species. -
Common Names
Forestiki, Mananga mâle, tegore
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Objects
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Distribution
Forest clearings, 70-700 m, Suriname, French Guiana, and eastern Brazil. Flowering specimens have been collected in March and June through December. Fruiting specimens have been collected in March, June, August, September, November, and December.
Suriname South America| French Guiana South America| Brazil South America| Amapá Brazil South America| Amazonas Brazil South America| Goiás Brazil South America| Pará Brazil South America|