Taxon Details: Swartzia hostmannii Benth.
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Family:
Fabaceae (Magnoliophyta)
Fabaceae (Magnoliophyta)
Scientific Name:
Swartzia hostmannii Benth.
Swartzia hostmannii Benth.
Primary Citation:
Fl. Bras. (Martius) 15: 18. 1870
Fl. Bras. (Martius) 15: 18. 1870
Accepted Name:
This name is currently accepted.
This name is currently accepted.
Description:
Author: Benjamin M. Torke
Type: Suriname, 1842 (fl), F. W. R. Hostmann 191 (holotype: K; isotypes: BM, CGE, FI, G, GH, NY, S, U, US, W).
Description: Tree or shrub to ca. 5 m; young branchlets glabrous to thinly strigulose. Leaves unifoliolate, with a distinct articulation between the petiole and pulvinule; stipules 0.4-1.2 x 0.2-0.4 mm, triangular, lanceolate or subulate, strigulose abaxially, glabrescent, caducous; petiole 2-7.1 mm, sometimes wholly pulvinar, but usually with a distinct "rachis" beyond the pulvinus, this marginate to winged-auriculate adaxially and stipellate, glabrous to thinly strigulose, pulvinus 1.4-4 mm, wing 1.4-5.6 x 1.4-2.2 mm, obovate or obtriangular, stipels ca. 0.1- 0.5 mm, triangular; petiolules 0.5-1.4 mm, glabrous to thinly strigulose; laminas 2.3-3 x longer than wide, 8-20 x 3.5 -7.5 cm, chartaceous, elliptic to oblong-elliptic, base rounded-obtuse to broadly acute, apex acuminate, tip rounded, adaxial surface glabrous, abaxial surface thinly strigulose to glabrous, midrib and other venation raised on both surfaces, secondary veins 9-13, initially ascending at 23-33°, forming loose submarginal loops, these with several included intersecondary veins semiparallel to secondaries, but less ascending. Inflorescences simple racemes, borne in axils of coeval leaves or from slightly older defoliate portion of branchlets, to ca. 15-flowered; axes 5-14 cm, thinly golden-strigulose, glabrescent, bracts 0.9-1.7 (-2) x 0.5-0.6 mm, narrowly triangular to lanceolate, sometimes supplied with a pairs of stipules similar to those of the foliage leaves, strigulose abaxially, glabrescent; pedicels 15-27.5 mm, dorso-ventrally compressed, thinly strigulose; bracteoles 0.6-1.3 mm, opposite to strongly subopposite, inserted in distal third of pedicel, narrowly triangular to linear-lanceolate, abaxially strigulose, glabrescent; flower buds 8.7-11.8 x 5.8-9.8 mm, ellipsoid to ovoid, strongly umbonate, glabrous or essentially so, sometimes sparsely strigulose at extreme base. Calyx segments 4-5 in number, 8.8-12.9 x 3.2-7.6 mm, subequal, more or less elliptic, strongly recurved, mostly glabrous, sometimes sparsely strigulose at extreme base abaxially. Petal yellow; claw 2.8-6.1 mm; limb 14.8-17.6 x 14.3-20.6 mm, broadly ovate or oblate-ovate, truncate to obtuse at base. Stamens glabrous, dimorphic, of two sizes; larger stamens 6-9, adaxial, filaments 20.8-27.7 mm, dorso-ventrally compressed, tapering and recurved or coiling at apex, anthers 1.4-2.3 x 0.8-1.2 mm, ellipitc or oblong in outline; smaller stamens 230-325, filaments 3.2-17.6 mm, anthers 0.8-1.3 x 0.6-1.2 mm, elliptic to rotund in outline. Gynoecium with the stipe 8.1-13.5 mm more or less linear, dilated at apex, glabrous to thinly strigose, more densely so apically; ovary 6.5-9.3 x 1.4-2 mm, narrowly and inequilaterally arcuate-elliptic in outline, laterally compressed, densely strigose, locule glabrous; ovules 2-8; style 7.8-11.4 mm, terminal, linear, dilated basally, arcuate, essentially glabrous toward apex, progressively strigulose toward base; stigma capitellate to obtuse. Fruits, slightly immature, mostly single-seeded, green; stipe 1.9-2 mm, linear, glabrous; body 5.5-7.8 x 2-2.4 cm, falcate, laterally compressed, the center more or less elliptic in outline, the base and apex strongly acute-attenuate, sparsely strigose, glabrescent.
Common names: Nemba; language: Ndjuka; geographical location: Suriname; source: Sauvain & Vernon 473.
Distribution: Swartzia hostmannii is known only from western French Guiana and eastern Suriname, in the central basin of the Maroni River, which forms the border between the two countries.
Ecology: The habitat of S. hostmannii has been little documented. Most of the existing collections have been taken near rivers. Other aspects of the species' ecology are completely unknown.
Phenology: Specimens with flowers have been gathered from June to August. One collection with flowers and nearly mature fruits was made in November.
Taxonomic notes: DNA sequence data place S. hostmannii in S. section Recurvae, near the species S. aptera (Torke & Schaal, 2008), which occurs in eastern French Guiana and the adjacent Brazilian state of Amapá. These two species, along with S. oriximinaensis of the east-central Amazon basin, and to a lesser extent, S. rediviva of Suriname, differ from other members of the section in having the gynoecium with both the ovary and style relatively more elongate and the smaller stamens more numerous. Together they may form the sister group to the remaining species of the section. Within section Recurvae, S. hostmannii is singular in combining strictly unifoliolate leaves and a densely strigose ovary. The overall form of the gynoecium resembles that of many species of section Orthostylae, while the unifoliolate leaves are similar to those of some species of section Possira, but these similarities have evolved apparently by convergence.
Uses: No uses have been recorded.
Etymology: The species was named by Bentham for the collector of the type specimen, Friedrich Wilhelm Rudolf Hostmann.
Conservation status: Data are insufficient to make a definitive conservation assessment. Based on the existing collections, the species' range appears to be quite localized, but it lies within a larger region with expansive areas of poorly explored and still largely intact forest.
Author: Benjamin M. Torke
Type: Suriname, 1842 (fl), F. W. R. Hostmann 191 (holotype: K; isotypes: BM, CGE, FI, G, GH, NY, S, U, US, W).
Description: Tree or shrub to ca. 5 m; young branchlets glabrous to thinly strigulose. Leaves unifoliolate, with a distinct articulation between the petiole and pulvinule; stipules 0.4-1.2 x 0.2-0.4 mm, triangular, lanceolate or subulate, strigulose abaxially, glabrescent, caducous; petiole 2-7.1 mm, sometimes wholly pulvinar, but usually with a distinct "rachis" beyond the pulvinus, this marginate to winged-auriculate adaxially and stipellate, glabrous to thinly strigulose, pulvinus 1.4-4 mm, wing 1.4-5.6 x 1.4-2.2 mm, obovate or obtriangular, stipels ca. 0.1- 0.5 mm, triangular; petiolules 0.5-1.4 mm, glabrous to thinly strigulose; laminas 2.3-3 x longer than wide, 8-20 x 3.5 -7.5 cm, chartaceous, elliptic to oblong-elliptic, base rounded-obtuse to broadly acute, apex acuminate, tip rounded, adaxial surface glabrous, abaxial surface thinly strigulose to glabrous, midrib and other venation raised on both surfaces, secondary veins 9-13, initially ascending at 23-33°, forming loose submarginal loops, these with several included intersecondary veins semiparallel to secondaries, but less ascending. Inflorescences simple racemes, borne in axils of coeval leaves or from slightly older defoliate portion of branchlets, to ca. 15-flowered; axes 5-14 cm, thinly golden-strigulose, glabrescent, bracts 0.9-1.7 (-2) x 0.5-0.6 mm, narrowly triangular to lanceolate, sometimes supplied with a pairs of stipules similar to those of the foliage leaves, strigulose abaxially, glabrescent; pedicels 15-27.5 mm, dorso-ventrally compressed, thinly strigulose; bracteoles 0.6-1.3 mm, opposite to strongly subopposite, inserted in distal third of pedicel, narrowly triangular to linear-lanceolate, abaxially strigulose, glabrescent; flower buds 8.7-11.8 x 5.8-9.8 mm, ellipsoid to ovoid, strongly umbonate, glabrous or essentially so, sometimes sparsely strigulose at extreme base. Calyx segments 4-5 in number, 8.8-12.9 x 3.2-7.6 mm, subequal, more or less elliptic, strongly recurved, mostly glabrous, sometimes sparsely strigulose at extreme base abaxially. Petal yellow; claw 2.8-6.1 mm; limb 14.8-17.6 x 14.3-20.6 mm, broadly ovate or oblate-ovate, truncate to obtuse at base. Stamens glabrous, dimorphic, of two sizes; larger stamens 6-9, adaxial, filaments 20.8-27.7 mm, dorso-ventrally compressed, tapering and recurved or coiling at apex, anthers 1.4-2.3 x 0.8-1.2 mm, ellipitc or oblong in outline; smaller stamens 230-325, filaments 3.2-17.6 mm, anthers 0.8-1.3 x 0.6-1.2 mm, elliptic to rotund in outline. Gynoecium with the stipe 8.1-13.5 mm more or less linear, dilated at apex, glabrous to thinly strigose, more densely so apically; ovary 6.5-9.3 x 1.4-2 mm, narrowly and inequilaterally arcuate-elliptic in outline, laterally compressed, densely strigose, locule glabrous; ovules 2-8; style 7.8-11.4 mm, terminal, linear, dilated basally, arcuate, essentially glabrous toward apex, progressively strigulose toward base; stigma capitellate to obtuse. Fruits, slightly immature, mostly single-seeded, green; stipe 1.9-2 mm, linear, glabrous; body 5.5-7.8 x 2-2.4 cm, falcate, laterally compressed, the center more or less elliptic in outline, the base and apex strongly acute-attenuate, sparsely strigose, glabrescent.
Common names: Nemba; language: Ndjuka; geographical location: Suriname; source: Sauvain & Vernon 473.
Distribution: Swartzia hostmannii is known only from western French Guiana and eastern Suriname, in the central basin of the Maroni River, which forms the border between the two countries.
Ecology: The habitat of S. hostmannii has been little documented. Most of the existing collections have been taken near rivers. Other aspects of the species' ecology are completely unknown.
Phenology: Specimens with flowers have been gathered from June to August. One collection with flowers and nearly mature fruits was made in November.
Taxonomic notes: DNA sequence data place S. hostmannii in S. section Recurvae, near the species S. aptera (Torke & Schaal, 2008), which occurs in eastern French Guiana and the adjacent Brazilian state of Amapá. These two species, along with S. oriximinaensis of the east-central Amazon basin, and to a lesser extent, S. rediviva of Suriname, differ from other members of the section in having the gynoecium with both the ovary and style relatively more elongate and the smaller stamens more numerous. Together they may form the sister group to the remaining species of the section. Within section Recurvae, S. hostmannii is singular in combining strictly unifoliolate leaves and a densely strigose ovary. The overall form of the gynoecium resembles that of many species of section Orthostylae, while the unifoliolate leaves are similar to those of some species of section Possira, but these similarities have evolved apparently by convergence.
Uses: No uses have been recorded.
Etymology: The species was named by Bentham for the collector of the type specimen, Friedrich Wilhelm Rudolf Hostmann.
Conservation status: Data are insufficient to make a definitive conservation assessment. Based on the existing collections, the species' range appears to be quite localized, but it lies within a larger region with expansive areas of poorly explored and still largely intact forest.
Flora and Monograph Treatment(s):
Swartzia hostmannii Benth.: [Article] Cowan, Richard S. 1967. Swartzia (Leguminosae, Caesalpinioideae Swartzieae). Fl. Neotrop. Monogr. 1: 3-228.
Swartzia hostmannii Benth.: [Article] Cowan, Richard S. 1967. Swartzia (Leguminosae, Caesalpinioideae Swartzieae). Fl. Neotrop. Monogr. 1: 3-228.