Monographs Details:
Authority:
Grear, John W. 1978. A revision of the New World species of Rhynchosia (Leguminosae-Faboideae). Mem. New York Bot. Gard. 31 (1): 1-168.
Grear, John W. 1978. A revision of the New World species of Rhynchosia (Leguminosae-Faboideae). Mem. New York Bot. Gard. 31 (1): 1-168.
Family:
Fabaceae
Fabaceae
Description:
Variety Description - Stipules ± persistent (caducous on older stems), lanceolate to deltoid, acute to long-acuminate, base truncate, 2-10 mm long, 2-5 mm wide. Leaflets oblong, lanceolate, ovate to rhombic-ovate, (l-)3-9(-14) cm long, (0.5-) 1-5(-8) cm wide, villous beneath. Inflorescences few- to many-flowered, 2-15(-25) cm, non-branching, peduncle subobsolete to 20 mm, pedicels 1-4 mm. Bracts 2-5 mm long, 0.5-1.5 mm wide. Calyx villous, lobes narrowly lanceolate, 5-9 mm, vexillar sinus 2.5-3 mm. Corolla yellow, streaked brownish, 6-9 mm. Standard obovate-elliptic, emarginate, 6-9 mm, claw 1-1.5 mm. Wings minutely puberulous to glabrous and gland-dotted at apex, 6-9 mm, claw 1-1.5 mm. Keel blades minutely puberulous to glabrous at apex, 6-9 mm, claw 1-2 mm. Fruits puberulous. Seeds 3-4 mm wide.
Variety Description - Stipules ± persistent (caducous on older stems), lanceolate to deltoid, acute to long-acuminate, base truncate, 2-10 mm long, 2-5 mm wide. Leaflets oblong, lanceolate, ovate to rhombic-ovate, (l-)3-9(-14) cm long, (0.5-) 1-5(-8) cm wide, villous beneath. Inflorescences few- to many-flowered, 2-15(-25) cm, non-branching, peduncle subobsolete to 20 mm, pedicels 1-4 mm. Bracts 2-5 mm long, 0.5-1.5 mm wide. Calyx villous, lobes narrowly lanceolate, 5-9 mm, vexillar sinus 2.5-3 mm. Corolla yellow, streaked brownish, 6-9 mm. Standard obovate-elliptic, emarginate, 6-9 mm, claw 1-1.5 mm. Wings minutely puberulous to glabrous and gland-dotted at apex, 6-9 mm, claw 1-1.5 mm. Keel blades minutely puberulous to glabrous at apex, 6-9 mm, claw 1-2 mm. Fruits puberulous. Seeds 3-4 mm wide.
Discussion:
Glycine reticulata Swartz, Prodr. 105. 1788. Rhynchosia reticulata (Swartz) de Candolle, Prodr. 2: 385. 1825. Dolicholus reticulatus (Swartz) Millspaugh, Fieldiana Bot. 2: 53. 1900. Glycine fridericiana Weinmann, Flora 4(1): 29. 1821. Rhynchosia fridericiana (Weinmann) de Candolle, Prodr. 2: 387. 1825, non R. fridericiana Zollinger & Moritzi, 1846. Glycine macrophylla Humboldt, Bonpland & Kunth, Nov. Gen. «fe Sp. 6: 426. 1823. Type. CUBA. Havana, Bonpland s n, w/o date (holotype, P!). Rhynchosia macrophylla (Humboldt, Bonpland & Kunth) de Candolle, Prodr. 2: 385. 1825. Rhynchosia reticulata a macrophylla (Humboldt, Bonpland & Kunth) O. Kuntze, Rev. Gen. 1: 204. 1891. Rhynchosia aequinoctalis Duchassaing & Walpers, Linnaea 23: 743. 1850. Type.: GUADELOUPE. Duchassaing s n, 1832 (lectotype selected, P!; isotype, A!). Rhynchosia reticulata ß latifolia sensu O. Kuntze, Rev. Gen. 1: 204. 1891. Rhynchosia reticulata y elliptica O. Kuntze, Rev. Gen. 1: 204. 1891. Type: CUBA. Linden 2071, 1844 (holotype, K!; phototypes, C!, NY!, S!, US!; isotypes, BM!, G!, K!, LE!, NY!, P!). Dolicholus hondurensis Rose, Contr. U. S. Natl. Herb. 10: 101. 1906. Type: HONDURAS. Department of Santa Bárbara, near San Pedro Sula, C. Thierne s n (dist. by J. D. Smith, no 5200), May 1888 (holotype, US!; isotypes, G!, GH!). Rhynchosia hondurensis (Rose) J. D. Smith, Enum. P. Guat. Index. 8: 172. 1907. Type. JAMAICA. Swartz sn, w/o date (lectotype selected, S!; syntypes, S!). Local Names. Peonía blanca (Cuba); Ixbeho (Guatemala); susuyee (Mexico: Yucatán). As already stated, this taxon is most similar to R. latifolia and R. calycosa. As is the case with R. minima, R. reticulata var reticulata is widespread in America and exhibits a great deal of phenotypic plasticity. Its morphological diversity is not surprising in view of the extensive geographical range and broad ecological amplitude. By assembling the numerous specimens that have been borrowed, a comprehensive picture of local as well as more widespread variations has been developed. Possibly some of the polymorphism encountered in the typical variety where its range comes into contact with other species may be attributed to repeated hybridization between the taxa. However, such an explanation is weakened by the great amount of variation that is exhibited on individual specimens. Pubescence is variable and so is leaflet size and shape, even on a single plant. Raceme length also varies, but floral and fruiting characters remain constant. Plants from Massif de la Selle, Haiti (Ekman H6989), collected on limestone cliffs, have exceptionally tomentose stems and leaves. However, examination of the material shows no variation other than the degree of pubescence, and this singlecharacter difference probably represents a local form reflecting edaphic or climatic influences. One of the synonyms for the typical variety, R. fridericiana, was applied to plants said to have been collected in Manila, in the Phillipines. However, neither variety of R. reticulata occurs outside the New World and according to Nooteboom (1960), the correct provenance is the West Indies, the plant having been raised in a Russian Botancial Garden from seed mistakenly thought to have come from Manila. It is also suggested that it might represent a post-Colombian import which failed to naturalize.
Glycine reticulata Swartz, Prodr. 105. 1788. Rhynchosia reticulata (Swartz) de Candolle, Prodr. 2: 385. 1825. Dolicholus reticulatus (Swartz) Millspaugh, Fieldiana Bot. 2: 53. 1900. Glycine fridericiana Weinmann, Flora 4(1): 29. 1821. Rhynchosia fridericiana (Weinmann) de Candolle, Prodr. 2: 387. 1825, non R. fridericiana Zollinger & Moritzi, 1846. Glycine macrophylla Humboldt, Bonpland & Kunth, Nov. Gen. «fe Sp. 6: 426. 1823. Type. CUBA. Havana, Bonpland s n, w/o date (holotype, P!). Rhynchosia macrophylla (Humboldt, Bonpland & Kunth) de Candolle, Prodr. 2: 385. 1825. Rhynchosia reticulata a macrophylla (Humboldt, Bonpland & Kunth) O. Kuntze, Rev. Gen. 1: 204. 1891. Rhynchosia aequinoctalis Duchassaing & Walpers, Linnaea 23: 743. 1850. Type.: GUADELOUPE. Duchassaing s n, 1832 (lectotype selected, P!; isotype, A!). Rhynchosia reticulata ß latifolia sensu O. Kuntze, Rev. Gen. 1: 204. 1891. Rhynchosia reticulata y elliptica O. Kuntze, Rev. Gen. 1: 204. 1891. Type: CUBA. Linden 2071, 1844 (holotype, K!; phototypes, C!, NY!, S!, US!; isotypes, BM!, G!, K!, LE!, NY!, P!). Dolicholus hondurensis Rose, Contr. U. S. Natl. Herb. 10: 101. 1906. Type: HONDURAS. Department of Santa Bárbara, near San Pedro Sula, C. Thierne s n (dist. by J. D. Smith, no 5200), May 1888 (holotype, US!; isotypes, G!, GH!). Rhynchosia hondurensis (Rose) J. D. Smith, Enum. P. Guat. Index. 8: 172. 1907. Type. JAMAICA. Swartz sn, w/o date (lectotype selected, S!; syntypes, S!). Local Names. Peonía blanca (Cuba); Ixbeho (Guatemala); susuyee (Mexico: Yucatán). As already stated, this taxon is most similar to R. latifolia and R. calycosa. As is the case with R. minima, R. reticulata var reticulata is widespread in America and exhibits a great deal of phenotypic plasticity. Its morphological diversity is not surprising in view of the extensive geographical range and broad ecological amplitude. By assembling the numerous specimens that have been borrowed, a comprehensive picture of local as well as more widespread variations has been developed. Possibly some of the polymorphism encountered in the typical variety where its range comes into contact with other species may be attributed to repeated hybridization between the taxa. However, such an explanation is weakened by the great amount of variation that is exhibited on individual specimens. Pubescence is variable and so is leaflet size and shape, even on a single plant. Raceme length also varies, but floral and fruiting characters remain constant. Plants from Massif de la Selle, Haiti (Ekman H6989), collected on limestone cliffs, have exceptionally tomentose stems and leaves. However, examination of the material shows no variation other than the degree of pubescence, and this singlecharacter difference probably represents a local form reflecting edaphic or climatic influences. One of the synonyms for the typical variety, R. fridericiana, was applied to plants said to have been collected in Manila, in the Phillipines. However, neither variety of R. reticulata occurs outside the New World and according to Nooteboom (1960), the correct provenance is the West Indies, the plant having been raised in a Russian Botancial Garden from seed mistakenly thought to have come from Manila. It is also suggested that it might represent a post-Colombian import which failed to naturalize.
Distribution:
Mexico North America| West Indies| South America| Central America|
Mexico North America| West Indies| South America| Central America|