Monographs Details:
Authority:
Ackerman, James D. 1995. An orchid flora of Puerto Rico and the Virgin Islands. Mem. New York Bot. Gard. 73: 1-203.
Ackerman, James D. 1995. An orchid flora of Puerto Rico and the Virgin Islands. Mem. New York Bot. Gard. 73: 1-203.
Family:
Orchidaceae
Orchidaceae
Description:
Species Description - Plants erect, terrestrial, to 1 m tall. Roots several to many, glabrous to villous, 1-2 mm diam. Stems covered by leaf sheaths, glabrous, to 8 mm diam. Leaves several to many, cauline, spirally arranged, glabrous, becoming bractlike toward raceme; sheaths densely spotted blackish brown; blades elliptic to lanceolate, acute to acuminate, to 9 cm long, 3 cm wide. Inflorescences densely flowered racemes, glabrous, 10-14 cm long; floral bracts ovatelanceolate, shorter than the flowers. Flowers white, resupinate, glabrous. Pedicellate ovary erect, 15-20 mm long. Sepals broadly elliptic, 5-7 mm long, 3-4 mm wide; dorsal sepal erect, concave, forming a hood over the column, lateral sepals spreading. Petals unequally and deeply bifid, 5-6 mm long; the lower lobe reflexed, filiform. Lip deeply trilobed; lateral lobes filiform, reflexed, 7-10 mm long; middle lobe slightly wider, also reflexed, 6-7 mm long; basal spur ca. 15 mm long, decurrent. Column 2-2.5 mm long; stigmas lateral and below the opening of the spur, 1-1.5 mm long and wide, chunks of pollen often visible; pollinia attached to viscidia by caudicles, 2.5-3 mm long. Fruits erect, cylindrical, 1.3-2 cm long.
Species Description - Plants erect, terrestrial, to 1 m tall. Roots several to many, glabrous to villous, 1-2 mm diam. Stems covered by leaf sheaths, glabrous, to 8 mm diam. Leaves several to many, cauline, spirally arranged, glabrous, becoming bractlike toward raceme; sheaths densely spotted blackish brown; blades elliptic to lanceolate, acute to acuminate, to 9 cm long, 3 cm wide. Inflorescences densely flowered racemes, glabrous, 10-14 cm long; floral bracts ovatelanceolate, shorter than the flowers. Flowers white, resupinate, glabrous. Pedicellate ovary erect, 15-20 mm long. Sepals broadly elliptic, 5-7 mm long, 3-4 mm wide; dorsal sepal erect, concave, forming a hood over the column, lateral sepals spreading. Petals unequally and deeply bifid, 5-6 mm long; the lower lobe reflexed, filiform. Lip deeply trilobed; lateral lobes filiform, reflexed, 7-10 mm long; middle lobe slightly wider, also reflexed, 6-7 mm long; basal spur ca. 15 mm long, decurrent. Column 2-2.5 mm long; stigmas lateral and below the opening of the spur, 1-1.5 mm long and wide, chunks of pollen often visible; pollinia attached to viscidia by caudicles, 2.5-3 mm long. Fruits erect, cylindrical, 1.3-2 cm long.
Discussion:
1. Habenaria monorrhiza (Swartz) Reichenbach f., Ber. Deutsch. Bot. Ges. 3:274. 1885. Orchis monorrhiza Swartz, Nov. Gen. Sp. PL Prodr. 118. 1788. Type. Swartz s.n., from Jamaica (BM, cited in Garay & Sweet, 1974, could not be located; S, E. Christenson, pers. comm.; SBT, T. Zanoni, pers. comm.) Habenaria maculosa Lindley, Gen. Sp. Orchid. PL 309. 1835. Lectotype. Guilding s.n., from St. Vincent (K-L). Phenology & Pollination. Flowering occurs from September through February. The nocturnally fragrant, white flowers may be pollinated by moths. Self-pollination, however, does occur. Within mature buds, chunks of sectile pollinia fall from the anther and adhere to the stigmas. Most flowers develop fruit.
1. Habenaria monorrhiza (Swartz) Reichenbach f., Ber. Deutsch. Bot. Ges. 3:274. 1885. Orchis monorrhiza Swartz, Nov. Gen. Sp. PL Prodr. 118. 1788. Type. Swartz s.n., from Jamaica (BM, cited in Garay & Sweet, 1974, could not be located; S, E. Christenson, pers. comm.; SBT, T. Zanoni, pers. comm.) Habenaria maculosa Lindley, Gen. Sp. Orchid. PL 309. 1835. Lectotype. Guilding s.n., from St. Vincent (K-L). Phenology & Pollination. Flowering occurs from September through February. The nocturnally fragrant, white flowers may be pollinated by moths. Self-pollination, however, does occur. Within mature buds, chunks of sectile pollinia fall from the anther and adhere to the stigmas. Most flowers develop fruit.
Distribution:
Central America| Ecuador South America| South America| West Indies|
Central America| Ecuador South America| South America| West Indies|