Monographs Details:
Authority:
Moguel Velázquez, Ana L. & Kessler, Michael. 2013. Grammitid ferns (Polypodiaceae). III.. Fl. Neotrop. Monogr. 113: 1--68. (Published by NYBG Press)
Moguel Velázquez, Ana L. & Kessler, Michael. 2013. Grammitid ferns (Polypodiaceae). III.
Family:
Polypodiaceae
Polypodiaceae
Synonyms:
Polypodium longum C.Chr., Ctenopteris longa (C.Chr.) Copel., Xiphopteris longa (C.Chr.) Alston, Terpsichore longa (C.Chr.) A.R.Sm., Terpsichore acrosora A.Rojas
Polypodium longum C.Chr., Ctenopteris longa (C.Chr.) Copel., Xiphopteris longa (C.Chr.) Alston, Terpsichore longa (C.Chr.) A.R.Sm., Terpsichore acrosora A.Rojas
Description:
Species Description - Plants epiphytic; rhizomes 0.5-2.0 cm long, short-creeping to suberect, radially symmetric, scaly and setose, the setae simple, golden-orange, up to 3 mm long, the scales linear-lanceolate, castaneous, concolorous, shiny, 0.5-1.5 x 0.2-0.3 mm, setulate and sometimes also puberulent, the setae present on scale margins, yellow to castaneous, mostly shorter than the width of the scales, 0.1-0.2(-0.4) mm long, the hairs 0.05-0.10 mm long, simple, and turgid on scale margins and 0.1-0.2 mm long, branched, and turgid on apices; fronds 20-110 x 4-9 cm, caespitose, pendulous with indeterminate growth; stipes 1.5-2.0 cm x 0.4-0.6 mm, castaneous to dark brown, with simple, yellow to golden-orange, 0.5-3.5 mm long setae and with simple or branched, hyaline to yellow, 0.1-0.3 mm long hairs; blades linear-lanceolate, pinnatisect, thin-chartaceous, gradually tapering at both ends, sometimes with up to 5 reduced segment pairs at the bases; rachises sclerenchymatous, dark brown to black, moderately densely covered with simple, abaxially also bifurcate and scattered stellate, 3- to 6-branched, hyaline to golden-orange, 0.5-3.5 mm long setae, puberulent like the stipes; pinnae 2-4 x 0.8-1.2 cm, deltate to linear-deltate, perpendicular to the rachises, alternate, symmetric at the bases, % to entirely adnate, apices acute, margins setose, the setae simple, hyaline to golden-orange, bifurcate and stellate, 3(-4)-branched, 0.5-3.5 mm long; sinuses 1-11mm wide; veins free, 1-furcate, ending inframedially to submarginally, obscure or conspicuous and black; blade surfaces adaxially and abaxially moderately densely covered with simple, hyaline to yellow, 0.3—2.0 mm long setae and simple or branched, hyaline to yellow, 0.1-0.3 mm long hairs; hydathodes inconspicuous, lime dots lacking; sori round, arising at the vein apices, up to 28 per pinna; receptacles not or sparsely setose; sporangia ciliate, cilia up to 0.6 mm long.
Species Description - Plants epiphytic; rhizomes 0.5-2.0 cm long, short-creeping to suberect, radially symmetric, scaly and setose, the setae simple, golden-orange, up to 3 mm long, the scales linear-lanceolate, castaneous, concolorous, shiny, 0.5-1.5 x 0.2-0.3 mm, setulate and sometimes also puberulent, the setae present on scale margins, yellow to castaneous, mostly shorter than the width of the scales, 0.1-0.2(-0.4) mm long, the hairs 0.05-0.10 mm long, simple, and turgid on scale margins and 0.1-0.2 mm long, branched, and turgid on apices; fronds 20-110 x 4-9 cm, caespitose, pendulous with indeterminate growth; stipes 1.5-2.0 cm x 0.4-0.6 mm, castaneous to dark brown, with simple, yellow to golden-orange, 0.5-3.5 mm long setae and with simple or branched, hyaline to yellow, 0.1-0.3 mm long hairs; blades linear-lanceolate, pinnatisect, thin-chartaceous, gradually tapering at both ends, sometimes with up to 5 reduced segment pairs at the bases; rachises sclerenchymatous, dark brown to black, moderately densely covered with simple, abaxially also bifurcate and scattered stellate, 3- to 6-branched, hyaline to golden-orange, 0.5-3.5 mm long setae, puberulent like the stipes; pinnae 2-4 x 0.8-1.2 cm, deltate to linear-deltate, perpendicular to the rachises, alternate, symmetric at the bases, % to entirely adnate, apices acute, margins setose, the setae simple, hyaline to golden-orange, bifurcate and stellate, 3(-4)-branched, 0.5-3.5 mm long; sinuses 1-11mm wide; veins free, 1-furcate, ending inframedially to submarginally, obscure or conspicuous and black; blade surfaces adaxially and abaxially moderately densely covered with simple, hyaline to yellow, 0.3—2.0 mm long setae and simple or branched, hyaline to yellow, 0.1-0.3 mm long hairs; hydathodes inconspicuous, lime dots lacking; sori round, arising at the vein apices, up to 28 per pinna; receptacles not or sparsely setose; sporangia ciliate, cilia up to 0.6 mm long.
Discussion:
The shape of the conspicuously symmetric and acute pinnae of Alansmia longa is very characteristic of this species. The pinnae are 2-4 x 0.8-1.2 cm, deltate to linear-deltate, perpendicular to the rachises, alternate, symmetric at the bases, and 3/4 to entirely adnate to the rachis and have acute apices. This species also is characterized by having large fronds (20-110 x 4-9 cm), lacking lime dots on the hydathodes, and having a rather sparse indument of pale setae. Alansmia longa is closely related to A. semilunaris, but differs by the wider (0.8-1.2 mm); entirely adnate pinnae (vs. curved, slender, 0.5-0.9 mm wide, slightly falcate pinnae); and the larger, up to 3 mm long, pale orange rhizome scales (vs. 0.5-1.5 mm long, castaneous rhizome scales). Alansmia longa is restricted to elevations below 1200 m, whereas A. semilunaris is found at 3500-3600 m.
The shape of the conspicuously symmetric and acute pinnae of Alansmia longa is very characteristic of this species. The pinnae are 2-4 x 0.8-1.2 cm, deltate to linear-deltate, perpendicular to the rachises, alternate, symmetric at the bases, and 3/4 to entirely adnate to the rachis and have acute apices. This species also is characterized by having large fronds (20-110 x 4-9 cm), lacking lime dots on the hydathodes, and having a rather sparse indument of pale setae. Alansmia longa is closely related to A. semilunaris, but differs by the wider (0.8-1.2 mm); entirely adnate pinnae (vs. curved, slender, 0.5-0.9 mm wide, slightly falcate pinnae); and the larger, up to 3 mm long, pale orange rhizome scales (vs. 0.5-1.5 mm long, castaneous rhizome scales). Alansmia longa is restricted to elevations below 1200 m, whereas A. semilunaris is found at 3500-3600 m.
Distribution:
Colombia South America| Ecuador South America| Esmeraldas Ecuador South America| Cartago Costa Rica Central America| Heredia Costa Rica Central America| Limón Costa Rica Central America| San José Costa Rica Central America| Carchi Ecuador South America| Napo Ecuador South America| Pichincha Ecuador South America| Tungurahua Ecuador South America| Antioquia Colombia South America| Magdalena Colombia South America|
Colombia South America| Ecuador South America| Esmeraldas Ecuador South America| Cartago Costa Rica Central America| Heredia Costa Rica Central America| Limón Costa Rica Central America| San José Costa Rica Central America| Carchi Ecuador South America| Napo Ecuador South America| Pichincha Ecuador South America| Tungurahua Ecuador South America| Antioquia Colombia South America| Magdalena Colombia South America|