Monographs Details:
Authority:
Renner, Susanne S. & Hausner, Gerlinde. 2005. Siparunaceae. Fl. Neotrop. Monogr. 95: 1--247 pp. (Published by NYBG Press)
Renner, Susanne S. & Hausner, Gerlinde. 2005. Siparunaceae. Fl. Neotrop. Monogr. 95: 1--247 pp. (Published by NYBG Press)
Family:
Monimiaceae
Monimiaceae
Description:
Species Description - Dioecious scrambling shrub or treelet, 2-7 m tall and reaching a dbh of 6 cm; branchlets quadrangular and slightly sulcate, densely covered with minute stellate hairs. Leaves opposite; petioles 2.5-4.5 cm long; lamina drying umber, chartaceous, oblanceolate, lanceolate or elliptic, 18.5-33 X 8.5-14 cm, the base acute, sometimes with small mite domatia, the apex long-cuspidate, the tip (1-)1.5-2(-3) cm long, both surfaces densely covered with minute stellate hairs, with 9-10(-13) pairs of secondary veins, the veins slightly raised above, distinctly raised below, the margin doubly serrulate. Cymes (1.5-)3-5(-9) cm long, densely covered with minute stellate hairs, with 3050 flowers. Fresh flowers greenish cream or white, sometimes with a red center; male floral cup obconical, 2-2.4 mm in diam., 2.5-3 mm high, with stellate appressed hairs, a few of these also on the upper side of the tepals and the floral roof, the roof distinctly raised and glabrous, the tepals (4-)5-6, oblong to spatulate, 2-3.5 mm long; stamens 5(-6), the outer ones somewhat exserted at anthesis; female floral cup of the same size and shape, the floral roof distinctly raised, consisting of a cylindrical bulge with a central tube sheathing the styles; styles 5-8. Fruiting receptacle subglobose, 1.3-2.5 cm in diam., crowned by the persistent tepals, mature red or purple with whitish spots and strongly lemon-scented; drupelets 5-8, gray with a red stylar aril.
Species Description - Dioecious scrambling shrub or treelet, 2-7 m tall and reaching a dbh of 6 cm; branchlets quadrangular and slightly sulcate, densely covered with minute stellate hairs. Leaves opposite; petioles 2.5-4.5 cm long; lamina drying umber, chartaceous, oblanceolate, lanceolate or elliptic, 18.5-33 X 8.5-14 cm, the base acute, sometimes with small mite domatia, the apex long-cuspidate, the tip (1-)1.5-2(-3) cm long, both surfaces densely covered with minute stellate hairs, with 9-10(-13) pairs of secondary veins, the veins slightly raised above, distinctly raised below, the margin doubly serrulate. Cymes (1.5-)3-5(-9) cm long, densely covered with minute stellate hairs, with 3050 flowers. Fresh flowers greenish cream or white, sometimes with a red center; male floral cup obconical, 2-2.4 mm in diam., 2.5-3 mm high, with stellate appressed hairs, a few of these also on the upper side of the tepals and the floral roof, the roof distinctly raised and glabrous, the tepals (4-)5-6, oblong to spatulate, 2-3.5 mm long; stamens 5(-6), the outer ones somewhat exserted at anthesis; female floral cup of the same size and shape, the floral roof distinctly raised, consisting of a cylindrical bulge with a central tube sheathing the styles; styles 5-8. Fruiting receptacle subglobose, 1.3-2.5 cm in diam., crowned by the persistent tepals, mature red or purple with whitish spots and strongly lemon-scented; drupelets 5-8, gray with a red stylar aril.
Discussion:
In Ecuador, the Cuaiquer (Awá) Indians inhale the penetrating smell of the fruits and leaves of Siparuna gigantotepala to clear the nasal passages.Siparuna gigantotepala is distinct in the oblong to spatulate tepals that persist in fruit. Similar tepals are elsewhere found in S. cajamarcensis, S. macrotepala, and S. vasqueziana, both from the Amazon basin and with very different indumentum and habit. A species that can be difficult to distinguish from S. gigantotepala, especially when flowers are young and tepals poorly developed, is S. stellulata, which occurs at some of the same localities. Consult our illustrations of both species and, if possible, try to find matching collections with older flowers or fruits.Some specimens of Siparuna gigantotepala possess small mite domatia at the lamina bases.
In Ecuador, the Cuaiquer (Awá) Indians inhale the penetrating smell of the fruits and leaves of Siparuna gigantotepala to clear the nasal passages.Siparuna gigantotepala is distinct in the oblong to spatulate tepals that persist in fruit. Similar tepals are elsewhere found in S. cajamarcensis, S. macrotepala, and S. vasqueziana, both from the Amazon basin and with very different indumentum and habit. A species that can be difficult to distinguish from S. gigantotepala, especially when flowers are young and tepals poorly developed, is S. stellulata, which occurs at some of the same localities. Consult our illustrations of both species and, if possible, try to find matching collections with older flowers or fruits.Some specimens of Siparuna gigantotepala possess small mite domatia at the lamina bases.
Distribution:
Antioquia Colombia South America| Chocó Colombia South America| Nariño Colombia South America| Valle del Cauca Colombia South America| Carchi Ecuador South America| Esmeraldas Ecuador South America|
Antioquia Colombia South America| Chocó Colombia South America| Nariño Colombia South America| Valle del Cauca Colombia South America| Carchi Ecuador South America| Esmeraldas Ecuador South America|
Common Names:
jaboncillo, limón de monte, diablo de monte limón, limón de monte, limón
jaboncillo, limón de monte, diablo de monte limón, limón de monte, limón