Monographs Details:
Family:
Arecaceae
Arecaceae
Description:
Latin Diagnosis - Ab aliis gregi Pyrenoglyphi relatis pinnis utrinsecus 46-60 regulariter dispositis, constanter ordinatis, lineari-bus vel lineari-lanceolatis 45-70 × 2-3 cm, floribus pistillatis annulo staminodiali provisis, necnon fructibus valde con-fertis anguste irregulariter obovoideis atropurpureis 3.5-4.5 × 2-2.5 cm diversa.
Species Description - Stems cespitose, forming small or large clumps, to 8 m tall, 3-5 cm diam., erect or often leaning, spiny on internodes. Leaves 3-10; leaf spines black or brownish, terete, to 10 cm long, dense on sheath, petiole, and rachis; sheath 18-50 cm long, fibrous on margins; ocrea to 30 cm long; petiole 12-74 cm long; rachis 0.9-3 m long; pinnae 46-60 per side, regularly arranged, spreading in the same plane, linear or linear-lanceolate, with small spines on margins, with a metallic sheen on drying; middle pinnae 45-70 × 2-3 cm. Inflorescences interfoliar; peduncle 14-30 cm long, recurved, flattened, not spiny; prophyll 10-22 cm long; peduncular bract 20-40 cm long, moderately covered with black spines to 1.5 cm long; rachis absent; rachilla 1, 12-20 cm long, at anthesis glabrous; triads regularly arranged; staminate flowers 7-10 mm long, persistent; sepal lobes 2.5-4 mm long; petals 7-10 mm long; stamens 6-10; pistillode small or absent; pistillate flowers to 6 mm long; calyx cupular, to 1 mm long; corolla tubular, to 5 mm long; staminodial ring free from the corolla, to 3.5 mm long; fruits 3.5-5.5 × 2-2.5 cm, congested, irregularly and narrowly obovoid, purple-black, sometimes minutely spinulose; mesocarp juicy; endocarp obovoid, the fertile pore displaced longitudinally and latitudinally; endocarp fibers free, numerous, with juice sacs attached; fruiting perianth with small, lobed calyx and much longer, scarcely lobed corolla, with prominent staminodial ring.
Latin Diagnosis - Ab aliis gregi Pyrenoglyphi relatis pinnis utrinsecus 46-60 regulariter dispositis, constanter ordinatis, lineari-bus vel lineari-lanceolatis 45-70 × 2-3 cm, floribus pistillatis annulo staminodiali provisis, necnon fructibus valde con-fertis anguste irregulariter obovoideis atropurpureis 3.5-4.5 × 2-2.5 cm diversa.
Species Description - Stems cespitose, forming small or large clumps, to 8 m tall, 3-5 cm diam., erect or often leaning, spiny on internodes. Leaves 3-10; leaf spines black or brownish, terete, to 10 cm long, dense on sheath, petiole, and rachis; sheath 18-50 cm long, fibrous on margins; ocrea to 30 cm long; petiole 12-74 cm long; rachis 0.9-3 m long; pinnae 46-60 per side, regularly arranged, spreading in the same plane, linear or linear-lanceolate, with small spines on margins, with a metallic sheen on drying; middle pinnae 45-70 × 2-3 cm. Inflorescences interfoliar; peduncle 14-30 cm long, recurved, flattened, not spiny; prophyll 10-22 cm long; peduncular bract 20-40 cm long, moderately covered with black spines to 1.5 cm long; rachis absent; rachilla 1, 12-20 cm long, at anthesis glabrous; triads regularly arranged; staminate flowers 7-10 mm long, persistent; sepal lobes 2.5-4 mm long; petals 7-10 mm long; stamens 6-10; pistillode small or absent; pistillate flowers to 6 mm long; calyx cupular, to 1 mm long; corolla tubular, to 5 mm long; staminodial ring free from the corolla, to 3.5 mm long; fruits 3.5-5.5 × 2-2.5 cm, congested, irregularly and narrowly obovoid, purple-black, sometimes minutely spinulose; mesocarp juicy; endocarp obovoid, the fertile pore displaced longitudinally and latitudinally; endocarp fibers free, numerous, with juice sacs attached; fruiting perianth with small, lobed calyx and much longer, scarcely lobed corolla, with prominent staminodial ring.
Discussion:
Bactris martiana is diagnosed by its 46-60 pinnae per side, regularly arranged, spreading in the same plane, linear or linear-lanceolate, and 45-70 × 2-3 cm, pistillate flowers with a staminodial ring, and congested, irregularly and narrowly obovoid, purple-black fruits 3.5-5.5 × 2-2.5 cm. Henderson (1995) recognized a broadly conceived B. concinna, with three varieties, of which this one was called Bactris concinna var. concinna. Here these are recognized at the specific level. This species is named for Carl von Martius, preeminent student of palms.
Bactris martiana is diagnosed by its 46-60 pinnae per side, regularly arranged, spreading in the same plane, linear or linear-lanceolate, and 45-70 × 2-3 cm, pistillate flowers with a staminodial ring, and congested, irregularly and narrowly obovoid, purple-black fruits 3.5-5.5 × 2-2.5 cm. Henderson (1995) recognized a broadly conceived B. concinna, with three varieties, of which this one was called Bactris concinna var. concinna. Here these are recognized at the specific level. This species is named for Carl von Martius, preeminent student of palms.
Distribution:
Colombia South America| Amazonas Colombia South America| Ecuador South America| Napo Ecuador South America| Sucumbíos Ecuador South America| Peru South America| Cusco Peru South America| Loreto Peru South America| Madre de Dios Peru South America| Brazil South America| Acre Brazil South America| Amazonas Brazil South America|
Colombia South America| Amazonas Colombia South America| Ecuador South America| Napo Ecuador South America| Sucumbíos Ecuador South America| Peru South America| Cusco Peru South America| Loreto Peru South America| Madre de Dios Peru South America| Brazil South America| Acre Brazil South America| Amazonas Brazil South America|