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Term	Definition
Polyporate	Having numerous apertures; e.g., pollen grains.
Polystelic	Referring to a stem with more than one vascular bundle.
Polystemonous	Having many stamens. Same as polyandrous.
Polystichous	Inserted in many series around an axis. Contrast with distichous and tristichous.
Polysymmetric	Same as actinomorphic.
Polysymmetric flower	A flower, capable of being divided, by more than one line passing through the middle of the flower, into two equal parts that are mirror images of one another; e.g., in Gustavia (Lecythidaceae), species of Myrtaceae, and species of Rubiaceae. Same as acinomorphic, radially symmetrical, and regular flowers and opposite of zygomorphic, monosymmetric, bilateral, and irregular flowers. This term can refer to other plant parts as well.
Pome	An indehiscent fleshy fruit consisting of seeds surrounded by the pericarp which is in turn are surrounded by fleshy tissue derived from the hypanthium. This fruit type is found in species of Rosaceae subfam. Maloideae. Because part of the fruit is derived from the hypanthium, i.e. both the ovary and the hypanthium are part of the fruit, a pome is also considered to be a type of accessory fruit.
Pore	A small opening, usually round.
Poricidal anther dehiscence	Referring to anthers that shed their pollen via terminal apertures; e.g., Gustavia spp. (Lecythidaceae) and Solanum spp. (Solanaceae).
Poricidal capsule	A capsule that opens via apical pores, e.g., species of the genus Papaver.
Poricidal dehiscence	Opening via pores; usually applied to anthers that shed their pollen via terminal apertures, e.g., Gustavia spp. (Lecythidaceae) and Solanum spp. (Solanaceae) or to capsular fruits (e.g., species of Papaver).
Poro apical	Abertura localizada en el ápice de una estructura. Por ejemplo, en las flores de algunas especies de Monimiaceae o en las anteras de algunas especies como Gustavia augusta (Lecythidaceae).
Porrect	Directed outward and perpendicular to the surface of origin.
Posterior	On the side toward the axis. Same as adaxial.
Posterior end of flower	In neotropical Lecythidaceae, the side of the flower from which the ligule arises.
Posterior hood extension	An extension from the androecial hood split that gives rise to staminodes and/or vestigial stamens that are swept inward.
Posterior rib	In Araceae, the connate or apparently united portion of the basal veins (those primary veins that join the midrib at the petiole attachment).
Praemorse	With a jagged, irregular apex, appearing as if bitten off; e.g., the apices of the leaflets of Socratea exorrhiza (Arecaceae).
Prairie	A treeless, grass-dominated vegetation found scattered throughout the neotropics.
Predation	Referring to an interaction between two organisms one that lives on and at the expense of another, e.g., an insect larva that eats the embryo of a hickory nut or a species of Loranthaceae taking nutrients from a host plant.
Prickle	A sharp, pointed outgrowth of the epidermis of stems, leaves and other plant parts; e.g., on the trunk and branches of Ceiba pentandra (Bombacaceae) and Jacaratia spinosa (Caricaceae), on the stems of Smilax spp. (Smilacaceae), and on the stems and leaves of many species of Solanum.
Primary hemiepiphyte	Referring to a plant (e.g., Clusia spp. and species of Araceae) that begins its epiphytic life without a connection to the ground but later develops aerial roots that reach the ground.
Primary leaflet	The first division of a compound leaf.
Primary rachis	The main rachis of a compound leaf or a compound inflorescence.
Primary vein	See midrib.
Primary vein	The thickest vein of a leaf (Hickey, 1973)
Primary venation	The largest (in diameter) vein (e.g., in camptodromous venaton) or veins (e.g., in actindodromous venaton) in a leaf blade. Same as midrib.
Priority	A rule stipulated in the International Code of Botanical Nomenclature that states, all other things being equal, that a name published before another name for the same species is the correct name, i.e., it is the valid name.
Pro parte	A Latin word meaning in part, usually referring to a situation in which only part of a taxon possesses a given feature; often abbreviated as p.p.
Proboscis	The slender, tubular, feeding structure of some insects; often used to reach nectar in the act of pollination or to prey upon plants.
Proliferous	Producing offshoots or buds capable of forming other plants.
Prominent (diminuitive = prominulous)	Raised above the surface; e.g., the veins of a leaf or a seed.
Prominent (diminutive = prominulous)	Raised above the surface; e.g., the veins of a leaf.
Prop roots	Aerial, densely packed, adventitious roots that are circular in transverse section. Prop roots do not allow light to be seen through them whereas stilt roots do.
Propagule	Same as diaspore.
Propágulo	Equivalente a diáspora
Prophyll	In monocots, the first leaf produced on a branch and located between the branch and the main axis; often two-keeled.
Prostoma (plural = prostomata)	An indented and/or membranous area through which plant-associated ants bore into the hollow chambers of the trunks and stems; e.g., in many species of Cecropia (Cecropiaceae).
Prostrate	Creeping flat along the ground, usually referring to stems growing along the ground that produce roots at their nodes. Same as repent.
Protandry (protandrous)	Referring to a flower in which the pollen is shed before the stigma is receptive. Sometimes called proterandry (proterandrous).
Proteoid roots	In the Proteaceae, small, lateral roots of limited growth that form dense clusters on “ordinary” roots.
Proterandro	Se refiere a una flor en la que el polen es liberado antes de que el estigma se torne receptivo. Comparar con proterógino.
Proterógino	Se refiere a una flor en la que el estigma es receptivo antes de la liberación del polen. Comparar con proterandro.
Prothallus (plural = prothalli)	The structure representing that part of a fern's life cycle between the germination of the haploid spore and the formation of the zygote. Fern prothalli are small, green, often heart-shaped, and bear the archegonia and antheridia where the egg and sperm are produced, respectively.This is the gametophyte generation of ferns and is completely independent of the sporophyte generation. Only those who know what they are looking for can find prothalli because they are small and hidden among the debris on the ground.
Protogyny (protogynous)	Referring to a flower in which the stigma is receptive before the pollen is shed. Sometimes called proterogyny (proterogynous).
Protologue	A scientic publication in which a new species is described or a scientific publication in which more than one new species are described, in the latter case each of the descriptions is the protologue of the new species.
Proximal	Near to the place of attachment. Opposite of distal. Same as basal.
Proximal	The part of an organ closest its the point of attachment.
Pruinose	Having a bloom or whitish cast on the surface.
Pseudanthium (plural = pseudanthia)	A false flower; e.g., the inflorescence of species of Asteraceae and Dalechampia (Euphorbiaceae).
Pseudaril	In Burseraceae, soft aril-like tissue that covers part or all of the pyrene and attracts dispersal agents.
Pseudo-	A prefix meaning false.
Pseudobulb	In Orchidaceae, a specially modified stem that is variously swollen and stores food and water. Pseudobulbs are common in epiphytic but are lacking in terrestrial species.
Pseudobulbo	En Orchidaceae, es un tallo modificado, engrosado o hinchado de varias formas, especializado para almacenar alimento y agua. Los pseudobulbos son comunes en las plantas epífitas, pero las plantas terrestres no los tienen.
Pseudocarp	Several small "fruits" surrounded by accompanying parts, such as that of Siparuna (Siparunaceae), in which the separate carpels are surrounded by a fleshy hypanthium, or the syconia of figs in which the the achenes are surrounded by hollow stem ends.
Pseudocopulation	A form of mimicry is displayed by some part of the flower, most commonly the lip in Orchidaceae, that leads to a form of pollination in which a deceived pollinator attempts to copulate with the flower and in the process unwittingly removes the pollinia and carries it to another flower, thereby effecting pollination.
Pseudodisc	In some Menispermaceae, the button-shaped fleshy whorl of petals.
Pseudofruto	Órgano vegetal que no es un fruto, pero cuya apariencia es como la de un fruto. Por ejemplo, el pedicelo hinchado de Anacardium. Lo mismo que falso fruto. Técnicamente se lo conoce como hipocarpo.
Pseudomonomerous	Referring to a structure that appears to consist of one unit but has been derived from the fusion of more than one unit; e.g., a gynoecia with one locule derived from more than one carpel and with no obvious indication that it was derived from more than one carpel.
Pseudomonopodial	Referring to a plant having a primary stem with sympodial growth and secondary stems with monopodial growth.
Pseudopetiole	The narrowed portion of the leaf located between the ligule(s) and the blade in many Bambuseae, in other Poaceae such as Pharus, and in some Cyperaceae.
Pseudoraceme	A raceme of 1-flowered cincinni.
Pseudospikelet	A group of indeterminate, spikeletlike structures that develop from buds, are subtended by glumelike, sterile bracts, and are found in some Bambuseae and a few other Poaceae.
Pseudostaminodia (singular = pseudostaminodium)	In the Amaranthaceae, referring to sterile, filamentous, entire to fimbriate processes as long as or longer than the stamens and alternating with them.
Pseudostem	The apparent stem of Musa (Musaceae), Phenakospermum (Strelitziaceae), and some other monocots which is actually a cylinder formed by overlapping leaf bases.
Pseudostipule	A leaf (e.g., in some species of Aristolochiaceae) or leaflet (e.g., in some species of Trichilia, Meliaceae) that resembles a stipule; in some Bignoniaceae, a bud scale derived from the axillary buds that resembles a stipule.
Pseudosyncarpous	In the Annonaceae, referring to fruits in which the carpels seem to be connate, but in reality are free or almost free (e.g., species of Duguetia in the Annonaceae).
Pterophyll	Expanded sepal (usually white or green) of some Rubiaceae that usually are expanded fully after anthesis and aid in wind dispersal.
Ptyxis	Referring to the way a leaf is folded within a bud.
Puberulent, puberulous	Minutely pubescent.
Pubescence (adjective = pubescent)	Referring to plants with some or all of their parts covered with trichomes.
Pubescencia	Una cubierta de pelos en una planta u órgano vegetal
Pubescente	Se refiere a las plantas o algún órgano en particular, cuando está cubierto por tricomas cortos y suaves
Pulverulent	Appearing dusty or powdery.
Pulvinate	Possessing pulvini.

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