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Term	Definition
Leaf venation brochidodromous	Referring to a type of leaf venation in which the secondary veins do not terminate at the margin but join to form a series of prominent arches that form a submarginal nerve; for example, in many Myrtaceae. Based on Hickey, 1973. For more information about leaf venation see Ellis et al, 2009.
Leaf venation brochidodromous	Secondaries joined together in a series of prominent arches. Based on Hickey, 1973. For more information abouit leaf venation see Ellis et al, 2009.
Leaf venation brochidodromous festooned	Referring to a type of leaf venation in which the secondary veins do not terminate at the margin but join to form a series of prominent arches that form a submarginal nerve and, in addtion, the secondary veins possess closed loops toward their apices. Based on Hickey, 1973. For more information about leaf venation see Ellis et al, 2009.
Leaf venation camptodromous	Referring to a type of leaf venation in which the secondary veins do not terminate at the margin; in one type each secondary vein connects with the seconday vein above it (brochidodromous) and in the other type the secondary veins do not connect with the secondary vein above it (eucamtodromous). Based on Hickey, 1973. For more information about leaf venation see Ellis et al, 2009.
Leaf venation camptodromous	A type of leaf venation in which the secondary veins do not terminate at the margens
Leaf venation campylodromous	Referring to a type of leaf venation in which a series of more or less equal primary veins originate from a common point at the base, arch upward, and reunite toward the apex; e.g., species of Aristolochia (Aristolochiaceae).
Leaf venation cladodromous	Referring to a type of leaf venation in which the secondary veins branch freely before they reach the margin. Based on Hickey, 1973. For more information about leaf venation see Ellis et al, 2009.
Leaf venation eucamptodromous	Referring to a type of leaf venation in which the secondary veins do not reach the margin and do not form a series of prominent arches. Based on Hickey, 1973. For more information about leaf venation see Ellis et al, 2009.
Leaf venation eucamptodromous	Secondaries upturned and gradually diminishing apically inside the margin but not connecting to the secondary above it. Based on (Hickey, 1973. For more information about leaf venation see Ellis et al. (2009).
Leaf venation flabellate	Referring to leaf venation with several to many fine basal veins that spread out from the base like a fan and divide somewhat toward the apex. Based on Ellis et al., 2009.
Leaf venation hyphodromous	Referring to a leaf blade with all but the midvein absent or not visible because the leaf blade is too fleshy for them to be seen.
Leaf venation imperfect acrodromous	Referring to a type of leaf venation in which two or more primary or strongly developed secondary veins arch upward from or above the base and do not converge at the apex. Based on Hickey, 1973. For more information about leaf venation see Ellis et al, 2009.
Leaf venation mixed craspedodromous	Referring to a type of leaf venation in which some of the secondary veins terminate at the leaf margins and the remainder of the secondary veins do not, e.g. half of the secondary veins are craspedodromous and the other half camptodromous.
Leaf venation perfect acrodromous	Referring to a type of leaf venation in which two or more primary or strongly developed secondary veins arch upward from the base or above the base and converge near the apex. Based on Hickey, 1973. For more information about leaf venation see Ellis et al, 2009.
Leaf venation reticulodromous	Referring to a leaf venation type in which the secondary veins form a network of veins soon after departing from the midrib. Based on Hickey, 1973. For more information about leaf venation see Ellis et al, 2009.
Leaf venation simple craspedodromous	Referring to a type of leaf venation in which all of the secondary veins terminate at the leaf margins.
Leaf venation suprabasal acrodromous	Referring to a type of leaf venation in which two or more primary or strongly developed secondary veins arch upward from above the base. Based on Hickey, 1973. For more information about leaf venation see Ellis et al, 2009.
Leaf venation suprabasal actinodromous	Referring to a type of leaf venation in which three or more primary veins diverge radially from a single point above the point of attachment of the petiole.
Leaflet	A division of a compound leaf.
Leaflets alternate	Leaflets not placed along the rachis of a pinnately compound leaf directly opposite one another.
Leaflets opposite	Referring to leaflets placed along the rachis directly opposite of one another.
Leafstalk	In legumes, the main axis of the leaf from its attachment to its apex; i.e., the petiole plus the rachis.
Legume	A fruit that is derived from a single carpel, dehisces along two sutures, and is usually dry and several-seeded. Although most species of the legume family possess legumes, a number of them do not (e.g., species of Andira).
Legume family	Informally, a member of the legume family sensu lato (Fabaceae). Some species of legumes are indehiscent.
Lemma	The lower of the two bracts that enclose the floret of the Poaceae, located above the glumes. Compare with palea.
Lenticel	A spongy area in the bark of roots, trunks, and stems and the pericarp of fruits that allows the interchange of gases. Lenticels are the equivalent of stomates in leaves.
Lenticel (adj. = lenticellate)	A spongy area in the bark of roots, trunks, and stems that allows the interchange of gases with the environment.
Lenticellate	Possessing lenticels.
Lenticellate	Possessing lenticels.
Lenticular	Lens-shaped.
Lepanthiform	Referring to tubular sheaths of leaves in the Orchidaceae that are flared and usually ciliate at the apex.
Lepidoptera	The order of insects including the butterflies and moths, as adults these insects are often pollinations of flowering plants and as junveniles they are often predators of plants.
Lepidopylls	Scalelike leaves found at the apical meristems of stems and rhizomes of Gunneraceae.
Lepidote	Covered with small, peltate scales.
Leprose	See scurfy.
Leptocaul	A type of growth form in which the tree is branched many times and the stems and leaves are not unusually large.
Leptocaul (leptocaulous)	A type of growth form in which the tree is branched many times and the stems and leaves are not unusually large. Most trees on the Osa have this type of growth form.
Leptocaule	Forma de crecimiento en la que el árbol tiene muchas ramificaciones y los tallos y hojas usualmente no son muy grandes. La mayoría de los árboles de Osa tienen esta forma de crecimiento
Liana	Planta trepadora leñosa. Comparar con trepadora herbácea
Liana	A woody climbing plant. Same as woody climber; compare with vine.
Libre	Se refiere a las partes de un mismo órgano que no están fusionadas entre sí; por ejemplo, cuando los pétalos están separados se dice que son libres
Lignified	Transformed into wood.
Lignin (ligneous)	A complex component of wood and of all vascular plant cells (woody).
Lígula	Órgano loriforme; por ejemplo, la lámina de la corola de una flor radial de algunas Asteraceae; la estructura interna en la vaina de las hojas de Cyperaceae, Poaceae y Zingiberaceae; la estructura que se encuentra en los pétalos de algunas Bromeliaceae; la estructura que se encuentra en la corona de algunas Apocynaceae; o la estructura del androceo de las flores zigomorfas de Lecythidaceae
Lígula enrollada	Se refiere a la lígula de las Lecythidaceae que está enrollada una hasta varias veces hacia la parte interior. En especies con lígulas enrolladas, la parte enrollada que porta los estambres rudimentarios se denomina la capucha del androceo. Especies de Eschweilera y Couratari son las únicas que poseen lígulas enrolladas y nectarios hipotéticamente derivados de los estambres vestigiales
Lígula no enrollada	Se refiere a la lígula de las Lecythidaceae que no está enrollada hacia el interior. En la Península de Osa, este tipo de lígula solamente se conoce en Lecythis mesophylla. Esta especie presenta estambres rudimentarios dirigidos hacia el interior, pero su lígula no se encuentra enrollada hacia el interior, como sucede en las especies de Eschweilera y Couratari. En L. mesophylla, la capucha es la parte de la lígula que porta los estambres rudimentarios.
Ligular sulcus	A groove or furrow close to the point where the androecial hood begins, i.e., between the appendix-free ligule and the androecial hood.
Ligulate	Furnished with a ligule.
Ligulate capitulum (head)	Inflorescence of Asteraceae with only ligulate flowers.
Ligulate flower	A zygomorphic flower with a straplike corolla found in the Asteraceae tribe Lactuceae. Differring from a ray flower by having five instead of three lobes.
Ligule	A prolongation of the staminal ring from the abaxial side of a flower (Tsou & Mori, 2007) in zygomorphic-flowered species of Lecythidaceae.
Ligule	Ligules are strap-like structures that can arise from different structures; for example, the ligule of a species of Bromeliaceae arises from petals; whereas that of a grass arises at the juncture of the blade sheath and the leaf blade and the ligule of a flower of Lecythidaceae arises from fusion of stamens.
Ligule arched	The ligule departs from the staminal ring and is curved for its entire length or, in other words the ligule curves downward from the middle to both its attachment to the staminal ring and to its distal end.
Ligule coiled	Referring to a ligule of Lecythidaceae that coils inward one or more times. In species with coiled ligules, the coiled part with the vestigial stamens is called the androecial hood. Species of Eschweilera and Couratari are the only species that have coiled ligules and they are the only species that have nectaries hypothesized to be derived from vestigial stamens.
Ligule flat	A ligule that arches at its departure from the staminal ring and then levels off, in other words the part that is flat is the part that covers the summit of the ovary which also equals the androecial hood.
Ligule not coiled	Referring to a ligule of Lecythidaceae that does not make a full coil inward. On the Osa Peninsula only Lecythis mesophylla is known to have this type of ligule. It does, however, have vestigial stamens that are swept inward but they do not form a complete coils as found in species of Eschweilera and Couratari. In L. mesophylla, the hood is the part of the ligule that possesses vestigial stamens.
Ligule undulate	A liguler that is similar to flat but is undulate along its length. The most important feature of this ligule shape is that the ligule is not undulate for its entire length.
Ligule: Couroupita nicaraguarensis-Type	The androecium is prolonged from one side of the staminal ring into a ligule that is covered with stamens and staminodes without interruption from the staminal ring to the apex of the ligule, i.e., there is no appendage free ligule and there is no well-differentiated hood. There is, however, a progressive increase in staminodes from the staminal ring to the end of the ligule such that all appendages in the staminal ring are stamens and most appendages at the end of the ligule are staminodes. There are no antherless appendages on the ligule.
Liliopsida	The scientific name of the class of vascular plants, also known as the monocotyledons, that produce embryos and seedlings with a single cotyledon,.
Limb	See blade.
Limen	In some Passifloraceae, a ring or a cup-shaped membrane more or less closely surrounding the base of the gynophore.
Line of opercular dehiscence	A circular sulcus around the summit of the ovary which indicates the place where the operculum will fall from the base of the fruit.
Linear	Con forma de línea. Se refiere a la forma de una lámina de una hoja, sépalo o pétalo cuando es muy alargada, angosta y cuya relación longitud/ancho es 10:1 o más
Linear	Referring to a two dimensional shape in which the greatest width extends throughout a middle zone at least one-third the length of the blade (in this zone the margins are more-or-less parallel) and the length to width ratio is 10:1 or more.
Linguliform, ligulate	Tongue-shaped.
Linnaeus	A Swedish botanist, zoologist, and physician who is credited with the system of binomial nomenclature. In 1753, he published Systema Plantarum, a way of naming plants considered to be the starting point of botanical nomenclature.
Lip	The median petal of Orchidaceae which is usually highly modified and different from the two lateral petals, the lip of orchids often plays a crucial role in the plant's pollination; one of the two divisions of a bilabiate corolla, e.g., in the Lamiaceae.
Liso	Se refiere a una superficie plana, sin estructuras irregulares (tubérculos, costas, alas o sulcos)
Lithophyte	A plant growing on rocks.
Litófita	Se refiere a plantas que crecen sobre rocas. Igual a epilítica
Litter Score	0-5 scale of % organic litter present compared to an "ideal" state, and the % of that litter that is from non-native species
Liverwort life cycle	Referring to the alternation of generations between the gameophyte (haploid) and sporophyte (diploid) stages of a liverwort. The most conspicuous stage of the life cycle is the gametophyte generation whereas the sportophyte generation is small and inconspicuous.
Llanos	A Spanish term referring to large expanses of plains found mostly in Colombia and Venezuela.
lobe (lobed, lobate)	A rounded projection arising from the margin or base of two dimensional structures such as leaves and bracts.
Lobulate	Lobed.

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