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Diadelphous stamens
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Stamens united into two, often unequal, sets; e.g., those of many Fabaceae, which have nine stamens in one set and one stamen in the other. |
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Dialisépalo
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Se refiere al cáliz que posee los sépalos libres. Opuesto a gamosépalo |
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Diapause
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A temporary pause in the development of an organism, especially an insect. |
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Diaphanous
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Translucent. |
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Diáspora
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Se refiere a la unidad dispersada de una planta; por ejemplo, un fruto entero o una semilla. |
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Diaspore
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Referring to the dispersal unit of a plant (e.g., the inflorescence, part of an inflorescence, the fruit, part of a fruit, or a seed). |
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Dichasial cyme
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A determinate inflorescence in which growth of the central axis is terminated by a flower that opens first and each pair of branches subtending this flower then is terminated by a single flower. |
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Dichogamy (dichogamous)
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Referring to a flower in which pollen is released and stigmas are receptive at different times. |
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Dichotomous growth
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In morphology, a axis that successively forks into two more or less equal parts. |
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Dichotomous key
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A dichotomous key aids in the identification of a family, genus, or species by progressively giving choices based on different states of a character (e.g., leaf complexity with the character states being leaves simple or leaves compound). A series of similar questions eventually leads to a possible identification of the plant in hand but this should be confirmed by reading descriptions, comparing with collections in a herbarium, or with images from various sources (e.g., Google images). If a monograph or flora exists for the group it is identified as they can be consulted to confirm the determination. |
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Diclesiuim
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A type of indehiscent anthocarp in which the perianth encloses or is accrescent around the pericarp and aids in dispersal. |
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Diclesium (pl. = diclesia)
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An indehiscent fruit (often an achene) surrounded by a free but persistent perianth. |
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Dicliny (diclinous)
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Referring to species with separate staminate and pistillate flowers. Dioecious and monoecious plants are examples of diclinous plants. Compare with monocliny. |
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Dicógama, dicógamo
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Se refiere a una flor en la que los estigmas son receptivos y el polen les liberado en diferentes momentos. Ver proterandro y proterógino. |
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Dicotyledon (dicot)
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One of the two main groups of angiosperms usually characterized by having two cotyledons, net-veined leaves, and flower parts generally in fours or fives. In the classification of Cronquist (1981), this class is called Magnoliopsida. Dicotyledons are not monophyletic in the classfication system of the APG. |
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Didynamous stamens
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With two pairs of stamens of unequal length. |
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Differentiated anthers
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Referring to anthers that bear two types of pollen: 1) fertile pollen that is transferred to other flowers to effect fertilization and 2) sterile (= fodder) pollen that serves as a pollinator reward. The two types of pollen may differ in their ability to germinate, in their color (fodder pollen is often yellow), and in their morphology (e.g., the fertile anthers of Couroupita guianensis are in monads and the sterile ones are in tetrads), and their location (e. g., the fertile anthers are near the stigma and the sterile ones are in a group separate from the stigma in many species of Swartzia. |
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Differentiated pollen
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Same as fodder pollen. |
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Diffuse roots
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A root system that consists of many more-or-less branches of equal sizes, i.e., there is no taproot. |
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Digging tools
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Tools used to dig up the underground parts of plants. These kinds of tools, which can be purchased in hardware stores anywhere, come in all shapes and forms but we prefer the dandelion digger shown in the upper part of this image. For more information about plant collecting see Tropical Plant Collecting: From the Filed to the Internet. This book can be purchased at: http://tecceditora.com/ or Amazon.com. |
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Digitate
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Arranged as fingers on a hand; in the Cyperaceae and Poaceae, referring to such an arrangement of spicate branches of an inflorescence; for application to leaves, see palmate. |
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Dilated
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Spread out or expanded, e.g., the base of a filament in relation to the more constricted apex. |
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Dimidiate
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Divided into two halves such that the smaller half is almost lacking; e.g., the leaflet blades of Dimorphandra (Fabaceae). |
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Dimorphic
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Occurring in two forms; e.g., in the Mimosaceae, different flower shapes in the same inflorescence. Compare with heteromorphic and monomorphic. |
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Dioecy (dioecious)
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Describing a sexual condition of a species that bears only functionally staminate flowers on some plants and only functionally pistillate flowers on other plants. Compare with monoecious. |
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Diplochory
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Seed dispersal in two different ways, e.g., a seed is eaten by a monkey and then is moved further by ants carrying it away from the monkey's dung. |
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Diploid
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Having two sets of chromosomes; e.g., a plant with a diploid chromosome number of 2n = 24 has two sets of 12 each (one from the paternal and the other from the maternal parent). |
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Diplostemony (diplostemonous)
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With two series of stamens; those of the outer series inserted opposite the sepals, those of the inner series inserted opposite the petals. Compare with obdiplostemonous. Diplostemony is sometimes very difficult to determine in flowers at anthesis but becomes apparent with microtome and SEM studies of bud development of obdiplostemony which is also applicable to diplostemony (Endress, 2010). |
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Diptera
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The order of insects that includes the flies. Some dipterans serve as pollinators. |
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Disc
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A fleshy, lobed, or annular nectariferous structure found within flowers; the position can be either outside or within the stamens. Preffered spelling is disc. Not to be confused with disk flower in the Asteraceae. |
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Disciform capitulum (head)
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An inflorescence of Asteraceae with only disk flowers. |
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Discoid
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In the shape of a thin, flat, circular plate. |
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Discoid capitulum (head)
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Inflorescence of Asteraceae with only disk flowers. Same as disciform capitulum. |
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Discolor (adj. = dicolorous)
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When two sides of an organ, such as a leaf blade, are different colors. |
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Discolor (adj. = discolorous)
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When two sides of an organ, such as a leaf blade, are different colors. |
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Discolor (adj. = discolorous)
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When two sides of an organ, such as a leaf blade, are different colors. |
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Disjunct
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Having two or more populations of a species widely separated from one another, e.g., Galinsoga parviflora is disjunct between temperate North America and South America. |
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Disk flower
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An actinomorphic flower with a tubular corolla found in Asteraceae. Compare with ray flower. |
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Disozoocórea, disozoocóreo
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Tipo de dispersión secundaria de las semillas en la que algunas de las diásporas son llevadas e intencionalmente enterradas o almacenadas por animales dispersores-acumuladores como agoutis (Dasyprocta spp.), mientras que las otras diásporas son comidas y digeridas; por ejemplo, en la dispersión de la nuez de Brasil por los agoutis. Ver dispersor-acumulador. |
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Dispersal (disperse)
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The transport of fruits, parts of fruits, or seeds away from a parent plant by agents such as water, wind, bats, other mammals, ants, scarab beetles, etc. The act of dispersing a diasporte. |
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Dispersión balística
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Tipo de dispersión en la que las semillas son expulsadas del fruto durante en dehiscencia. |
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Dispersión por viento
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Se refiere al modo en que el polen, semillas y frutos son dispersados desde la planta madre con la ayuda del viento. Los tipos más comunes de plantas dispersadas por el viento son aquellas que poseen frutos y semillas alados o semillas comosas |
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Dispersor-acumulador
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Tipo de dispersión secundaria de las semillas en la que algunas de las diásporas son llevadas e intencionalmente enterradas o almacenadas por animales dispersores-acumuladores como agoutis (Dasyprocta spp.), mientras que las otras diásporas son comidas y digeridas; por ejemplo, en la dispersión de la nuez de Brasil por los agoutis. Ver disozoocórea, disozoocóreo. |
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Dissepiment
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See septum. |
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Distal
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Remote from the place of attachment. Opposite of proximal. Same as apical. |
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Distal
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The part of an organ furthest away from the point of attachment. |
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Distance to Core Score
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0-5 scale of how close the site is to the nearest 50 hectare core-area of natural habitat |
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Distichous
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Referring to structures that are arranged in two rows; usually referring to the way in which leaves or bracts are inserted on an axis. Same as two-ranked. |
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Dístico
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En dos hileras, en un mismo plano y de manera alterna. Este término generalmente se aplica a la disposición de las hojas a lo largo de una rama o al de las brácteas a lo largo de un eje. |
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Distinct
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Referring to parts of the same organ not fused with one another; e.g., separate petals are said to be distinct. Compare with free. |
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