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Axile placentation
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A type of ovule arrangement in which the ovules arise from placental tissue derived from the apices of the septa of a locule. In this type of placentation the apices of the septa are fused or in very close proximity to one another. |
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Banner
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The upper, broad petal of Fabaceae. Same as standard, banner, and vexillum with standard the preferred term. |
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Basal placentation
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A type of placentation in which the ovules arise from the base of the locule. |
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Bilabiate
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Two-lipped, usually referring to zygomorphic calyces and corollas such as those found in the Lamiaceae. |
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Bilaterally symmetrical flower
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A flower capable of being divided into only two equal parts (mirror images) by a line passing through the middle of a flower, i.e., other lines passing the middle of the flower will not give mirror images of one another; same as zygomorphic, monosymmetric, and irregular flowers and opposite of actinomorphic, monosymmetric, radially symmetrical, and regular flowers. This term can refer to other plant parts as well. |
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Bilocular
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Having two locules. |
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Binucleate pollen
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Referring to pollen grains that have two nuclei when shed from the anthers. Compare with trinucleate pollen. |
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Biseriate perianth
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Referring to a perianth with two whorls or rows; i. e. with both calyx and corolla. Compare with uniseriate. |
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Bisexual flower
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Referring to a flower with a functional androecium and a functional gynoecium. Same as perfect. |
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Bracteole
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A small bract usually inserted on the pedicel. |
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Bracteoles above articulation
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Bracteoles inserted above the articulation in the pedicel/hypanthium continuum of Lecythidaceae. |
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Bracteoles below articulation
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Bracteoles inserted below the articulation in the pedicel/hypanthium continuum of Lecythidaceae. |
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Callus
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A thickened part of an organ; e.g., in some Orchidaceae, the fleshy outgrowth of the labellum, or in the Poaceae, the hardened base of the spikelet or floret just above the point of disarticulation. |
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Calycine
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Belonging to the calyx; e.g., in species of Lecythidaceae, the calycine rim, or line of scars left by the calyx. |
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Calyx (plural = calyces)
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The outer circle or first whorl of floral parts; a collective term for the sepals. |
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Calyx tube
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In a gamosepalous calyx, the lower fused part; less commonly, in Ericaceae with inferior ovaries, the proximal portion of the calyx fused with the ovary wall which is the same as hypanthium in other flowering plants. |
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Calyx-lobe
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Similar to sepal but used to describe the lobe of a calyx with the sepals fused at their bases and with free lobes at the apex; less frequenly to describe species of some families that have inferior ovaries with the lower part of the calyx hypothesized to be fused to the ovary at the base but with free lobes departing from the apex of the ovary. |
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Carpel
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The fundamental unit of the gynoecium, often considered to be a folded, specialized leaf. |
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Carpellate flower
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Referring to unisexual flowers with functional gynoecia but without functional stamens (staminodes may be present). Same as female or carpellate flowers. |
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Caudical
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In some species of Orchidaceae, an extension of the pollinium which is part of the pollen mass and produced within the anther. |
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Caudicle
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See translator. |
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Choripetalous corolla
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Haviing petals free from one another. Same as polypetalous; opposite of gamopetalous and sympetalous. |
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Clavuncle
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The expanded distal part of the style, including the stigma, in some species of Apocynaceae. Same as style head. |
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Clinandrium
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In the Orchidaceae, the portion of the column upon which the anther is borne; the columnar tissue surrounding or covering the anther. |
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Coiled pedicel
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A pedicel that coils like a spring after the fruits start to form, a mechanism found in a few species of plants and functions to bring the fruits closer to the ground, presumably to make it easier for animals to disperse the seeds. |
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