Agrimonia microcarpa Wallr.
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Authority
Kline, Genevieve J. & Sørensen, Paul D. 2008. A revision of
(Rosaceae) in North and Central America. -
Family
Rosaceae
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Scientific Name
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Description
Species Description - Herbaceous perennial 5-11 dm. Roots fibrous and with fusiform thickened tubers. Stems pubescent to villous and hirsute, the stiff hairs scattered, erect and 2-4 mm long. Stipules more or less half-ovate, deeply incised with few teeth along entire margin; the largest 0.7-2.9 x 0.4- 1.9 cm. Major leaflets three to nine [mid-cauline 5-(7)], obovate to narrowly obovate to elliptic, the apex obtuse to acute; abaxial leaflet surface pubescent to pilose and hirsute, the stiff hairs scattered, 1-2 mm long, and very rarely with sessile, glistening glandular hairs; the terminal leaflet the largest, the largest of these 2.9- 7.7 x 1.7-3.7 cm; minor leaflets 0-1 pair. Inflorescence rachis pubescent to villous and hirsute, the stiff hairs erect below, about 2 mm long, to ascending, about 1 mm long above. Flowers numbering to 50 on each raceme, alternate; sepals 1.5-2.3 x 0.6-1.2 mm, apex acute; petals 2.2-3.3 x 1-1.8 mm. Mature fruiting hypanthium broadly obconic to broadly turbinate, usually deeply sulcate, with hooked bristles in 2-3 rows, the lowermost spread 450 to 900 (often pressed upward on herbarium specimens); hypanthium surface short stalked and/or sessile, glistening glandular-haired, grooves strigose, ridges rarely with eglandular hairs, sepal bases sometimes sparsely hirsute. Mature reflexed fruit with hypanthia 2.2-4 x 2.3-4.6 mm.
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Discussion
Type: United States. South Carolina: Cherokee Co., on the access rd. to Kings Cr. at the int[ersection], floodplain of Kings Cr., 11 Oct 1993, D. Kennemore, Jr 1174 (typ. cons. prop., designated by Kline & Sorensen, 2007: USCH
Agrimonia pumila Muhl. ex E. P. Bicknell. Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 23: 514-515. 1896. Type: United States. Florida: without precise locality, [1878-1895], Chapman s.n (lectotype, here designated: NY)
Phenology: Flowering from late July to September
Selected specimens examined. UNITED STATES. ALABAMA: Clarke Co., by US 43, 6 miles S of Thomas- ville School, 5 Sep 1970, Kral 41123 (MO, UNA, VDB). ARKANSAS: Union Co., Carl Amason's property beside road S of Calion and Calion Lake and E of US 167, Sect. 21, T16S, R14W, 7 Oct 1988, Thomas et al., 107870 (NLU). FLORIDA: Alachua Co., ca. 10 miles NW of Gainesville, Sect. 12-13, T9S, R18E, 24 Oct 1965, Ward 5437 (VDB). GEORGIA: without precise location, [1833- 1834], Beyrich s.n., right plant on sheet (MO); Seminole Co., Lake Seminole Wildlife Management Area, NNW of Jim Woodruff Dam and E of Chattahoochee River part of Lake Seminole, 26 Aug 1982, Coile et al. 3132 (GA) Louisiana: Rapides Parish, Kisatchie National Forest, S of LA 488 besides USFS 231A at old magnolia Nature Trail and Campground, 8 OCt 1977, Thomas et al. 55952 (NLU). Mississippo: Perry Co., Camp Shelby Military Reserve, Training Area 11, 1.1 miles W of MS Hwy. 29 on S side of De Soto National Forest Rd. 36000, Sect. 36, T3N, R11W, 5 Oct 1996. Leonard 9652 (DEK). New Jersey: without precise locality, [before 1850], Bernhardi Herbarium (MO). NOrth Carolina: Cabarrus CO., 1 mile W of Cabarrus - Stanly Co. Line on NC 49 and 1.7 miles W of Gold Hill Rd., 23 Sept 1956, Ahles & Leisner 19583 (NCU) OKLAHOMA: McCurtain Co., 1 mile SE of Bethel, 20 Aug 1981, Magrath 11999 (OCLA). PENNSYLVANIA: "Philada", [before 1850], Bernhardi Herbarium (MO). SouTH CAROLINA: Newberry Co., E side of SC Hwy. 32 at drainage of Indian Cr. 4.9 miles S. of Eison Crossroads, 3 Aug 1984, Nelson 3586 (USCH). TENNESSEE: Hardin Co., ca. 15 miles SE of Savannah, streambank along county rd. running S from TN 69, 5 Aug 1969, Kral 36146 (VDB). TEXAS: Jasper Co., park, old hwy. ca. 2 miles S of Jasper, 30 Oct 1969, Correll & Correll 38248-A (LL). VIRGINIA: Nottoway Co., 0.25 mile N of Nottoway River bridge off Hwy. 723, 6 Aug 1968, Ramsey et al. 11030 (NLU).
Agrimonia microcarpa has been recognized as a distinct species or as a variety A. pubescens (Ahles, 1964). Both taxa share the same types and distribution of hairs, have flowers alternate on the inflorescence rachis and tuberous roots. All plants of A. micro- carpa and some plants of A. pubescens have mid-cauline leaves with five to seven obovate to narrowly elliptic major leaflets interspersed with zero to one minor pair. We found specimens from the southeastern United States to consistently have deeply incised stipules, mature fruiting hypanthia as broad or broader than long only rarely with eglandular hairs on the ridges, and stems with hirsute hairs 3-4 mm long. Specimens from other parts of the United States and Ontario, Canada, with the same leaflet number, shape, and size did not consistently exhibit these three characteristics together
We believe the consistency of stipule shape and mature fruiting hypanthium shape and vestiture over a distinct and nearly separate geographical range warrants maintaining species rank for A. microcarpa
In the protologue of Agrimonia microcarpa (Wallroth, 1842, p. 39) three collections of A. parviflora auct. are cited as the basis for the taxon: Moser [s.n.], Beyrich [s.n.], and Schiede [587]. Skalickk (1973, p. 97-98) emended the description to exclude the collection of Schiede near Jalapa, which he identifies as A. pringlei Rydb., citing Schiede & Deppe 587 (W, HALL). We have examined Shiede & Deppe, s.n. (BM) and Schiede & Deppe 587 (W) and concur (also see Rydberg, 1914, p. 393). Skalicka further designated as lectotype for A. microcarpa Wallr. the Moser s.n. collection After examining both specimens of this collection, we identified them as A. pubescens. Although we discovered a specimen at MO without fertile material that we identified as A microcarpa and believe to be original material collected by Beyrich in Georgia, a new lectotype cannot be designated as both the Beyrich and Moser collections are of equal standing and conform to the protologue. As Skalicka's lectotypification places the name A microcarpa as a synonym of A. pubescens, we have proposed conserving the name Agrimonia microcarpa Wallr. with a conserved type [Kline & Sorensen, 2007] for this taxon. If this proposal is not accepted, Agrimonia pumila Muhl. ex E. P. Bicknell would have to be re-established for the species. We have selected a lectotype for this name from the specimens at NY that Bicknell examined for his description.
Although the leaves of Agrimonia micro carpa are often similar in appearance to those of A. rostellata (see Fig. 1) and both have tuberous roots, the latter species is merely hirsute with sessile, glistening glandular hairs as well as short stalked ones, often nearly glabrate, and with hemispherical mature fruiting hypanthia. Material with mature reflexed fruit may be necessary to distinguish unequivocally A. microcarpa from those plants of A. pubescens with five, obovate mid-cauline major leaflets and with only one pair of minor leaflets between the major leaflet pairs.
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Distribution
Agrimonia micro carpa occurs within the mid to southeastern coastal region of the United States a very occasionally within adjacent areas, most frequently in mesic sites of open deciduous and mixed woods to 600m elevation (fig.3). We believe better documentation of present population sites across its range is desirable to determine the eligibility of this species to be listed as federally threatened.
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