Jubelina magnifica W.R.Anderson
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Authority
Maguire, Bassett. 1978. The botany of the Guayana Highland--part XI. Mem. New York Bot. Gard. 32: 1-391.
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Family
Malpighiaceae
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Scientific Name
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Description
Latin Diagnosis - Liana lignosa, ramis velutinis demum glabratis, pihs usque 1 mm longis, erectis, fusiformibus, distaliter brevibifurcatis, brachiis ± erectis saepe inaequalibus. Foliorum majorum lamina 18-28 cm longa, 10-18 cm lata, late ovata vel elliptica, basi rotundata, margine paulo revoluta, apice abrupte acuminata acumine saepe usque 2(-2.5) cm longo, utrinque velutina subtus densissime, pihs bifurcatis, subtus (8-) 10-30 glandulis impressis dispersis instructa, nervis lateralibus et venis tertiariis parallelis subtus prominentibus; petiolus (9-)13-20(-25) mm longus, velutinus; Stipulae ca 1.5 mm longae. Inflorescentia velutina, fohohs glanduliferis instructa, floribus in umbellis 4-floris, bracteis floriferis 6-8 mm longis, 3-4 mm latis, obovatis vel ellipticis, utrinque appresso-tomentosis vel subsericeis, eglandulosis, pedunculo 0-2.5 mm longo, bracteolis bracteis similibus. Pedicellus 8-15 mm longus, velutinus vel tomentosus, in fructu crassior. Sepala 6.5-7 mm longa, 1.8-2.5 mm lata, anguste oblonga, reflexa, distaHter clavata aerenchymate inflata, utrinque tomentosa, anticum eglandulosum, 4 lateraha omnia 1 glandulam magnam 2-2.8 mm longam, 1.5-2.5 mm latam, late ovatam vel circularem, apice non revolutam gerentia. Petala rosea, 4 lateraha abaxialiter sericea, inter sepala patentia, 2 antico-lateralia ungue 2.5-3.5 mm longo, 0.5-0.8 mm diametro, limbo 6-7 mm longo, 7-9 mm lato, profunde concavo, margine eroso et eglanduloso vel basi pauciglandulifero, 2 postico-lateraha ungue 1.7-3 mm longo, 0.7 mm diametro, limbo 6-6.5 mm longo, 5-5.5 mm lato, piano vel parum concavo, margine toto circuitu glanduloso-fimbriato; petalum posticum glabrum, erectum, ungue 3-3.5 mm longo, 1-1.4 mm diametro, limbo 5-7.5 mm longo, 3-4 mm lato, elliptico vel obovato, piano, margine toto circuitu glanduloso-fimbriato. Filamenta glabra, basi connata, 2.4-3 mm longa, ilia sepahs opposita quam illa petalis opposita longiora; antherae glabrae, 1-1.7 mm longae, ineodem flore heterogeneae. Ovariu m 2 mm altum, dense hispidum, styhs 2-3 mm longis, glabris, rectis, subaequalibus, apice dorsaliter truncatis vel breviuncinatis. Samara immatura subcircularis, 5 X 4.5 cm, nuce ca 2 cm diametro, loculum fertilem 7-8 mm diametro et 2 cavemulas laterales ca 4 mm diametro continente, areola ventrali hneari, 12-15 mm alta et 2-3 mm lata, basi in rostrum 2 mm longum producta, alis lateralibus basi discretis vel confluentibus sed profunde emarginatis, apice discretis, utraque semicirculari 10-15 mm lata, corrugata et margine repanda, ala dorsali centrali redacta, ca 5 mm lata et 25 mm alta (e apice ad basin), semicirculari, apice nucis inter alas laterales parum producta, alis dorsalibus intermediis utrinque 1 ad alam centralem paralleh ca 8-12 mm lata et ca 30 mm alta, apice basique cum ala laterali confluenti, valde plicata vel corrugata, margine grosse dentata, aluhs inter alam lateralem et alam dorsalem intermediam ca 10, 3-7 mm latis, irregularibus, saepe lobatis, plerumque transversis.
Distribution and Ecology - Distribution. Known only from the type locality and nearby localities. Collected in flower and fruit in December and June.
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Discussion
Type. Maguire, Wurdack & Bunting 36748, igarape forest of uppermost Rio Yaciba, Rios Pacimoni-Yatua, Casiquiare, Amazonas, Venezuela, elev 100-140 m, 12 Dec 1953 flr/frt (holotype NY [no. 1 of 2 sheets], isotypes MICH, NY [no. 2 of 2 sheets], US, VEN). This species is named for its large velutinous leaves, dense inflorescences, and large comphcated fruits; it must be a truly magnificent vine. Its closest relatives are Jubelina riparia and J. rosea', they can be separated by the following key: 1. Lamina of the larger leaves 18-28 cm long, 10-18 cm wide, acuminate at the apex with the acumen up to 2(-2.5) cm long, bearing (8-) 10-30 scattered glands below; all 4 lateral petals densely sericeous abaxially; central dorsal wing of the samara only 1/2 or less the width of the 2 parallel intermediate dorsal wings, hidden between them. J. magnifica. 1. Lamina of the larger leaves 12-19 c m long, 9-13 cm wide, rounded or short-acuminate at the apex with the acumen up to 1 cm long, bearing 0-4(-6) glands below at the base and (0-)2-6(-8) glands distally in a single row; posterior-lateral petals much less sericeous than the anterior-lateral ones or glabrate; central dorsal wing ofthe fruit equal to or wider than the 2 parallel intermediate dorsal wings. 2. Samara (according to descriptions and figures) with the lateral wings only 0.7-1 cm wide beyond the nut, ± corrugated, coarsely toothed at the margin; intermediate dorsal wings connected to the lateral wings by many crowded irregular crests; lamina with 2-4(-6) glands below clustered at or near the base, plus 1-2 on each side distally. J. riparia. 2. Samara with the lateral wings 3-3.5 cm wide beyond the nut, ± flat, sinuate at the margin; intermediate dorsal wings connected to the lateral wings by a few small parallel crests; lamina without glands below at the base, but usually bearing 1-3(-4) on each side in a row distally. J. rosea. Jubelina riparia Adr. Jussieu has as its type Leprieur in 1832 from the Oiapoque River in French Guiana (P, F!). The following recent collections have extended its range into Brazil: Terr. Amapa: right bank of Rio Amapari 2-3 miles above Serra do Navio, Nov flr. Cowan 38591 (MICH, NY); along the Rio Araguari, vie. Camp 12, 1°11'N, 52°8'W, Sep flr, Pires et al 51345 (NY). Para: varzea do Aura, Anandindeua, Sep flr, Pires 4744 (US). Jubelina rosea (Miquel) Niedenzu is based on Hiraea rosea Miquel, its type being Kappler 1807 from the Marowijne River in Surinam (U?). Until recently it was known only from the type, another collection from Surinam cited by Kostermans (1936), and Melinon in 1864 from French Guiana (F, NY). However, two new collections were made in Surinam in 1976, one of which is in fruit and dramatically confirms that this species, so like J. riparia in other respects, has quite distinctive fruits. These collections are Mori & Bolten 8399 from Brownsberg Nature Park, edge of forest, Mazaroni Plateau, 90 km S of Paramaribo, Sep frt (MICH), and Mori & Bolten 8551 from Lely Mountains, 175 km S SE of Paramarbo, elev 500-700 m, Oct flr (MICH). Both of these are from upland localities, presumably quite different from the riverine localities of all known collections of J. riparia. This suggests a possible ecological difference between the two species in addition to the morphological differences given in the above key.