Campylophyllum

• Authority

  Hedenäs, Lars. 2003. Amblystegiaceae. Fl. Neotrop. Monogr. 89: 1--107. (Published by NYBG Press)

• Family

  Hypnaceae

• Scientific Name

  Campylophyllum

• Type

  Type. Campylophyllum halleri (Hedw.) Fleisch. The name is derived from the Greek campylo, curved, and phyllus, leafed.

• Synonyms

  Campylophyllum halleri (Sw. ex Hedw.) M.Fleisch., Campylium hispidulum (Brid.) Mitt., Amblystegium hispidulum (Brid.) Kindb.

• Description

  Genus Description - Plants small or minute; green, yellow-green, yellow-brown, or brown. Stem irregularly to pinnately branched in one plane; central strand present or not, slender; hyalodermis absent; pseudoparaphyllia filamentose or foliose, in the latter case usually narrow; paraphyllia absent or present, sparse, lanceolate-linear or sometimes ovate; rhizoids smooth or slightly warty-papillose, slightly to strongly branched, inserted at or just below costa insertion, sometimes around branch buds; axillary hairs with 1-6 upper, hyaline or brownish cells. Stem leaves recurved or squarrose from erect to spreading base, sometimes slightly homomallous, sometimes more erect when dry, cordate or cordate-ovate or narrow- to broad-ovate, narrowing abruptly to ± long acumen with acuminate apex, ± strongly constricted at insertion, smooth or near base sometimes slightly plicate, concave, decurrent or not; acumen ± channeled, at least in its basal part; margin plane or below recurved, denticulate or entire; costa short and double, on abaxial side sometimes ending in a spine and sometimes slightly rough from prorate cell ends; median laminal cells elongate-hexagonal to linear, unistratose, incrassate or slightly incrassate, not or slightly porose, having some or many cells with distal and/or rarely proximal ends abaxially prorate; alar cells differentiated, small, widest cells 8.5-16.0 µm wide, few or numerous, transverse-rectangular or quadrate or rectangular or near insertion sometimes elongate-rectangular, incrassate or slightly incrassate, eporose; alar group distinctly or indistinctly delimited, quadrate or isodiametric or oblong or broadly ovate, along margin, reaching from leaf margin 20-65% of distance to leaf middle at insertion. Branch leaves smaller and sometimes narrower than stem leaves; proximal branch leaves triangular to semi-orbicular and acuminate to rounded-apiculate. Autoicous. Perigonial leaves narrowing gradually or abruptly from broad base to acuminate or short-acuminate apex. Inner perichaetial leaves narrowing gradually or abruptly to an acuminate apex, plicate or slightly plicate (outside the area rarely almost smooth); margin unbordered, entire or denticulate in acumen, at shoulder finely or strongly denticulate, sometimes with single teeth; costa strong, single or double, sometimes forked, ending 2560% of way up leaf; vaginula with paraphyses. Calyptra naked. Seta long, reddish; capsule cylindrical, curved or slightly curved throughout, horizontal, occasionally almost inclined; annulus separating; operculum conical. Exostome well developed; teeth cross-striolate below, papillose above; margin dentate or slightly dentate above. Endostome well developed, with high basal membrane; segments not or narrow-perforate along midline; cilia 0-3, as long as segments or almost so, nodose. Spores 8.0-17.5(-21.0) µm, finely papillose.

• Distribution

  Campylophyllum includes seven species, widely distributed in temperate areas, especially in N America and Eurasia, and at higher altitudes in the tropics. Three species occur in the neotropical area.