Rinorea pubiflora f. andersonii (Sandwith ex Hekking) Hekking

  • Authority

    Hekking, W. H. A. 1988. violaceae Part l—Rinorea and Rinoreocarpus. Fl. Neotrop. Monogr. 46: i-ii, 1-208. (Published by NYBG Press)

  • Family

    Violaceae

  • Scientific Name

    Rinorea pubiflora f. andersonii (Sandwith ex Hekking) Hekking

  • Type

    Type. Guyana: Barima, opposite Anabisi Creek, 8 Apr 1945 (fl, juv fr), Fanshawe F 2463 (-FDG 5199 (holotype, K; isotypes, NY, P, U, US).

  • Synonyms

    Rinorea passoura f. andersonii Sandwith ex Hekking, Rinorea passoura var. grandifolia (Eichler) Hekking, Rinorea pulleana Melch.

  • Description

    Species Description - Racemose inflorescences (4.5-)7.5-11.5 cm long (usually longer and more laxiflorous than in var. pubiflora). Flowers white, creamy or yellow. Petals (4-)5-6.5 x 1.5-2 mm, usually longer than those of var. pubiflora and fo. grandifolia, 3-3.5 x as long as wide (versus 2.5 x in var. pubiflora). Seeds (3-)4-7 mm in diam., brownish pilosulous (versus glabrous in fo. grandifolia).

  • Discussion

    Fo. andersonii differs from fo. grandifolia by having pilosulous seeds (versus seeds glabrous). Fo. andersonii much resembles var. pubiflora e.g., by its hairy seeds, but can be distinguished from the latter by the occurrence of floral parts, such as sepals, petals, reduced stamens or staminodes, subpersistent at the base of the capsule (versus floral parts wanting in var. pubiflora).

    Not only the petals, but also other floral parts in specimens of fo. andersonii tend to be larger than those of var. pubiflora. Leaves of fo. andersonii tend to be larger and longer tapering into the apex than those of var. pubiflora. The indument of fo. andersonii is less dense than in var. pubiflora. By these characters and by the smaller shape of the fruits, fo. grandifolia much resembles R. falcata. An introgressive hybridization of R. pubiflora with the complex of the three closely related species, R. flavescens, R. falcata and R. camptoneura, is supposed.

    Triana and Planchon (1862) cited a specimen of Alsodeia flavescens, which originated from the Rio Meta basin in E Colombia (however, without any indication of a collector). Under the citation of A. flavescens, a synonym, Conohoria passoura A. P. de Candolle (=R. pubiflora), has been added. The seeds have been described as pilosulous, whereas those of R. flavescens are glabrous. The cited specimen probably does not belong to R. flavescens, but to R. pubiflora. Because of the note that the stamens did not produce pollen, we presume that this specimen belongs to var. grandifolia. Since its seeds have been described as pilosulous, we also conclude that it belongs to fo. andersonii. Identification of the specimen Karsten s. n., collected on the same locality before 1862, also resulted in fo. andersonii.

    The epitheton infra-specificum andersonii has been derived from Rinorea andersonii Sandwith, described in an unpublished handwritten manuscript of Sandwith joined to the specimen Fanshawe F 2463 (=FDG 5199) in the Kew Herbarium (K). Sandwith added a note to his handwritten description: ‘Apparently a var. of pubiflora. Leaves longer acuminate, more strongly + intricately reticulate underneath. Sepals + Petals more glabrescent.’

    Two different sizes of pollen grains in fo. andersonii were discovered by Dr. W. Punt during his analysis in 1974 (personal reference): (a) relatively small pollen in P. H. Allen 3324; the pollen grains have the same size as those of Florschütz 191, belonging to var. pubiflora; and (b) relatively large pollen in Fanshawe F 2463.

    Distribution and Ecology: The ecological amplitude is similar to that of var. pubiflora. It occurs from 0 to 500 m. Probably flowering and fruiting throughout the year. The main area of distribution of fo. andersonii is predominantly more eastern than that of fo. grandifolia: Lower Amazonia of Brazil (Pará, Amapá), the Guianas and SE Venezuela (Bolivar), including the forest refugia: (a) Roraima-North, Guianas, Oyapock, Belém, and Imerí. Two disjunct populations occur in a far western area, amidst the area of fo. grandifolia, but still E of the Cordilleras: (b) Colombia, along the Vaupés, which is a western part of the forest refuge Imerí; (c) Colombia, forest refuge Villavicencio, situated between the Eastern Cordilleras and the Llanos.

  • Common Names

    Pata-grulla, Pate de Paují, Mamusaré

  • Distribution

    Costa Rica South America| San José Costa Rica Central America| Colombia South America| Meta Colombia South America| Vaupés Colombia South America| Venezuela South America| Bolívar Venezuela South America| Guyana South America| Suriname South America| French Guiana South America| Brazil South America| Amapá Brazil South America| Pará Brazil South America|