Minquartia guianensis Aubl.
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Authority
Sleumer, Hermann O. 1984. Olacaceae. Fl. Neotrop. Monogr. 38: 1-159. (Published by NYBG Press)
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Family
Olacaceae
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Scientific Name
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Type
Type. French Guiana, in forest near Caux, st, Aublet s.n. (holotype, BM).
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Synonyms
Secretania loranthacea Müll.Arg., Endusa punctata Radlk., Eganthus poeppigii Tiegh., Minquartia macrophylla Ducke, Minquartia punctata (Radlk.) Sleumer, Minquartia parvifolia A.C.Sm.
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Description
Species Description - Small to large tree, (2-)10-20(-30) m tall; bole straight, angular, older ones with rather deep grooves, sometimes perforated, to 1.4 m diam.; bark brownish-gray, with small oblong scales and vertical straight cracks closely together, showing white latex when cut; sapwood yellow, hard. Branches angular, glabrous. Branchlets as all young parts usually more or less densely grayish-, or mostly rusty-puberulent with branched hairs, glabrescent, rarely glabrous from the beginning. Leaves oblong to elliptic, sometimes lanceolate, apex abruptly short-acuminate, tip acute or bluntish, base obtuse to rounded-truncate, chartaceous to coriaceous, rarely stiffly so, grayish-olivaceous when dry, glabrous, shiny and often slightly tuberculate above, dull and often puberulous especially on the nerves beneath, usually with resin containing cavities and laticifers, the former visible as elevated, finally blackish dots in dry specimens, (6-)10-16(-28, -35) x (2.5-)4-6(-13) cm, midrib prominent on both surfaces, lateral nerves (6-)10-14(-17) pairs, rather straight-ascending and subparallel to each other, curved before the edge, slightly impressed above, prominent beneath, veins transverse, somewhat raised, rarely subimpressed above, reticulation of veinlets obscure; petiole broadly channelled, thickened and wrinkled distally, (0.5-)2-3(-4) cm x 1-2(-3) mm. Spikes solitary in the upper axils, simple, or rarely few-branched, shortly pedunculate, rusty-tomentellous in all outer parts, 2-6(-9) cm long. Flowers cream, scented, 2-5 per fascicle, these interruptedly arranged along the slender angular rhachis. Calyx cupshaped, obscurely 5(-6)-dentate, laxly set with dark glands, ca. 1 mm long, 1.52 mm diam. Petals (4-)5-6(-7) connate into a campanulate tube for 1-1.5 mm, free lobes with subacute apex, hairy within, 1-1.5 mm long. Stamens inserted just below the orifice, the altemipetalous ones slightly lower than the epipetalous ones; filaments glabrous; anthers ca. 0.3 mm diam. Ovary subglobose; style very short; stigma shortly 3-5-lobed. Drupe ellipsoid, rarely subobovoid, yellowish-reddish initially, becoming purplish-black at full maturity, 2—2.5(-3) x 1.5(-2) cm, on peduncle 2-3 mm long, splitting from the apex for ca. 5 mm; pericarp (sarcocarp) thin-fleshy; endocarp crustaceous, 0.5-1(-1.5) mm thick, bearing numerous tubercles outside which show through the pericarp in dry submature fruits and become more obvious when the pericarp finally deteriorates; seed rather deeply 4-sulcate.
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Discussion
The grayish-brownish wood is hard, heavy, and extremely durable, used mainly for poles.
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Common Names
manú negro, man wood, níspero negro, urana-u-yek, man wood, mincoa, alata-udu, alata-weri, wananin, maka, minquar, paicoussa rouge, huacapu, acapú, acari, arariuba, acariquara, a. roxa
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Distribution
From Nicaragua to Costa Rica and Panama, in the Guianas, Amazonian Colombia, Venezuela, Ecuador, Peru, Bolivia, and Brazil; in terra firme and seasonally flooded primary and secondary forest, also in gallery forest, on clayey or sandy soil, locally common, from lowland to ca. 1000 m alt.
Nicaragua Central America| Zelaya Nicaragua Central America| Costa Rica South America| Heredia Costa Rica Central America| Limón Costa Rica Central America| Panama Central America| Chiriquí Panamá Central America| Bocas del Toro Panamá Central America| Canal Zone Panamá Central America| Colombia South America| Amazonas Colombia South America| Vaupés Colombia South America| Chocó Colombia South America| Nariño Colombia South America| Santander Colombia South America| Valle Colombia South America| Vaupés Colombia South America| Venezuela South America| Bolívar Venezuela South America| Guyana South America| Suriname South America| French Guiana South America| Ecuador South America| Esmeraldas Ecuador South America| Peru South America| Huánuco Peru South America| Loreto Peru South America| San Martín Peru South America| Brazil South America| Acre Brazil South America| Amapá Brazil South America| Amazonas Brazil South America| Maranhão Brazil South America| Mato Grosso Brazil South America| Pará Brazil South America| Roraima Brazil South America| Bolivia South America| Pando Bolivia South America|