Banisteriopsis valvata W.R.Anderson & B.Gates

Authority

Gates, Bronwen. 1982. Banisteriopsis, Diplopterys (Malpighiaceae). Fl. Neotrop. Monogr. 30: 1-238. (Published by NYBG Press)

Family

Malpighiaceae

Scientific Name

Banisteriopsis valvata W.R.Anderson & B.Gates

Type

Type. Anderson, Stieber & Kirkbride 36981, Brazil, Bahia, ca. 13 km S of Cocos and 3 km S of Rio Itaquarí, fly yng fr (holotype, UB; isotypes, F, IAN, K, MICH, MO, NY, P, RB, SP, U, US).

Description

Species Description - Liana, young branches flattened, brown-sericeous, older branches terete, sericeous to glabrate. Stipules up to 1.0 mm long, often dissected at the apex and joined by an interpetiolar line. Leaves with the petiole 10-37 mm long, sericeous to glabrate, bearing 2 stalked or sessile protuberant glands near the apex adaxially, the lamina 5.0-15.0 cm long, 4.0-14.5 cm wide, smaller in the inflorescence, orbicular to broadly ovate, truncate to subcordate at the base, obtusely short-acuminate at the apex, with the margin plane, eglandular or bearing 1-2 sessile or stipitate glands near the base, pubescent and soon glabrate except on the nerves adaxially, tomentose abaxially, the hairs white, T-shaped, the trabecula straight or flexuous 0.7-0.9 mm long, the stalk 0.1 mm long, with the venation obscure adaxially and prominent abaxially with the lateral veins connected by parallel secondary veins. Inflorescence axillary, paniculate, of 4-flowered umbels, the branches of the inflorescence bearing a single umbel or a dichasium of 3 umbels, brown-sericeous; bracts and bracteoles 1.5-2.0 mm long, triangular or ovate, abaxially sericeous, involucrate, persistent; pedicels sessile or subsessile, 9-19 mm long, 0.8-1.0 mm in diameter, brown-sericeous. Sepals 6.5-8.0 mm long, 5.5-6.5 mm wide, connate basally for 2-3 mm, eglandular, broadly ovate, cordate or subcordate at the base, obtuse at the apex, exduplicate-valvate, abaxially brown-sericeous, adaxially near the margin minutely white-pubescent, accrescent in fruit, up to 16 mm long and 12 mm wide in young fruit. Petals yellow, laciniate, eglandular, abaxially sparsely white-sericeous, the 4 lateral petals reflexed between the sepals, the claw 4.0-5.0 mm long, 0.5-0.6 mm wide, the limb 10.0-14.0 mm long and wide, orbicular, plane, the antero-lateral petals somewhat larger than the postero-lateral pair, the posterior petal with the claw erect, 4.0-4.5 mm long, 1.1-1.7 mm wide, constricted at the apex, the limb 8.0-10.0 mm long, 6.0-9.0 mm wide, broadly elliptic, obovate or orbicular, often wrinkled. Stamens with the filaments connate at the base for 0.3-0.7 mm, that opposite the anterior sepal 4.5-5.5 mm long, that opposite the posterior petal 2.0-3.0 mm long, the 8 lateral filaments 3.0-4.0 mm long; anthers subequal, reflexed, the locules 1.0-1.5 mm long, glabrous, the connectives swollen, papillate, projecting 0.4-0.8 mm beyond the locules, those of the stamens opposite the sepals 1.2-1.4 mm long, 1.0-1.2 mm wide, 0.6-0.8 mm deep, obovate, those opposite the petals 1.0-1.4 mm long, 0.8-1.0 mm wide, 0.4-0.6 mm deep, oblong. Ovary 1.5 mm tall, velutinous; styles straight and diverging, subequal 4.0-5.0 mm long, pubescent at the base, the hairs white or brown, straight or flexuous, the arms very unequal, the longer arm 1-2 mm long, stigmas capitate. Immature fruit without carpophore, densely appressed-sericeous, with stiff sub-basifixed hairs 1.5 mm long and shorter medifixed hairs, nut up to 1 cm tall and 1 cm long, bearing 2-3 winglets on each side parallel to the areole, up to 16 mm along the base and projecting up to 8 mm from the nut, sometimes confluent beneath the nut, the wing up to 20 mm long and 9 mm wide, bearing a triangular appendage on its upper edge at the base 5 mm tall and 5 mm long.

Discussion

Collected in flower in March and April and in young fruit in March.

Distribution

In scrubby caatinga thickets on the eastern slopes of the Espigão Mestre in Bahia, extending northward into Maranhão.

Brazil South America| Maranhão Brazil South America| Bahia Brazil South America|