Banisteriopsis basifixa B.Gates

  • Authority

    Gates, Bronwen. 1982. Banisteriopsis, Diplopterys (Malpighiaceae). Fl. Neotrop. Monogr. 30: 1-238. (Published by NYBG Press)

  • Family

    Malpighiaceae

  • Scientific Name

    Banisteriopsis basifixa B.Gates

  • Type

    Type. Hoehne & A. Gehrt 17711, Brazil, São Paulo, São José do Barreiro, fl (holotype, SP 17711; isotype, GH).

  • Description

    Latin Diagnosis - Liana, rami sparsim hispidi, pilis Y-formibus, interdum uno brachiorum bre-vissimo vel nullo, usque 2.5 mm longis, vetustiores glabrati, grisei. Stipulae usque 1 mm longae, triangulares. Folia petiolo 10-20(-35) mm longo, dense aureo-hispido-velutino, eglanduloso vel rarius 2 glandes parte superiore gerenti, lamina 3.6-15.0 cm longa, 1.8-6.9 cm lata, ovata vel rarius juniore lobata, basi cordata, apice acuta vel acuminata, margine parum revoluta, venis lateralibus basi 1-2 glandes stipitatas gerenti, adaxialiter hispida, pilis Y-formibus, brachiis 0.3-0.5 mm longis, abaxialiter hispido-tomentosa, pilis T-formibus, trabecula 1.0-1.5 mm longa, pede 0.2-0.3 mm, venis venulisque prominentibus adaxialiter, venis lateralibus prominentibus abaxialiter. Inflorescentia axillaris, floribus in umbellis 4-floriferis fasciculatis foliis redactis usque ad bracteas lineares subtentis, umbellis in racemis dispositis, sparsim aureo-velutina, pedunculo umbellae 2-3 mm longo, glabro; bracteis bracteolisque 0.8-1.0 mm longis, late triangularibus, glabris, membranaceis, persistentibus, involucratis; pedicellis sessilibus, 4-9 mm longis, 0.3 mm diametro, glabris. Sepala 5, 1.8-2.0 mm longa, 1.4-1.8 mm lata, late elliptica, apice rotundata, abaxialiter sparsim sericea, adaxialiter glabra, eglandulosa vel 4 lateralia 2 glandes 1.0-1.4 mm longas et 0.6-1.0 mm latas gerentia, glandes 0.7-1.2 mm superantia. Petala 5, orbicularia, eglandulosa, fimbriata, luteola?, 4 lateralia inter sepala patentia, ungue 1.5-2.0 mm longo, limbo 3.0-4.0 mm longo et lato, antero-lateralia Cochleata et quam postero-lateralia majoria, postero-lateralia concava, petalum posticum ungue erecto usque 2.5 mm longo, apice constricto, limbo 3.0 mm longo latoque. Stamina filamentis 3 sepalis anticis oppositis 2.0-2.7 mm longis, ceteris 0.8-1.8 mm longis; antherae loculis petalis oppositis 0.6-0.8 mm longis, sepalo antico opposito 1.2-1.3 mm longo, sepalis antero-lateralibus oppositis redactis vel nullis, sepalis postero-lateralibus oppositis 0.3-0.4 mm longis, glabris, connectivis 3 sepalis anticis oppositis 0.9-1.2 mm longis, 0.8-1.0 mm latis, 0.8 mm profundis, glandulosis, obovatis, loculos superantibus, ceteris 0.5-0.9 mm longis, 0.3-0.7 mm latis, 0.2-0.4 mm profundis, ellip ticis, illis sepalis postero-lateralibus oppositis loculos superantibus, illis petalis oppositis loculos non-superantibus. Ovarium 0.8-1.0 mm altum, carpellis 3, unio-vulatis, liberis, toro pyramidali adnatis, sericeis; styli 3, anticus usque 2.6 mm longus, erectus, postici 1.8-2.0 mm longi, recti parallelique, liberi, quam anticum graciliores, stigmatibus capitatis. Fructus ex 3 samaris (vel abortu 1-2) constans; samara carpophoro usque 2 mm longo et 1 mm lato, nuce ovoidea 5-7 mm alta, 3-5 mm longa, sparsim sericea, rugulosa, ala 18-26 mm longa, 12-15 mm lata, sparsim sericea, pilis trabecula recta 1.0-2.0 mm longa, basi appendicula rotundata usque 2 mm alta munita.

  • Discussion

    Collected in flower from March to May and in July, and in fruit in June.

    This species is most closely related to Banisteriopsis scutellata, from which it can be distinguished by its hispid stem pubescence with basifixed hairs, its glabrous pedicels, strongly cordate leaf base, and the fruit with shorter broader wing. The two species appear to be sympatric for most of their range. There are very few modern collections of either species, but it appears that there is a separation between the species in their time of flowering: this species flowers from March to July, and B. scutellata from January to March.

    The name refers to the basifixed hairs on the stems.

  • Distribution

    In the Atlantic coastal forest of Rio de Janeiro and adjacent São Paulo and Minas Gerais, Brazil.

    Brazil South America| Minas Gerais Brazil South America| Rio de Janeiro Brazil South America| São Paulo Brazil South America|