Manihot esculenta Crantz

• Region

  South America

• Country

  Brazil

• State/Province

  Maranhão

• County/Municipio

  Lorêto Mun.

• Locality

  "Ilha das Balsas" region, between the Rio das Balsas and Parnaíba. About 40 Km south of Lorêto. At place called "Picada", about 100 m south of creek, "Riacho da Picada".

• Coordinates

  -7.43, -45.12

• Distribution

  Map all specimens of this taxon

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FLORA. OF BRAZIL
STATE OF MARANHÀO
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Manihot esculenta Crantz
Municipio de Loreto: “Ilha de Balsas” region, between the
Rios Balsas and Pamaiba. About UO km south of LORfiTO.
ca.7° 26’S., 45°7 *w. At place called "Plead*", ca* 100 m.
aouth of the creek, "Macho da Picada". 26 March 1962
Main vegetation types ot region: (1) “chapada”, a semi-dosed: tree woodland (or
“cerrad&o”) on flat tops & steep sides of plateaus, — rtaay hilly .land, and on
some areas of rolling or flat dry land; (2) "tabuleiro”, a semi-dosed woodland,
or “cerrad&o”, of different physiognomy <fc species composition, on tops of billy
or gently rolling land; (3) “mata”, a closed tropical forest of many tree speeies,
usually with palms, in flat stream valleys and in or alongside of brook ravines &
courses; (4) “caatinga”, a semi-open forest of few forest tree species on low
moist flat land and in narrow valleys between “tabuleiro”-covered bills; (5) “var-
j&o”, low moist flat land with scattered forest trees of one or a few species;
(6) “cocal”, thick groves of baba$u palm on flat river plain of Bio Pamaiba and
some of its tributary streams ^A-lAIJUvegetation types completely deciduous during
dry season. All brooks intermittent Annual ground fired and cattle grassing in
all areas. Part of “tabuleiro” cut over, forming treeless grassy areas; most
“mata” and much “caatinga” 8c “varjfio” cultivated or abandoned, forming dense
secondary vegetation of low trees Sc tall shrubs (“capoeira”); some areas of
“chapada” with dense secondary vegetation (“carrasco”). Upland soils grayish,
tan, or light reddish brown silt or silty clay, very stony on slopes; lowland soils
mostly reddish brown to black silt loam, silty clay loam or day loam, without
stones. Country rock horizontal light brown sandstone, exposed only on tops
of morros and on cliffs along the Bio Pamaiba.
This habitat: cultivated ground (formerly gallery forest)*
Blacksoil with much humus.
This nfis CULTIVATED cassava. Shrub 2 l/U *• tail,
with 4 pendant trunks with vertical branches. Pith
at ba8e of stem a translucent brownish-yellow. Bark
at base a shiny reddish-brown. Branches light green-
NEW YORK BOTANICAL GARDEN
01028440
ish-gray# Ifaoi (part harvested) almost ripe, 5 l/2
cm diam., 30 cm long, with medium rich brown skin
& a creamy white pulp« Middle of root a slightly
darker tan.
leg. George Eiten & Liene T. Eiten, no. 3&57
Distributed by the Instituto de Bot&nica, Sfto Paulo
01028440