Urvillea ulmacea Kunth

• Region

  South America

• Country

  Brazil

• State/Province

  Maranhão

• County/Municipio

  Lorêto Mun.

• Locality

  "Ilha de Balsas" region, between the Rios Balsas and Parnaíba. About 35 km south of Lorêto. Fazenda "Santo Estevão": ca. 1 km north of house at Riacho dos Veados.

• Elevation

  Alt. 300 m. (984 ft.)

• Coordinates

  -7.38, -45.12

• Distribution

  Map all specimens of this taxon

FLORA OF BRAZIL
STATE OF MARANHÀO
ürvillea ulmacea HBK,
(det. L.B.Smith,I965)
Municipio de Loreto: “Ilha de Balsas” region, between the Rios
Balsas and Pamaiba. About 35 km. south of LORETO. Fazenda
“Santo Estevao”: ca. 1 km. north of house at Riacho dos Veados.
Ca. 7°23’S., 45°7’W. Alt. ca. 300 m.
Main vegetation types of region: (1) “chapada”, a semi-closed tree woodland (or
“cerrad&o”) on flat tops & steep sides of plateaus, — atoey -MUy	and on
some areas of rolling or flat dry land; (2) "tabuleiro”, a semi-closed woodland,
or "cerrad&o”, of different physiognomy & species composition, on tops of hilly
or gently rolling land; (3) “mata”, a closed tropical forest of many tree species,
usually with palms, in flat stream valleys and in or alongside of brook ravines &
courses; (4) “caatinga”, a semi-open forest of few forest tree species on low
moist flat land and in narrow valleys between “tabuleiro”-covered hills; (5) “var-
j&o”, low niolst flat land with scattered forest trees of one or a few species;
(6) “cocal”, thick groves of babagu palm on flat river plain of Bio Pamaiba anid
some of its tributary streams AH Uvegetation types completely deciduous during
dry season. All brooks intermittent! Annual ground fires and cattle grazing in
all areas. Fart bf “tabuleiro” cut over, forming treeless grassy areas; most
‘‘mata” and much "caatinga” & “varj&o” cultivated or abandoned, forming dense
secondary vegetation of low trees & tall shrubs (“capoeira”); some areas of
“chapada” with dense secondary vegetation (“carrasco”). Upland soils grayish,
tan, or. light reddish brown silt or silty clay, very stony on dopes; lowland soils
mostly reddish brown to black silt loam, silty clay loam or clay loam, without
stones. Country rock horizontal light brown sandstone, exposed only on tops
of morros and on cliffs along the Rio Pamaiba.
This habitat: “caatinga” forest on inclined sides of narrow brook
valley. Taller trees to 20 m., “angico”, “aroeira”, “pau d’arco”, etc.
Tree crown cover ca. 50%. Shrubs, mostly Bauhinia sp., to 2 m. tall,
with 70-90% cover. Herbs & a few grasses with 70-100% cover. Soil
medium reddish brown silty clay without stones.	5 April 1962
Shrub to 1 m. tall, or shrubby or subshrubby vine, or
woody vine climbing to 3 meters. Flowers 4- mni diam.,
petals white, filaments white, old anthers buff.
This species common in all "caatingaw & some forests*
leg. George Eiten and Liene T. Eiten, no. 4033
Distributed by the Instituto de Botanica, S&o Paulo '
00996135