Anomodon rostratus (Hedw.) Schimp.
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Authority
Buck, William R. 1998. Pleurocarpous mosses of the West Indies. Mem. New York Bot. Gard. 82: 1-400.
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Family
Anomodontaceae
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Scientific Name
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Description
Species Description - Plants medium-sized, in dull, dark-green or more often yellow-green to golden-brown, dense, wiry mats. Stems creeping, to ca. 8 cm long, but mostly ca. 5 cm long, slender, radiculose, without primary and secondary stem differentiation, branches arising laterally from creeping stems, irregularly but densely branched, the branches short, erect-ascending, simple; in cross-section with 3-4 rows of small thick-walled cells surrounding larger thinner-walled cells, central strand small, of small thin-walled cells; paraphyllia none; pseudoparaphyllia none; axillary hairs with 2-3 short hyaline basal cells and 1-2 elongate hyaline distal cells. Stem and branch leaves similar, stem leaves broader with an ovate-deltoid base, ca. 1 mm long, abruptly long and slenderly acuminate, otherwise similar to branch leaves; branch leaves imbricate when dry, rapidly erect-spreading when moist, lanceolate-ovate to ovate, mostly 0.6 mm long, to 0.9 mm long, ± gradually piliferous, concave, short-decurrent, subauriculate; margins papillose-crenulate, especially at base, irregularly revolute; costa single, yellow, ending (1/2-)3/4 the leaf length; cells hexagonal, ca. 6 µm wide, densely and obscurely l-2(-5)-papillose, firm-walled, those in the hairpoint elongate and smooth, becoming oblong, smooth, thick-walled, and subporose in 1-2 rows juxtacostally at the insertion; alar cells not differentiated. Asexual propagula none. Dioicous. [Sporophytes not known from the West Indies; description based on U.S. material.] Perichaetia large, conspicuous; leaves ± erect, apices spreading when dry, sheathing at base, oblong, 1.4-2 mm long, gradually long-acuminate; margins subentire, occasionally with projecting marginal papillae, plane; costa none; cells irregularly oblong, 4-6:1, smooth, firm- to thick-walled. Setae elongate, smooth, red-brown becoming black with age, (0.5-) 1-1.5 cm long, ± flexuose; capsules erect and symmetric, cylindric, 1-1.5 mm long; exothecial cells subquadrate to short-rectangular, firm-walled; annulus poorly differentiated in several rows; operculum obliquely conic-rostrate, as long as or longer than the urn; columella cylindric, expanded at apex, ending just above midurn; exostome teeth bone-white when dry, yellowish white when moist, narrowly triangular, not shouldered, narrowly bordered, on the front surface cross-striolate with overlying papillae in the lower 1/2, papillose above, not or weakly trabeculate at back; endostome with a medium-high, ± smooth basal membrane, segments papillose, linear, ± keeled, not perforate, cilia none. Spores spherical, finely papillose or almost smooth, 11-17 µm diam. Calyptrae cucullate, naked, smooth.
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Discussion
1. Anomodon rostratus (Hedw.) Schimp., Syn. Muse. Eur. 488. 1860; Leskea rostrata Hedw., Sp. Muse. Frond. 226. 1801; Hyptmm rostratum (Hedw.) P. Beauv., Prodr. Aethéogam. 69. 1805, hom. illeg., non (Schrad.) F. Weber & D. Mohr, Index Mus. PI. Crypt. 3. 1803 [= Plagiomnium rostratum (Schrader) T. J. Kop.], nec (Griff.) Mitt., Kew J. Bot. 8: 354. 1856, hom. illeg. [= Chionostomum rostratum (Griff.) Müll. Hal.J. Plate 66, figures 8-13 Discussion. Anomodon rostratas is characterized by ovate-lanceolate leaves with irregularly revolute margins and densely papillose cells. The piliferous apex will readily separate it from our other Anomodon species. Anomodon rostratus and A. attenuatus seem only remotely related. In addition to branch leaf shape, A. attenuatus has strongly differentiated branch and stem leaves, no central strand, a slender, exserted columella, and very different axillary hairs. Anomodon rostratus is most likely confused with various Meteorium species. However, Meteorium differs in the auriculate basal region, more elongate laminal cells, especially toward the leaf base where they are arranged in a striking radiating pattern, and usually by seriately arranged papillae rather than those of Anomodon which are scattered.
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Distribution
Range. Eastern North America, Arizona, Mexico, Guatemala, central Europe; Bermuda, Jamaica, Hispaniola (Haiti and Dominican Republic); mostly growing on rocks, usually (always?) calcareous, rarely on bases of trees, in mesic, ± exposed habitats, at 1000-2000 m (surely lower in Bermuda).
Mexico North America| Jamaica South America| Guatemala Central America| Haiti South America| Bermuda South America| Dominican Republic South America| North America| Austria Europe| Croatia Europe| Czech Republic Europe| Germany Europe| Hungary Europe| Liechtenstein Europe| Poland Europe| Slovakia Europe| Slovenia Europe| Switzerland Europe|