Dryopteris wallichiana (Spreng.) Hyl.

  • Authority

    Mickel, John T. & Beitel, Joseph M. 1988. Pteridophyte Flora of Oaxaca, Mexico. Mem. New York Bot. Gard. 46: 1-580.

  • Family

    Dryopteridaceae

  • Scientific Name

    Dryopteris wallichiana (Spreng.) Hyl.

  • Description

    Species Description - Rhizome stout, erect; rhizome scales dark brown, linear-lanceolate, with irregularly ciliate margin, to 25 mm long, 3 mm wide; fronds clumped, erect; stipe 8-25 cm long, ¼ or less the frond length, stramineous, densely clothed with scales similar to those of rhizome; blade pinnate-pinnatifid, oblong-lanceolate, lustrous dark green above, lighter below, 50-100(-120) cm long, 18-28 cm wide; rachis densely scaly; pinnae linear-lanceolate, sessile, 5-15 cm long; basal pinnae reduced, without enlarged basal pinnules; segments oblong, truncate at tip; sori medial, in-dusia reniform (subcoiled, appearing round), entire.

  • Discussion

    Aspidium paleaceum D. Don, Prod. flor, nepal. 4.1825. Dryopteris paleacea (D. Don) Handel-Mazzetti, Verh. Zool.-Bot. Ges. Wien 58: 100. 1908. Aspidium wallichianum Sprengel, Syst. veg. 4: 104. 1827. Type. Nepal. Wallich s.n. (K). Aspidium parallelogrammum Kunze, Linnaea 13: 146. 1839. Dichasium parallelogrammum (Kunze) Fée, Mém. foug. 5: 302. Dryopteris parallelogramma (Kunze) Alston, Amer. Fern J. 47: 92. 1957. Type. Mexico. Karwinsky s.n. (B). Aspidium crinitum Martens & Galeotti, Mém. foug. Mexique 66, t. 17, f. 2. 1842. Type. Mexico. Oaxaca: Llano Verde, Galeotti 6348 (BR!, photo NY!; isotypes B!, BR!—6 sheets, K!, P!—4 sheets, frag. NY!). For discussion of nomenclature and correct epithet, see A. R. Smith & C. Fraser-Jenkins (Taxon 31:326329. 1982). Dryopteris wallichiana has been confused with D. pseudo-filix-mas but the former is much more common. It is probably identical to the Asian and African material, related to D. affinis (Lowe) Fraser-Jenkins of northern Europe, and is an apogamous triploid. Rothmaler (Candollea 10: 95-96. 1945) considered D. chrysocarpa (Fée) Rothmaler (=Aspidium chrysocarpon Fée, Mém. foug. 8:103. 1857. Mexico, Popocatepetl, Schaffner 289 (P)) as the hybrid between D. pseudo-filix-mas and D. parallelogramma [=D. wallichiana].

  • Distribution

    Terrestrial in cloud forests at high elevations; Centro, Ixtlán, Mixe, Pochutla, Teo-titlán, Tlaxiaco; 2000-3000 m. Mexico (Chih, Jal, Mich, Gro, Mex, Mor, Hgo, Tam, Ver, Pue, Oax, Chis); Guat, Pan; Hisp; Col & Ven to Bol, Arg; Africa, Himalayas, China, Japan, Hawaii.

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