Fissidens oediloma Müll.Hal.
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Authority
Pursell, Ronald A. 2007. Fissidentaceae. Fl. Neotrop. Monogr. 101 (Published by NYBG Press)
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Family
Fissidentaceae
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Scientific Name
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Type
Types. Brazil. Sa. Catharina [Santa Catarina]: Serra Geral, an Steinen in einem Bache des Araucarienwaldes, Ule, Bryotheca Brasiliensis 49 (lectotype, H-BR, designated by Bruggeman-Nannenga, 1973; isolectotypes, BM, NY); Blumenau, auf Steinen am Bache an der Garcia, Ule 239, 241 (syntypes, H-BR). Minas Geraës [Minas Gerais]: Serra de Caldas, ad saxa rivuli in silva primova, Mosén 126 (syntype, H-BR, S), Caldas, ad saxa amnis Ribeirão dos Bugres, Mosén 129 (syntype, H-BR, S). São Paulo: Apiahy [Apiaí], ad lapides, rivuli, Puiggari 2007 (syntype, H-BR).
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Synonyms
Fissidens crenatulus Müll.Hal., Fissidens apiahyensis Besch. & Geh., Fissidens iguapensis Besch. & Geh., Fissidens mucronifolius Besch. & Geh.
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Description
Species Description - Plants bright green, becoming sordid, sometimes encrusted with diatoms and black detritus, especially costa and limbidium. Stems monomorphic, usually branched, 3.5-16.0mm long x 1.5-3.0 mm wide, usually branched; rhizoids mostly basal, smooth, reddish; axillary hyaline nodules absent; epidermis and outer 1-2 tiers of cortical cells small, incrassate, pigmented; inner cortical cells larger, thin-walled, hyaline; central strand present or absent. Leaves ± crispate when dry, imbricate, as many as 25 pairs, mostly narrowly oblong, infrequently ovate, acute-mucronate or short-acuminate, 0.9-2.7 mm long x 0.3-0.4 mm wide, perichaetial leaves usually longest; costa usually ending in muero or apiculus, bryoides type; margin ± entire, sometimes serrulate distally, rarely distantly serrulate all around, limbate on all laminae, limbidium usually cartilaginous, usually confluent with costa distally and ending above the insertion of dorsal lamina, limbidial cells (1-) 35 (-7)-stratose, outer ones sometimes short and chlorophyllose; dorsal lamina narrowed to insertion, somewhat decurrent; vaginant laminae of cauline leaves mostly 1/2 leaf length, acute, equal; laminal cells distinct, eguttulate, unistratose, infrequently bistratose juxtacostally, firm-walled, smooth, slightly bulging, irregularly quadrate to hexagonal, 6-13 µm long x 6-10 µm wide, in transverse section about as deep as wide, rarely larger in the vaginant laminae. Monoicous (rhizautoicous); perigonia and perichaetia terminal on stems of ± equal length. Sporophytes 1-3 per perichaetium, yellow, darkening with age; seta smooth, 3-6 mm long; theca exserted, erect, radially symmetric or inclined, arcuate, bilaterally symmetric, 0.5-1.0 mm long, stom-atose, exothecial cells quadrate to oblong, vertical walls thicker than horizontal walls; peristome bryoides type; operculum conic, short-rostrate, 0.50.6 mm long. Spores finely papillose, 13-27 p,m diam. Calyptra cucullate, smooth, 0.6-0.7 mm long, covering only rostrum of operculum.
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Discussion
Fissidens oediloma, an aquatic species, varies considerably in size. Some of the smallest plants measure only 3 mm long, while some of the largest are more than 150 mm [1.5 cm] long. The species in its typical expression, is distinctive by its very thick cartilagenous limbidium. Some expressions of F. oediloma in which the limbidium reaches its lower limit in width and thickness can be confused with F. anguste-limbatus, but in that species the vaginant laminae are 2/3-4/5 the leaf length and the laminal cells are somewhat longer than wide. Fissidens oediloma can be distinguished from most expressions of F. rigidulus by its smaller size and larger laminal cells that can be irregularly bistratose along the costa. In F. rigidulus the laminai cells are smaller, more densely chlorophyllose, and, in varying degrees, 1-3-stratose (see illustrations in Bruggeman-Nannenga, 1974).
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Distribution
Southeastern Brazil and Paraguay; attached to rocks in and along streams and waterfalls, rarely on soil or as an epiphyte in arroyos and barrancas; 150-1970 m.
Espirito Santo Brazil South America| Minas Gerais Brazil South America| Paraná Brazil South America| Rio de Janeiro Brazil South America| Rio Grande do Sul Brazil South America| São Paulo Brazil South America| Alto Paraná Paraguay South America| Cordillera Paraguay South America| Paraguarí Paraguay South America|