Duguetia staudtii (Engl. & Diels) Chatrou

  • Authority

    Maas, Paulus J. M., et al. 2003. (Annonaceae). Fl. Neotrop. Monogr. 88: 1-274 pp. (Published by NYBG Press)

  • Family

    Annonaceae

  • Scientific Name

    Duguetia staudtii (Engl. & Diels) Chatrou

  • Type

    Type: Cameroon. Centre-Sud: near Lolodorf, alt. 450-500 m, 10 Mar 1895 (fl), Staudt 133 (holotype, B; isotypes, BM, K and P, 2 sheets, S).

  • Synonyms

    Uvaria staudtii Engl. & Diels, Pachypodanthium staudtii Engl. & Diels

  • Description

    Species Description - Tree, 15-50 m tall, 20-70 cm in diam. Bark yellow, aromatic. Young twigs and petioles sparsely (to rather densely) covered with appressed and erect, stellate hairs. Petioles 2-10 mm long, 2-4 mm in diam. Lamina narrowly (oblong-)elliptic to narrowly obovate, 13-34 cm long, 3-8 cm wide, leaf index 3-6, coriaceous, brown, dull above, brown below, glabrous above, brown, sparsely (to rather densely) covered with appressed and erect, stellate hairs below, base acute to cordate, apex acute to shortly acuminate, primary vein impressed above, furrowed, secondary veins curved, 10-22 on either side of primary vein, flat above, angles with primary vein 30-60°, arching toward the margin to rarely loop-forming at acute angles, loops indistinct, smallest distance between arches, or loops, and margin 1-2 mm, tertiary veins rather indistinct. Inflorescences supra-axillary, 2-4-flowered. Indument: peduncles, pedicels, and outer side of bracts, sepals and petals sparsely to densely covered with appressed or erect, stellate hairs, inner side of sepals glabrous, verrucose, inner side of petals glabrous. Peduncle 1-4 mm long, 2-6 mm in diam. Pedicels 6-12 mm long, 2-3 mm in diam., fruiting pedicels to 30 mm long, to 6 mm in diam. Upper bract at 1/2 to 3/4 of base of pedicel, amplectent, initially cucullate and enclosing the flower bud, ultimately rupturing into two parts, 9-12 mm long, 5-7 mm wide, caducous. Flower buds ovoid to globose. Flowers creamy white in vivo, dark red in sicco. Sepals free or slightly connate at the base, ovate, 9-15 mm long, 710 mm wide, acute. Petals unequal, narrowly oblong-elliptic to narrowly oblong-obovate, acute to obtuse, outer ones 7-25(-30) mm long, 4-10 mm wide, inner ones 4-20 mm long, 4-6 mm wide. Stamens 1-1.5 mm long, red, apex of connective discoid, 0.6 x 0.6 mm, glabrous. Carpels 2-2.5 mm long, ovary rather densely covered with erect, stellate hairs along the ribs, stigma glabrous. Fruit reddish in vivo, yellowish brown in sicco, globose to depressed ovoid, 2-5.5 cm long, 3-6 cm in diam., basal collar composed of ca. 15 connate, sterile carpels, 2-10 mm in diam., fertile carpels 50-100, broadly obovoid to broadly obtrulloid, 15-20 mm long, 9-15 mm in diam., basally fused, areoles pyramidal to shallowly pyramidal, 5-16 mm high, 5-7-ribbed, acute, apicule when present 0.5-1 mm long, densely covered with erect, stellate hairs. Seeds obovoid, 7-13 mm long, 6-8 mm in diam., brown.

  • Discussion

    Wood for timber, bark for building, and aphrodisiac made from bark. Kerharo and Bouquet (1950) report that the very odoriferous bark is used to treat intestinal pains. The ‘guéré’ people from Ivory Coast use bark as an ingredient for arrow poison. Cavé et al. (1980) isolated a new alkaloid from organic bark extracts of D. staudtii, and named it staudine.

    Vegetatively, Duguetia staudtii can easily be recognized by the narrowly (oblong-)elliptic to narrowly obovate lamina, the indument of large stellate hairs on the lower side of the lamina, and the distinctly furrowed primary vein on the upper side of the lamina. The fruit might be mistaken for that of D. barteri, but in this species the carpels are totally fused and the areoles are dome-shaped, whereas D. staudtii has carpels fused only basally, and with pyramidal areoles.

  • Common Names

    Bobili, Ntom, Ntouma, Touom, Bohonia, Bondjo, Dunga mutoke, Lole, Mokako, Mitsogho, Ntom, Ochiva, Pay-yadi-asa, Anioukét, Zree-chu, Monone

  • Distribution

    Cameroon, Central African Republic, Congo-Brazzaville, Democratic Republic Congo (formerly Zaire), Gabon, Ivory Coast, Liberia, Nigeria, and Sierra Leone. In primary and secondary, noninundated forest. At elevations from 100-900 m. Flowering from September to May, fruiting throughout the year.

    Cameroon Africa| Centre Cameroon Africa| Est Cameroon Africa| Sud Cameroon Africa| Littoral Cameroon Africa| Ouest Cameroon Africa| Central African Republic Africa| Congo Africa| Sangha Congo Africa| Kouilou Congo Africa| Likouala Congo Africa| Niari Congo Africa| Democratic Republic of the Congo Africa| Équateur Democratic Republic of the Congo Africa| Kasai-Occidental Democratic Republic of the Congo Africa| Gabon Africa| Estuaire Gabon Africa| Ngounié Gabon Africa| Ogooué-Ivindo Gabon Africa| Woleu-Ntem Gabon Africa| Ghana Africa| Ashanti Ghana Africa| Eastern Ghana Africa| Western Ghana Africa| Ivory Coast Africa| Liberia Africa| Bong Liberia Africa| Lofa Liberia Africa| Montserrado Liberia Africa| Nimba Liberia Africa| Nigeria Africa| Sierra Leone Africa|