Poulsenia armata (Miq.) Standl.

Authority

Berg, Cornelius C. 2001. Moreae, Artocarpeae, and (Moraceae): With introductions to the family and and with additions and corrections to Flora Neotropica Monograph 7. Fl. Neotrop. Monogr. 83: 1-346. (Published by NYBG Press)

Family

Moraceae

Scientific Name

Poulsenia armata (Miq.) Standl.

Synonyms

Olmedia armata Miq., Inophloeum armatum Pittier, Poulsenia aculeata Eggers, Coussapoa rekoi Standl.

Description

Species Description - Tree, to 30 m tall, often with buttresses, (sometimes climbers?), on young parts aculeate with prickles with a hyaline apex. Leafy twigs 2-10 mm thick, sparsely to densely puberulous, with appressed, brown hairs, glabrescent, sometimes also hispidulous, or occasionally also with long, straight to uncinate rigid hairs, passing into prickles. Lamina (suborbicular) to elliptic to oblong (to lanceolate), 5-55 × 3-25 cm, broadest at or below the middle (in juvenile material sometimes above the middle), often ± inequilateral, subcoriaceous to chartaceous; apex acuminate to subacute; base acute to cordate; margin entire to repand, sometimes aculeate; upper surface (sub)glabrous; lower surface puberulous with sparse to dense, appressed, brown hairs, glabrescent, sometimes scabridulous, often aculeate on the midrib and the lateral veins; venation almost plane above, the midrib and lateral veins prominent beneath, the other veins almost plane; lateral veins 5-16 pairs; tertiary venation partly to largely scalariform; petiole 0.5-7 cm long, coriaceous, often aculeate, puberulous with dense, appressed, brown hairs; stipules (0.5-)1-8 cm long, coriaceous, with (dense) brown pluricellular hairs, usually aculeate, caducous. Staminate inflorescences globose, oblongoid- or obovoid-capitate, 0.5-3 × 0.5-2 cm; peduncle 0.5-2 cm long, puberulous; flowers free or basally connate; perianth 2-5 mm long, the upper part puberulous with brown hairs, often also hispidulous, the outer tepals ± cucullate; stamens often anisomorphic; filaments 3-6 mm long; anthers 0.7-1.6 × 0.7-1.2 mm, the connective narrow or broad, sometimes apiculate; bracts oblong to linear, to 1.5 mm long. Pistillate inflorescences subsessile or peduncle to 1 cm long; flowers (1-)3-15; perianth ca. 6 mm long, puberulous with appressed to patent, brown hairs, often also hispidulous, occasionally densely hirtellous or aculeate at the apex; ovary 2-3 mm long; style ca. 5 mm long, puberulous; stigmas (0.2-)3-7 mm long; bracts a few to numerous (40-50), ovate to subulate, often ± swollen, indumentum similar to that of the perianth. Infructescences 1-4 cm diam.; fruiting perianth 1.5-2 cm long, with yellowish warts; fruit ca. 1.3-1.8 × 1-1.5(-2) cm; bracts often cushion-shaped and apiculate or almost spine-like, to 1 cm long.

Discussion

In the northern part of the species range (Mexico, Guatemala, and Belize) the stipules can be as long as 8 cm; elsewhere the stipules can be to 6 cm long on quickly growing shoots, although in Panama and Colombia they usually are no longer than 3 cm. The pistillate inflorescences have relatively long peduncles in the northern part of the species range, but they are to (sub)sessile in Venezuela, Colombia, and Ecuador. In the southern part of the species area (e.g., Ecuador and Bolivia) the number of pistillate flowers per inflorescence is often small, 2-3, but northwards it increases to 15.

Common Names

chile amate, mazi toto, camero, Chirimoya, amate bianco, abasbabi, chagane, come de pescado, huichiláma, guachilamo, guarilama, mastate, kal-dtsi, mastate, tetsi, mastate, ikor-wala, omeganiko, cucua, cocua or cucua, cocua, damagua, cucuá, damaque, punte, corbon, guaritota, higueron habillo, mahana, damagua, damajagua blanca, majagua, majagua, matopalo, k’aráp’ácha, kamush, Kiriniróki, Yanchama, Yanchama, maja-seji or maja-sehi, maja-nei, Yanchama, chanchama, corocho, tachiore or tachori

Distribution

From southern Mexico to northeastern Guatemala and southern Belize and from Costa Rica through the Andean region to northern Venezuela, to Amazonian Bolivia, and to Acre (Brazil); in wet forest; to ca. 1500 m, in Colombia to ca. 2000 m.

Mexico North America| Chiapas Mexico North America| Oaxaca Mexico North America| Tabasco Mexico North America| Veracruz Mexico North America| Guatemala Central America| Izabal Guatemala Central America| Petén Guatemala Central America| Belize Central America| Toledo Belize Central America| Costa Rica South America| Alajuela Costa Rica Central America| Cartago Costa Rica Central America| Limón Costa Rica Central America| Puntarenas Costa Rica Central America| Panama Central America| Bocas del Toro Panamá Central America| Colón Panama Central America| Panamá Panama Central America| San Blás Panama Central America| Colombia South America| Antioquia Colombia South America| Chocó Colombia South America| Cundinamarca Colombia South America| Guajira Colombia South America| Magdalena Colombia South America| Meta Colombia South America| Nariño Colombia South America| Putumayo Colombia South America| Quindío Colombia South America| Tolima Colombia South America| Valle Colombia South America| Venezuela South America| Aragua Venezuela South America| Distrito Federal Brazil South America| Mérida Venezuela South America| Sucre Venezuela South America| Zulia Venezuela South America| Ecuador South America| Azuay Ecuador South America| Bolívar Ecuador South America| Carchi Ecuador South America| Esmeraldas Ecuador South America| Los Ríos Ecuador South America| Manabí Ecuador South America| Napo Ecuador South America| Pichincha Ecuador South America| Sucumbíos Ecuador South America| Peru South America| Amazonas Peru South America| Ayacucho Peru South America| Huánuco Peru South America| Loreto Peru South America| Madre de Dios Peru South America| Pasco Peru South America| San Martín Peru South America| Mariscal Caceres Peru South America| Ucayali Peru South America| Brazil South America| Beni Bolivia South America| La Paz Bolivia South America| Pando Bolivia South America| Santa Cruz Bolivia South America|