Senna pilifera (Vogel) H.S.Irwin & Barneby var. pilifera
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Authors
Howard S. Irwin, Rupert C. Barneby
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Authority
Irwin, Howard S. & Barneby, Rupert C. 1982. The American Cassiinae. A synoptical revision of Leguminosae tribe Cassieae subtrib Cassiinae in the New World. Mem. New York Bot. Gard. 35, part 1: 1-454.
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Family
Caesalpiniaceae
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Scientific Name
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Type
Holotypus, †B = F Neg. 1730; neoholotypus, former isotypus, K! = NY Neg. 1457; isotypi FI (hb. Webb.), G, LE, W!—Emelista pilifera (Vogel) Pittier, J. Wash. Acad. Sci. 19: 176. 1929, nom. sub- nud.
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Synonyms
Cassia pilifera Vogel, Cassia pilifera f. sericea Chodat & Hassl., Cassia pilifera f. pilosa Chodat & Hassl., Cassia ignorata Hoehne
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Description
Variety Description - Herbaceous from slender oblique blackish, sometimes rhizomelike rootstock; petioles 1-4 cm, mostly 0.7-1.5 mm diam; distal lfts 2-6.5(-8) x 1-3.5 cm, the tertiary and reticular venulation prominulous usually on both faces, always sharply so beneath; pedicels (1.3-)2-5 cm; style 0.3-0.6 mm diam just below apex, thence narrowed to the oblique stigmatic cavity; locules of pod 6-9 x 2.7-4 mm; areole of seeds 2.5-3 x 0.5-0.75 mm; otherwise as given in key.[Key: "Stems either diffusely weakly ascending or prostrate and distally incurved, mostly 1.5-5, exceptionally to 10 dm; lf-rachis 7-15 mm; fls relatively large, the longest sepal 8-13 mm, the longest petal 24-36 mm; anthers of 3 abaxial stamens (excluding beak) (9-) 10-15 mm; seeds 5.5-6.6 mm long, the testa atropurpureous; around and within Gran Chaco and floristically related savanna regions in S. America s.-ward from lat. 24°S: s.-e. Bolivia, n.-w. and n.-e. Argentina, e. to the Parana-Paraguai slope of the Brazilian planalto, s. to e. Sao Paulo, centr. Parana, e. Rio Grande do Sul and Uruguay."]—Collections: 77.
Distribution and Ecology - Campos, pastures, periodically flooded pastizal or brejo, becoming weedy in trampled and grazed savanna, degraded cerrado, along roadsides and in regenerating woodland, mostly 200-550 m, up to 850 m in Goias and ±1200 m along the Andean piedmont, widely interruptedly dispersed through and around the Paraguai-Parana basin in s.-e. Bolivia (Sta. Cruz), n.-w. and n.-e. Argentina (Jujuy and Salta; Corrientes and Misiones), Paraguay and s.-e. Brazil (s. Mato Grosso, s.-w. Goias, the Triangulo Mineiro and Sao Paulo, there disjunctly e. to long. 47°, s. to centr. Parana and w. Rio Grande do Sul), reported from Uruguay (Bentham, 1871, l.c.).—Fl. X-V(-VI).
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Discussion
This is the decumbent, large-flowered garbanzo del campo, described by Bur- kart (1952, pp. 166 in clave, 168) as rhizomatous and sometimes for that reason difficult to extirpate from tilled land. It is strikingly different from the erect, non-rhizomatous, small-flowered types which have passed as Cassia pilifera in Mexico and Central America but not always very clearly, at least in the herbarium, from relatively large-flowered forms of var. maritima native to south-central Goias. For commentary see under the next.
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Distribution
Goiás Brazil South America| Santa Cruz Bolivia South America| Jujuy Argentina South America| Salta Argentina South America| Corrientes Argentina South America| Misiones Argentina South America| Mato Grosso Brazil South America| São Paulo Brazil South America| Paraná Brazil South America| Rio Grande do Sul Brazil South America| Uruguay South America| Paraguay South America|