Parkia panurensis Benth.

Authority

Hopkins, Helen C. F. 1986. Parkia (Leguminosae: Mimosoideae). Fl. Neotrop. Monogr. 43: 1-124. (Published by NYBG Press)

Family

Mimosaceae

Scientific Name

Parkia panurensis Benth.

Type

Type. Brazil. Amazonas: Rio Uaupés, near Panuré [Ipanoré], Feb 1853 (fl & imm fr), Spruce 2727 (holotype, K, photos, NY, S, US; isotypes, BM, BR, P).

Synonyms

Parkia pectinata Benth.

Description

Species Description - Tree to 18-35 m high. Leaves alternate, to 30 cm long. Petiole bearing a single elliptical gland on upper side between base and first pair of pinnae. Pinnae 6-15 pairs, opposite or subopposite. Leaflets 28-41 pairs, opposite, sigmoidally curved, 7-13 x 1.5-3 mm, apex acute or obtuse, base often strongly auriculate; main nerve sigmoid, curving towards distal margin at apex. Compound inflorescence axis horizontal to ascending, projecting beyond foliage, unbranched, ca. 0.5-1 m long. Peduncles to ca. ten per inflorescence, alternate, pendent, 5-26 cm long. Capitula 4.5-7 cm long, biglobose with basal staminodial fringe 4-6 cm diam. and apical part spherical or ellipsoid, 2.5-3.5 cm diam. Hermaphrodite flowers: calyx 7-9 mm long (including pseudopedicel of 0.5-1.5 mm), the lobes to ca. 1 mm long; corolla 8-11 mm long, the lobes 0.5-1 mm long; filaments exserted ca. 2-3 mm beyond calyx, free ± to base. Nectar-secreting flowers: calyx 6.5-9.5 mm long. Staminodial flowers: calyx to 8-11 mm long; corolla 9-14 mm long, the lobes 1-2 mm long; filaments exserted to 32 mm beyond calyx, irregularly united to neck of corolla. Pods strap-shaped, sometimes curved, 8.5—35 (including stipe of 0.5-7 cm) x 3.2-5.5 cm, the sutures somewhat thickened, and the coriaceous, indehiscent, sometimes velutinous valves shallowly corrugated; the cavity when fresh containing amber-colored sticky or crystalline gum. Seeds to 23 per pod, 13-18.5 x 6-12 x 5-8.5 mm, testa black. Field characters. Varying from a small to medium sized tree with a narrow bole and smallish crown to a large tree with a bole more than 1 m diameter, especially in the western part of its range. Bark sometimes reddish. Buds golden-brown. Capitula at anthesis have a bright red staminodial fringe, and the fertile and nectar-secreting flowers appear bright yellow from their anthers, the corolla itself being pale pink and the filaments cream. The pods are brown to reddish-brown, when immature often densely velutinous, when mature less so.

Discussion

Taxonomy and relationships. This species was formerly confused with Inga pectinata Willdenow. Its relationship with P. reticulata is described under that species. The possibility of hybridization with P. igneiflora, to which it is also closely related, was discussed on p. 51.

Distribution and Ecology: Central and western Amazonian Brazil, Amazonian Colombia, Ecuador, and Peru, and southern Venezuela. It grows principally in forest on sandy soils (caatinga forest), and also in caatinga woodland, at up to 300 m altitude. It is largely a terra firme species although sometimes recorded from near streams or other damp situations, and occasionally from igapó. Flowering is usually recorded at the beginning of the year, or later in Venezuela. Near Manaus, new leaves were produced in September.

Common Names

Hain-’hoo, má-pa, ken, guama de Perro, poá, Casabe murciélago, claveillina, Faveira, visgueiro, arara-tucupi, manopé

Objects

Specimen - 01190409, W. A. Ducke 380, Parkia panurensis Benth., Mimosaceae (149.0), Magnoliophyta; South America, Brazil, Amapá, Macapá Mun.

Specimen - 00935210, B. A. Krukoff 1539, Parkia panurensis Benth., Mimosaceae (149.0), Magnoliophyta; South America, Brazil, Rondônia

Distribution

Colombia South America| Vaupés Colombia South America| Amazonas Colombia South America| Venezuela South America| Amazonas Venezuela South America| Ecuador South America| Napo Ecuador South America| Peru South America| Loreto Peru South America| Brazil South America| Amazonas Brazil South America| Pará Brazil South America| Mato Grosso Brazil South America|