Tabebuia rosea (Bertol.) Bertero ex A.DC.
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Authority
Gentry, Alwyn H. 1992. Bignoniaceae--part II (Tribe Tecomeae). Fl. Neotrop. Monogr. 25: 1-370. (Published by NYBG Press)
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Family
Bignoniaceae
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Scientific Name
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Type
Type. Guatemala. Escuintla, Velasquez s.n. (FI, fide Sandwith).
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Synonyms
Tecoma rosea Bertol., Tecoma mexicana Mart. ex DC., Sparattosperma roseum (Bertol.) Miers, Tabebuia mexicana (Mart. ex DC.) Hemsl., Tabebuia pentaphylla (L.) Hemsl., Couralia rosea (Bertol.) Donn.Sm., Tecoma evenia Donn.Sm., Tecoma punctatissima Kraenzl., Tabebuia punctatissima (Kraenzl.) Standl.
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Description
Species Description - Tree to 25 or 30 m tall and 1 m dbh, the bark narrowly vertically fissured with corky ridges, dark gray to blackish; wood superficially similar to oak, of medium density, light grayish brown with distinct striped pattern of brown paratracheal parenchyma, when fresh with faint sweet odor suggesting watermelon; twigs subtetragonal, lepidote, with thick pith. Leaves palmately 5-foliolate, often anisophyllous, the leaflets elliptic to elliptic-oblong, acute to acuminate, basally rounded to cuneate, the terminal leaflet 8-35 cm long and 3-18 cm wide, the laterals progressively smaller, entire, subcoriaceous to chartaceous, lepidote above and below, gray-green when dry, the terminal petiolule 3-11 cm long, the basal petiolules 0.2-2.4 cm long, the petiole 5-32 cm long, lepidote. Inflorescence a terminal panicle with a pair of subulate bracts subtending each dichotomy, the branches densely lepidote. Flowers with calyx cupular, bilabiate, 11-21 mm long, 6-12 mm wide, densely lepidote; corolla pinkish-lavender to magenta or almost white, the throat opening yellow, turning white, tubular-infundibuliform, 5-10 cm long, 1.5-3.2 cm wide at mouth of tube, the tube 3-5.8 cm long, the lobes 2-2.5 cm long, glabrous outside, the lobes ciliate, sparsely pubescent inside with small mostly unicellular trichomes on throat ridges and gland-tipped trichomes at stamen insertion; stamens didynamous, the thecae divaricate, 2.5-3.5 mm long; pistil 1.9-3.2 cm long, the ovary linear, 5-8 mm long, 1 mm wide, densely lepidote, the ovules 2-seriate in each locule; disk tapered-cupular, 2-3 mm long, 3-3.5 mm wide. Fruit a linear-cylindric capsule, attenuate at both ends, 22-38 cm long, 0.9-1.5 cm wide, lepidote, the calyx usually persistent, seeds 0.7-1.0 cm long, 2.8-4.4 cm wide, the wings hyaline-membranaceous, sharply demarcated from seed body.
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Discussion
Although it occurs exclusively on continental America, this species is most closely related to the Antillean taxa. It is the only continental Tabebuia species with lavender to magenta flowers and a glabrous corolla tube and lepidote but otherwise glabrous calyx. It is widely cultivated. When grown in the West Indies, it can be distinguished from closely related T. heterophylla and other local species by the uniformly 5-foliolate leaves with more acuminate elliptic leaflets.
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Common Names
amapola, macuiliz , maculiz, primavera, roble, roble colorado, roble prieto, Apamate, roble
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Distribution
Southern Mexico to Venezuela and coastal Ecuador; occurs in a variety of habitats, but especially in somewhat swampy forest. Also widely cultivated; sea level to 1200 m elevation.
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