Rollinia pittieri Saff.
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Authority
Maas, Paulus J. M., et al. 1992. Rollinia. Fl. Neotrop. Monogr. 57: 1-188. (Published by NYBG Press)
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Family
Annonaceae
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Scientific Name
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Type
Type: Panama. San Blas: Plain of Sperdi, near Puerto Obaldia, near sea level, Sep 1911 (fl), Pittier 4358 (holotype, US).
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Synonyms
Rollinia papilionella Diels, Rollinia microsepala Standl.
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Description
Species Description - Tree, to 40 m tall and to 80 cm in diam. Leafy twigs and petioles densely (to sparsely) covered with whitish to brownish, (mostly) appressed, simple hairs generally less than 0.5 mm long. Petioles 7-16 mm long, l-2(-4) mm in diam. Lamina (narrowly) elliptic-ovate, -obovate or -oblong, chartaceous to subcoriaceous, light (olive-)green to light brown (dark, shiny green in vivo) above, greenish-brown to brown (greyish-green in vivo) and often papillate below, (7-)9-17(-35) cm long, 3-7(-14) cm wide, sparsely (to rather densely) covered with whitish to brownish, crisped, appressed to erect, simple hairs above, densely to sparsely covered with whitish, shiny, (mainly) appressed, simple hairs mostly less than 0.5 mm long below, lower epidermal surface mostly greyish farinose in appearance, base variable from cuneate (acute) to rounded (or truncate), apex acuminate, acute, to obtuse, the tip itself acute to obtuse; secondary veins slightly curved to straight, 10-20 on either side of primary vein, occasionally with some intersecondaries, angles with primary vein 40-70°, smallest distance between loops and margin 0.51.5 mm, tertiary veins (1-3 per intercosta, weakly percurrent to) reticulate. Domatia occasionally present. Inflorescences supra-axillary to leaf-opposed, often at the base of new growth, rarely terminal on short axillary shoot, 1-5-flowered, peduncles, pedicels, outer side of bracts, outer side of sepals and corolla densely (peduncles and pedicels to rather densely) covered with (whitish to) brownish, appressed (to erect) hairs mostly less than 0.5 mm long. Peduncles 1-3 mm long, 1-1.5 mm in diam., fruiting peduncles to 5 mm long, to 5 mm in diam. Pedicels (12-) 15-35(-40) mm long, 0.7-1.5 mm in diam., fruiting pedicels to 70 mm long, 2-5 {-7} mm in diam. Bracts triangular to ovate-triangular, 1-1.5(-2) mm long, upper bract almost basal to inserted in the lower 2/5 (rarely more) of the pedicel. Flowers green suffused with red-brown or yellow-orange in vivo. Sepals free, well-spaced to contiguous, appressed, triangular (to broadly triangular), (l-)2-2.5 mm long, 2-3 mm wide, acute to acuminate, gibbous. Corolla tube 2-3 mm high, 5-7 mm in diam., wings obovate (to narrowly obovate), horizontal, 20-30 mm long, 10-18 mm high, 0.5-1 mm thick, index = 1.5-2. Fruit globose to broadly ovoid, 1.5-3.5{-4} cm long, 1.5-3{-4} cm in diam., green, yellowish-green, or greenish-brown in vivo, orange-brown to grey-brown when dry, composed of ca. 30-50(-100) carpels, densely covered with brownish, crisped hairs, areoles hexagonal, mostly not protruding or with tiny apicule, (4-)5-10 × (2-)3-6 mm, apicule acute to obtuse, to 1 mm high, surface smooth to verruculose; wall (1.5-)2-3 mm thick. Seeds 6-9 × 4-5 mm. Chromosome number: 2n = 14.
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Discussion
There is incidental mention of wood being used for timber (Merker & Scholten 3044, Pennington & Tenorio 10793).
The most characteristic feature of this species are the very smooth fruits with non- or hardly-protruding areoles, and the flowers, which often have conspicuously large and very thin wings, both in an absolute sense and in relation to the corolla tube. As a matter of fact, probably the largest flowers in the genus (as seen by wing size) occur in this species. However, not all specimens show such wing development to the same extent. Specimens from the northern part of the range (Central America to Colombia) often have leaves with cuneate to acute base, whereas forms with (more) rounded leaf bases (and larger leaf width) are found most frequently in the south. Indeed, the former have been granted specific status as Rollinia microsepala. There are, however, intermediates, particularly in the south, so that it is practically impossible to maintain it as a separate species. Noteworthy are collections from Choco, Colombia, because of the marked tendency towards an obovate leaf shape, and the collection Maas et al 6501 from Narino, because of the large size of leaves and fruits. Finally, the greyish farinose layer covering the lower leaf epidermis, distinctly visible under a powerful hand lens, and causing the greyish color of the underside of the leaves, is a good vegetative character by which R. pittieri usually can be recognized.R. pittieri comes closest to R. danforthii and R. edulis; see also notes under those species. -
Common Names
anonillo, Chiová, Chirimoyo, majagua, Sapán, Ungua, Anonilla, Carahuasca, Yugkua, Yugkuánim, Cuhuchi
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Objects
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Distribution
Central America from Nicaragua southward and Western South America as far as Bolivia and the State of Rondônia, Brazil. In forest, also disturbed forest and in cultivated areas, at altitudes from sea level up to about 1000 m. Flowering and fruiting practically throughout the year.
Nicaragua Central America| Zelaya Nicaragua Central America| Costa Rica South America| Alajuela Costa Rica Central America| Cartago Costa Rica Central America| Guanacaste Costa Rica Central America| Heredia Costa Rica Central America| Limón Costa Rica Central America| Puntarenas Costa Rica Central America| Panama Central America| Bocas del Toro Panamá Central America| Colón Panama Central America| Panamá Panama Central America| San Blás Panama Central America| Colombia South America| Antioquia Colombia South America| Bolívar Colombia South America| Chocó Colombia South America| Nariño Colombia South America| Ecuador South America| Esmeraldas Ecuador South America| Morona-Santiago Ecuador South America| Napo Ecuador South America| Pastaza Ecuador South America| Zamora-Chinchipe Ecuador South America| Peru South America| Amazonas Peru South America| Huánuco Peru South America| Junín Peru South America| Loreto Peru South America| Maynas Peru South America| Madre de Dios Peru South America| Ucayali Peru South America| Rondônia Brazil South America| Brazil South America| Santa Cruz Bolivia South America|