Pilopogon guadeloupensis (Brid.) J.-P.Frahm
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Authority
Frahm, Jan-Peter. 1991. Dicranaceae: Campylopodioideae, Paraleucobryoideae. Fl. Neotrop. Monogr. 54: 1-238. (Published by NYBG Press)
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Family
Dicranaceae
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Scientific Name
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Synonyms
Pilopogon gracilis (Hook.) Brid., Didymodon gracilis Hook., Pilopogon bernoullii (Müll.Hal.) Müll.Hal., Pilopogon calycinus Schimp., Pilopogon capitiflorus Ångstr. & Müll.Hal., Pilopogon glabrisetus Müll.Hal., Campylopus liliputanus (Müll.Hal.) Broth., Pilopogon longefimbriatus Schimp., Pilopogon microcarpus Geh. & Hampe, Pilopogon subjulaceus Hampe, Campylopus guadalupensis (Brid.) Mitt., Pilopogon gracilis var. bernoullii Müll.Hal., Pilopogon liliputanus Müll.Hal.
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Description
Species Description - Plants very variable in size, from 0.5 to 15 cm high, generally 2-5 cm, yellowish to dirty or brownish green. Stems very slender, equally foliate with appressed leaves, only the perichaetia comose, tomentose in wet habitats. Leaves narrowly lanceolate, 3-5 mm long, with excurrent costa, smooth at margins. Nerve occupying 1/2 of the leaf base, ribbed at back, excurrent in a serrate awn. Excurrent part of the nerve short in lower leaves to as long as the lamina in upper leaves. Perichaetial leaves from broad sheathing base abruptly narrowed to the long excurrent nerve, the excurrent part of the nerve sometimes hyaline or subhyaline. Alar cells indistinct or absent. Lower laminal cells rectangular, hyaline and thin-walled, 6-9 x 40-60 µm. Upper laminal cells elongate oval, thick-walled, 4-8 × 20-28 µm. Seta length variable, 10-20 mm, nearly totally surrounded by the perichaetial leaves. Urn 2-3 mm long, 4-6 times longer than broad, cylindrical, erect or sometimes slightly asymmetric and curved or slightly broader at base. Peristome teeth undivided, filiform, densely papillose. Operculum rostrate, half as long as the urn. Calyptra ciliate at base.
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Discussion
All varieties of P. gracilis described (var. bernoullii C. Muller, var. comigera C. Muller, var. divaricatus Herzog, var. parvus C. Muller and var. pittieri Renauld & Cardot) are expressions of the broad variability in this widespread species and are not of taxonomic value. This species varies much regarding size and color. Even blackish forms have been found. Occasionally, the excurrent parts of the costaes may be subhyaline or even hyaline in perichaetial leaves, which may cause confusion with normally hair-pointed species as P. laevis and P. peruvianus.
The Brazilian population, which is disjunct from the main range of this species, has even been separated as P. subjulaceus. It differs by the length of the setae, which is about 10 mm in P. subjulaceus and about 18 mm in the Andean population of P. guadeloupensis, but this seems to be the only differing character and not sufficient to split P. subjulaceus from P. guadeloupensis.Pilopogon guadeloupensis is a relatively common species in the neotropics. The list of specimens examined gives an insufficient impression of the herbarium material, which has accumulated during the past hundred years and which was collected mostly at the same localities. Thus, about a hundred specimens have been collected on the Blue Mountains of Jamaica alone, and several dozens in the Itatiaia Mountains in Brazil. -
Objects
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Distribution
On open bare gravelly soil from the lowlands up to 4900 m, preferably in altitudes between 1500 and 3500 m in Mexico, Guatemala, Costa Rica, Dominican Republic, Jamaica, Guadeloupe, Venezuela, Colombia, Ecuador, Peru, Bolivia and SE Brazil.
Mexico North America| Chiapas Mexico North America| Hidalgo Mexico North America| Oaxaca Mexico North America| Puebla Mexico North America| Veracruz Mexico North America| Guatemala Central America| San Marcos Guatemala Central America| Quezaltenango Guatemala Central America| Baja Verapaz Guatemala Central America| Costa Rica South America| Alajuela Costa Rica Central America| Cartago Costa Rica Central America| Heredia Costa Rica Central America| San José Costa Rica Central America| Jamaica South America| Haiti South America| Dominican Republic South America| La Vega Dominican Republic South America| Independencia Dominican Republic South America| Peravia Dominican Republic South America| Guadeloupe South America| Colombia South America| Antioquia Colombia South America| Arauca Colombia South America| Boyacá Colombia South America| Cundinamarca Colombia South America| Cauca Colombia South America| Nariño Colombia South America| Risaralda Colombia South America| Santander Colombia South America| Tolima Colombia South America| Mérida Venezuela South America| Trujillo Venezuela South America| Ecuador South America| Azuay Ecuador South America| Carchi Ecuador South America| Chimborazo Ecuador South America| Napo Ecuador South America| Pichincha Ecuador South America| Peru South America| Amazonas Peru South America| Ancash Peru South America| Apurímac Peru South America| Ayacucho Peru South America| Huánuco Peru South America| Puno Peru South America| San Martín Peru South America| Bolivia South America| Cochabamba Bolivia South America| La Paz Bolivia South America| Santa Cruz Bolivia South America| Brazil South America| Minas Gerais Brazil South America| Paraná Brazil South America| Rio de Janeiro Brazil South America| Rio Grande do Sul Brazil South America| São Paulo Brazil South America|