Chrysophyllum paranaense T.D.Penn.
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Authority
Pennington, Terence D. 1990. Sapotaceae. Fl. Neotrop. Monogr. 52: 1-750. (Published by NYBG Press)
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Family
Sapotaceae
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Scientific Name
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Type
Type. Brazil. Parana: Mun. Paranagua, Sertãozinho, Jan 1970 (fl, fr), Hatschbach 23329 (holotype, K; isotypes, MO, NY).
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Description
Latin Diagnosis - Arbor; ramuli novelli arete adpresse puberuli, pilis aureis, demum glabri, pallide cinerascenti-bubalini, interdum leviter suberosi, elenticellati. Folia 7.5-19 × 3.2-6.5 cm, elliptica, oblonga vel oblanceolata, apice breviter et anguste attenuata, basi obtusa vel rotundata, supra glabra, infra arete sericea, pilis argentiis vel stramineis, interdum tandem subglabra; venatio eucamptodroma; costa supra leviter impressa; nervi secundarii 9-15-jugi, paralleli vel leviter convergentes, arcuati; nervi intersecundarii breves vel nulli; nervi tertiarii pauci, laxe reticulati. Petiolus 0.5-1.1 cm longus, canaliculata, breviter sericeus. Fasciculi 2-10-flori. Pedicellus 0.9-1.1 cm longus, sericeus, in fructu elongatus. Flores bisexuales. Sepala quinque, 3-4 mm longa, ovata, apice acuta vel obtusa, extus sericea, glabro margine hyalino, intus prope apicem cum indumento adpresso. Corolla 5.5-6.5 mm longa; tubus 4-4.5 mm longus; lobi quinque, 2-2.5 mm longi, oblongi, apice rotundati, glabri. Stamina quinque, medio vel indimidio inferiore tubo corollae affixa; filamenta 1.5-2.5 mm longa, glabra; antherae ca. 1.5 mm longae, lanceolatae usque ovatae, parce et longe hirsutae. Ovarium anguste pyramidale ad stylum decrescens, quinqueloculare, adpresse pubescens; stylus post anthesin ca. 3 mm longus, prope basim hirsutus; styli capitulum minute lobatum. Fructus 2-3.2 × 1-1.5 cm, ellipsoideus, apice decrescens, longo stylo persistente, basi decrescens, laevis, parce et adpresse puberulus vel glaber; pericarpium camosum. Semen solitarium, 1.5-1.8 cm longum, anguste obovoideum vel ellipsoideum, apice rotundatum, basi decrescens, lateraliter compressum, testa laevis, nitida, dimidio superiore paullum sculpturata, 0.3-0.5 mm crassa; cicatrix lata, basi-ventralis, anguste cordata, fere tertia parte semine brevior; embryo cotyledonibus crassis planis, radicula exserta, albumen cotyledones aequans.
Species Description - Tree; young shoots closely appressed puberulous with golden hairs, becoming glabrous, pale greyish-buff, sometimes slightly suberous, without lenticels. Leaves 7.5-19 × 3.2-6.5 cm, elliptic, oblong or oblanceolate, apex shortly narrowly attenuate, base obtuse or rounded, glabrous above, closely sericeous below with silvery or straw-coloured hairs, sometimes becoming subglabrous; venation eucamptodromous, midrib slightly sunken on the upper surface, secondary veins 9-15 pairs, parallel or slightly convergent, arcuate; intersecondaries short or absent; tertiaries few, forming a lax reticulum. Petiole 0.5-1.1 cm long, channelled, shortly sericeous. Fascicles 2-10-flowered. Pedicel 0.9-1.1 cm long, elongating in fruit, sericeous. Flowers bisexual. Sepals five, 3-4 mm long, ovate, apex acute or obtuse, outside sericeous with a hyaline glabrous margin, inside with some appressed indumentum near the apex. Corolla 5.5-6.5 mm long, tube 4-4.5 mm long, lobes five, 2-2.5 mm long, oblong, apex rounded, glabrous. Stamens five, fixed about one-third to one-half the way up the corolla tube, filaments 1.5-2.5 mm long, glabrous; anthers ca. 1.5 mm long, lanceolate to ovate, sparsely long-hairy. Ovary narrowly pyramidal tapering gradually to the style, five-locular, appressed pubescent; style ca. 3 mm long after anthesis, hairy below; style-head minutely lobed. Fruit 2-3.2 × 1-1.5 cm, ellipsoid, apex tapering, with long, persistent style, base tapered, smooth, sparsely appressed puberulous or glabrous; pericarp fleshy. Seed solitary, 1.5-1.8 cm long, narrowly obovoid or ellipsoid, apex rounded, base tapered, laterally compressed, testa smooth, shiny, with some slight sculpturing in the upper half, 0.3-0.5 mm thick; scar broad, basi-ventral, narrowly cordate, about two-thirds the length of the seed; embryo with thick flat cotyledons and exserted radicle, endosperm about as thick as the cotyledons. Field characters. Tree to 8 m high and 15 cm diam., trunk with white latex. Flowers greenish-cream, mature fruit wine-coloured. Flowering Jan to Feb, single fruiting collection Jan.
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Objects
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Distribution
Paraná and São Paulo, Brazil, where it is found in lowland evergreen rain forest near the coast, sea level to 120 m altitude.
Brazil South America| Paraná Brazil South America| São Paulo Brazil South America|