Pouteria guianensis Aubl.
-
Authority
Pennington, Terence D. 1990. Sapotaceae. Fl. Neotrop. Monogr. 52: 1-750. (Published by NYBG Press)
-
Family
Sapotaceae
-
Scientific Name
-
Type
Type. French Guiana. Without exact locality, (st), Aublet s.n. (holotype, P (herb. J. J. Rousseau Cat. vol. 3: 101); isotype, BM).
-
Synonyms
Labatia pedunculata Willd., Pouteria pedunculata (Hemsl.) Baehni, Lucuma psammophila var. macrophylla Raunk., Labatia tovarensis Engl., Guapeba glazioveana Pierre, Pouteria tovarensis Engl., Lucuma hartii Hemsl., Krugella hartii Pierre, Lucuma glazioviana Pierre ex Glaz., Pouteria glazioviana Dubard, Pouteria hartii (Hemsl.) Dubard, Pouteria obidensis Huber, Pouteria demerarae Sandwith, Lucuma huallagae Standl., Pouteria caimito var. strigosa Monach., Pouteria cuatrecasasii Aubrév.
-
Description
Species Description - Tree; young shoots finely appressed puberulous, becoming glabrous, greyish-brown, fissured or scaling, without lenticels. Leaves clustered, spirally arranged, (8-) 13-25(-50) × (2.7-)5-10 cm, oblanceolate to oblong-elliptic, apex narrowly attenuate to rounded, bases usually acute, rarely narrowly cuneate or attenuate, coriaceous, glabrous above or with sparse appressed indumentum along the midrib, minutely sericeous below with brownish hairs or glabrous; venation eucamptodromous, or rarely brochidodromous, marginal vein present, midrib slightly raised on the upper surface, but usually recessed, secondary veins 13-22 pairs, convergent or parallel, arcuate or straight; intersecondaries usually poorly developed or absent; tertiaries oblique, sometimes obscure; quaternaries reticulate. Petiole (1.5-)2-5 cm long, margin strongly infolded, appressed puberulous. Fascicles 2-5(-10)-flowered, axillary and below the leaves. Pedicel 1-6 mm long, appressed puberulous. Flowers bisexual. Sepals four, 0.3-1 cm long, broadly ovate or oblong, apex obtuse to rounded, appressed puberulous to sericeous outside, often with a broad glabrous margin, glabrous inside, often ciliate. Corolla broadly tubular, 0.5-1.4 cm long, tube 0.4-1 cm long, lobes four, 1.5-4 mm long, broadly oblong to suborbicular, apex truncate or rounded, sometimes ciliate. Stamens four, fixed between one-quarter and three-quarters up the corolla; filaments 2-4 mm long, glabrous; anthers 1-2.25 mm long, broadly lanceolate or ovate, glabrous. Staminodes four, 0.75-2 mm long, subulate, glabrous. Disk absent. Ovary broadly ovoid to globose, four-locular, densely long-strigose; style 0.4-1.1 cm long after anthesis, often slightly exserted, glabrous; style-head simple. Fruit 3-7 cm long, globose, rounded or truncate at base and apex, smooth or rarely verrucose, tomentose to appressed puberulous at first, usually maturing glabrous. Seeds 2-4, 1.7-3.3 cm long, ellipsoid or plano-convex, rounded at base and apex, testa hard, smooth, shining, 0.4-1 mm thick; scar broad, adaxial and often extending around the base, 0.6-1.1 cm broad; embryo with plano-convex free cotyledons, radicle extending to the surface; endosperm absent. Field characters. Tree to 40 m high and 90 cm diam. with steep, slender thick buttresses or trunk merely strongly fluted from base; bole usually fluted above. Bark reddish brown, finely vertically fissured or cracked, and scaling in long thin narrow friable strips; slash pale brown or cream, exuding sticky white latex; wood red. Flowers pale green, fruit ripening orange-yellow. Flowering throughout the range mostly Aug-Jan, fruit maturing Dec-Apr.
-
Discussion
The wood provides a useful construction timber, which is used locally in the Guianas, Amazonian Brazil and Peru. In the past, the latex has been used as a source of balata. The fruit is edible, and similar in flavour to that of P. caimito.
Distribution and Ecology: Trinidad, W Colombia (Choco) to the Guianas, Amazonian Brazil and Peru, coastal Brazil (Rio de Janeiro), in seasonal evergreen forest on non-flooded land throughout Amazonia, also in wet montane and cloud forest in N Venezuela where it reaches 2500 m altitude. It also occurs as a canopy dominant in Eschweilera-Licania dominated rain forest in lowland Guyana (Fanshawe, 1952: 5).
-
Common Names
Abiu, Abiurana, abiurana abiu, abiurana casca fina, abiurana gigante, abiurana sabia, asepoko, asipoko, balata, balata kamwi, bayastillo, caimito, caimito morado, carrizalero, contrevent, coquirana caranazal, gutta percha, huangana caspi, Jaune d’Oeuf, juan Colorado, kamahora, mamurillo, nispero del monte, purvio amarillo, quinilla blanca, uchpa quinilla, wawiyu, wa-won-yek, we-won-yek, wilaka, zolive
-
Objects
-
Distribution
Colombia South America| Antioquia Colombia South America| Chocó Colombia South America| Valle Colombia South America| Venezuela South America| Anzoátegui Venezuela South America| Apure Venezuela South America| Aragua Venezuela South America| Bolívar Venezuela South America| Distrito Federal Venezuela South America| Mérida Venezuela South America| Miranda Venezuela South America| Monagas Venezuela South America| Sucre Venezuela South America| Táchira Venezuela South America| Trujillo Venezuela South America| Yaracuy Venezuela South America| Trinidad and Tobago South America| Guyana South America| Suriname South America| French Guiana South America| Peru South America| Junín Peru South America| Loreto Peru South America| Brazil South America| Amapá Brazil South America| Amazonas Brazil South America| Pará Brazil South America| Rio de Janeiro Brazil South America| Rondônia Brazil South America| Bolivia South America| Pando Bolivia South America|