Rinorea vaupesana L.B.Sm. & A.Fernández
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Authority
Hekking, W. H. A. 1988. violaceae Part l—Rinorea and Rinoreocarpus. Fl. Neotrop. Monogr. 46: i-ii, 1-208. (Published by NYBG Press)
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Family
Violaceae
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Scientific Name
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Type
Type. Colombia. Guainia: Riverside of Río Inírida, Raudal Guacamayo, 69°45'W, 180 m, 4 Feb 1953 (fl, fr), A. Fernández 2128 (holotype, COL; isotypes, F, US).
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Synonyms
Alsodeia racemosa Mart.
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Description
Species Description - Treelet 2-4 m tall. Branchlets appressed brownish to golden pilosulous. Leaves apparently opposite; petioles 2.5-6 mm long, brownish to golden puberulous or pilosulous, especially beneath, glabrescent when older; stipules deciduous, narrowly deltoid, subacute, 2.5-4 x 1-2 mm, herbaceous, brownish to golden strigulose, costate, margin scarious and ciliolate; lamina (narrowly) elliptic to obovate, acuminate, (5-)6.5-18.5 x (1.5-)3-6.5 cm, papery to coricaeous, glabrous above, appressed golden to whitish pilosulous beneath; costa and lateral veins glabrous above, sometimes appressed pilosulous near the base; domatia wanting; lateral veins 11-16 pairs (acumen excluded); tertiary venation scalariform; base rounded to cuneate, slightly decurrent into the petiole; margin (sub)entire; acumen 0.42 cm long, apex (sub)acute to (sub)obtuse, mucronulate. Inflorescences axillary, lateral and subterminal, solitary, narrowly thyrsoid, (3.5-)8-18.5 x 1-2 cm; central axis golden puberulous to strigillose; cymules 1-7 flowered; common peduncle 0.2-0.3 mm long, golden puberulous to strigulose; ‘pedicels’ 1-3.5 mm long, articulate below the middle, golden puberulous to strigulose; bracts and bractlets ovate to deltoid, herbaceous, golden strigulose, ciliolate apex subacute; bracts ca. 0.75 mm long and wide; bractlets 0.25-0.75 mm long and wide. Flower buds tolpoid to ovoid. Flowers drooping, whitish. Sepals (sub)equal, narrowly ovate, 2-2.5 x, 1-1.25 mm, herbaceous, golden strigulose on both sides, margin scarious and ciliate, apex obtuse to emarginate, mucronulate. Petals narrowly ovate, (2.5-)3-4 x 1-1.25 mm, herbaceous, golden strigulose on both sides, especially near the middle inside, margin scarious, ciliate in juvenile flowers, apex obtuse. Stamens 1.75-2.25 mm long, filaments nearly completely fused to a tube; apical part free, 0.1-0.2 x 0.05-0.1 mm, glabrous; filamental tube 0.2-0.3 mm high, sinuate, ciliate; dorsal glands completely fused with the filamental tube; anthers ellipsoid to ovoid, 0.8-1 x 0.5-0.8 mm, glabrous, apex of thecae obtuse, sometimes appendaged by two cusps or setae, up to 1 mm long; connective outside ovate to deltoid, obtuse, 0.3-0.5 x ca. 0.25 mm, glabrous; connective scales lateral as well as apical, (narrowly) ovate, 1.5-2 x 0.5-1 mm, scarious, brownish, glabrous, margin erose, apex obtuse, suberose to subentire. Ovary (sub)globose to trapezoid, ca. 1 x 0.5-0.75 mm, golden villosulous along the ribs; ovules one per placenta. Style filiform to subclavate, erect, deflexed or slightly sigmoid curved towards the anterior petal, 1.25-1.75(-2) mm long, exceeding the stamens by 0.25-0.5(-0.75) mm, completely glabrous; stigma apiculate to obtuse. Capsule often asymmetric, (sub)orbicular, sometimes subtended by subpersistent floral parts, coriaceous, densely minutely golden to whitish pilosulous; valves three, unequal to subequal, the larger one 0.9-1.2 x 0.2-0.5 cm; the two smaller ones ca. 0.6 x 0.2-0.5 cm. Seeds one per valve, (sub)globose, ca. 5 mm in diam., glabrous, shining.
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Discussion
Rinorea vaupesana differs from R. racemosa and R. sprucei by: (1) ovaries and capsules distinctly pilosulous (versus glabrous); (2) its placentation strictly 3 x 1 (in R. racemosa 3 x (12); in R. sprucei strictly 3 x 2); and (3) its seeds larger than 4.5 mm. Rinorea vaupesana and R. villosiflora share the feature of ovaries and capsules distinctly hairy with each other. For more differentiating remarks see under R. villosiflora.
Distribution and Ecology: Rinorea vaupesana is endemic in a small area of NW Amazonia in Brazil Venezuela, and Colombia, including the forest refuge of Upper Imerí (=Vaupés). Occurs in tropical rain forests as well as on white sand savanna forests from 90 to 250 m. Along rivers, inhabiting uninundated as well as scarcely inundated areas. Soil sandy. Flowering and fruiting specimens have been collected during the periods February-April and October-November.
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Distribution
Colombia South America| Guainía Colombia South America| Vaupés Colombia South America| Venezuela South America| Amazonas Venezuela South America| Brazil South America| Amazonas Brazil South America|