Rinorea neglecta Sandwith

  • Authority

    Hekking, W. H. A. 1988. violaceae Part l—Rinorea and Rinoreocarpus. Fl. Neotrop. Monogr. 46: i-ii, 1-208. (Published by NYBG Press)

  • Family

    Violaceae

  • Scientific Name

    Rinorea neglecta Sandwith

  • Type

    Type. Guyana: Mazaruni, Takutu Creek to Puruni River, 14 Aug 1944 (fl), Fanshawe F 2177 (=Forest Dept. 4913) (holotype, K).

  • Description

    Species Description - Tree 1-7 m tall. Branchlets ferruginous hispid and hispidulous when young, glabrescent when older. Leaves apparently opposite, sometimes also ternate; petioles 1-7 mm long, densely ferruginous hispidulous; stipules deciduous, narrowly ovate to subulate, 4-8 x 1-2 mm, coriaceous, sparsely ferruginous pilose(ulous), ciliolate; lamina (narrowly) obovate to elliptic, acuminate, (3-)5-18 x (1.5-)2-6(-7.5) cm, papery to herbaceous, glabrous on both sides; costa whitish to ferruginous puberulous to glabrescent above, ferruginous strigose beneath, especially near the base; domatia occasionally present; lateral veins 9-14 pairs (acumen excluded), glabrous above, sparsely ferruginous strigose to glabrescent beneath; tertiary venation reticulate; base rounded to cuneate, asymmetric, oblique and subauriculate at the petiole; margin serrulate, mucronulate; acumen 0.5-2(-3) cm long, apex subacute to subobtuse, mucronulate. Inflorescences axillary, lateral and subterminal, solitary, racemose, (1-)1.5-6 x ca. 1.5 cm; central axis ferruginous hispid and hispidulous; ‘pedicels’ 2-4 mm long when flowering, 4-7 mm long when fruiting, articulate at ½-1/5 mm from the base, sparsely ferruginous pilosulous to glabrescent; bracts and bractlets ovate, acuminate, herbaceous, ferruginous strigose, ciliolate, apex subacute; bracts 1.5-1.75 x 1-1.5 mm; bractlets subopposite to alternate at the base below the articulation, 1-1.5 x 0.75-1.25 mm. Flower buds ovoid, obtuse. Flowers drooping, white, creamy or yellow, fragrant. Sepals subequal, ovate to deltoid, 1.752 x (0.75-)l-1.25(-1.5) mm, herbaceous, scarious near the margin, ferruginous strigose, ciliolate, apex subacute. Petals narrowly elliptic, (3.5-)4-5 x 1.5-2.25 mm, herbaceous, glabrous also along the margin, apex (sub)obtuse. Stamens 2.75-4 mm long; filaments free, 0.5-1 x 0.2-0.4(-0.6) mm, glabrous; dorsal glands free, adnate to the filaments, (narrowly) elliptic, sometimes reduced, 0.2-1.2 x 0.2-0.6 mm, carnose, glabrous, apex obtuse; anthers narrowly ovoid, 1.25-1.5 x 0.4-0.6 mm, glabrous, apex obtuse to subacute, sometimes appendaged by 1-5 set(ul)ae ca. 0.2 x 0.05-0.1 mm; connective outside narrowly deltoid to elliptic, subobtuse; connective scales lateral as well as apical, ovate, 2-3 x 0.75-1.25 mm, scarious, brownish, suberose near the base, apex obtuse and subentire. Ovary subglobose to conical, 1 mm in diam., golden-whitish pilose; ovules one per placenta. Style filiform, erect (2-)2.5-3.5 mm long, exceeding the stamens by 0.25-0.75 mm, completely glabrous; stigma truncate. Capsule symmetric to asymmetric, ovoid, acuminate, coriaceous to subligneous, sparsely ferruginous pilosulous, veined, apex obtuse; valves three, subequal to unequal, 1-1.75 x 0.5-0.75 cm. Seeds one per valve, subglobose to pyriform, 5-6 mm in diam., pale green when fresh, purplish stained when dried, glabrous. and clays.

  • Discussion

    In Surinam the branchlets are used for sieve-making.

    Rinorea neglecta and R. sylvatica can be distinguished from all other species of this subgroup and from the species of the following Subgroup IIc.7. Ulmifolia by the combination of the following characters: (1) their ferruginous indument; (2) their leaf bases distinctly oblique and distinctly (subcordate and (sub)auriculate; and (3) their inflorescences strictly racemose. Rinorea neglecta is the only species in this subgroup with glabrous seeds; in all other species the seeds are pilosulous. For differences with R. sylvatica see under that species.

    The following specimens of the Kew herbarium (K) have been incorrectly labeled as paratypes, because they have not been published as such by Sandwith (1955): FanshaweF1688 (FDG 4424) (fr); Fanshawe F 3040 (FDG 6370) (fr); Archer 6370 (fr); Archer 7609 (fl).

    Distribution and Ecology: Flowering and fruiting throughout the year. Widespread over Amazonia (Brazil, S Colombia, S Venezuela, NE Peru) and the Guyanas. It is a common undergrowth tree in the understory of primary tropical rain forests, mixed forests and capoeira in lowlands and submountainous regions from 0 to 800 m. Specimens have been collected on slopes of hills and mountains, in gullies and along rivers and creeks. Along rivers the species prefers uninundated areas. It prefers soils consisting of granitic rocks, ferrolateritic gravels, latosolo amarelo, loams and clays.

  • Common Names

    Mamusaré, Manarie tikie , Gaulette, Burangi, Canela de Garça, Canela de Velho, Carapé, Caripé, Inambu guiçana, Jacamín, Marauba

  • Distribution

    Colombia South America| Caquetá Colombia South America| Chocó Colombia South America| Venezuela South America| Amazonas Venezuela South America| Guyana South America| Essequibo Guyana South America| East Demerara Guyana South America| Suriname South America| French Guiana South America| Peru South America| Loreto Peru South America| Brazil South America| Amapá Brazil South America| Amazonas Brazil South America| Maranhão Brazil South America| Pará Brazil South America| Rondônia Brazil South America|