Jacaranda macrocarpa Bureau & K.Schum.
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Authority
Gentry, Alwyn H. 1992. Bignoniaceae--part II (Tribe Tecomeae). Fl. Neotrop. Monogr. 25: 1-370. (Published by NYBG Press)
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Family
Bignoniaceae
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Scientific Name
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Type
Type. Colombia. Río Vaupes, Panure, Spruce 2571 (B*, lectotype, G; isotypes, BR, GOET, K, NY, P, W).
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Description
Species Description - Midcanopy tree 8-20 m tall, to at least 15 cm dbh., the branchlets subtetragonal, glabrous, with numerous small brownish pustulate lenticels. Leaves bipinnate, with 22 to 30 (or more?) pinnae, the rachis rather strongly tetragonal, each pinna with dorsally canaliculate, narrowly subwinged rachis and usually sparsely minutely puberulous inside groove, and 15-31 sessile or subsessile (petiolule <2 mm long) asymmetrically oblong leaflets, these 1-7 cm long and 0.9-2.5 cm wide, apex rounded or obtuse, the base very asymmetrically cuneate, essentially glabrous, usually very sparsely and minutely puberulous with scattered trichomes on midvein below, also lepidote; coriaceous, entire, the margin involute, drying blackish above. Inflorescence a terminal panicle with well-developed central axis and narrow lateral branches, minutely lepidote and puberulous, the bracts inconspicuous. Flowers with the calyx shortly cupular, subtruncate to very shallowly 5-denticulate, 2-3 mm long, 3-4 mm wide, puberulous; corolla bluish white to whitish pink, tubular-campanulate above a very short broad basal tube, 2-2.5 cm long, ca. 1.5 cm wide at the mouth, the lobes 0.5 cm long, the tube 1.5-2 cm long, densely short-puberulous outside, the lobes pilose, tube inside with scattered long weak trichomes in throat, also densely pilose at stamen insertion; stamens didynamous, the anthers dithecate, each theca 1.5-2 mm long, the staminode 1.5-2 cm long, subexserted, densely glandular villous in upper half, the apex strongly T-shaped, each branch of "T" 3-4 mm long and pubescent with short glandular hairs; ovary flattened-ovate, 2 mm long, 2 mm wide, glabrous; disk annular-pulvinate, 1 mm long, 3 mm wide. Fruit narrowly elliptic or obovate-elliptic, woody, with the midrib noticeably raised toward base, 11-21 cm long, 5.5-8 cm wide, the margin not undulate at dehiscence, slightly lepidote, otherwise glabrous, drying dark brown or blackish; seeds relatively large-bodied with a surrounding elliptic wing, 2.8-3 cm long, 5-6 cm wide, the wing hyaline-membranaceous with radial brownish striations, clearly demarcated from the seed body.
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Discussion
Looks rather like J. copaia ssp. copaia in the large leaves with relatively large obtuse leaflets and large flat fruit but presumably not at all closely related on account of the bithecate anthers. The strongly T-shaped staminodial apex, general vegetative gestalt, and white sand habitat suggest that this species may be close to the ancestral stock of Digomphia despite the very different calyx.
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Common Names
huamansamana
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Objects
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Distribution
Restricted to campinarana forests on white-sand soils in northwestern Amazonia; Peru and Colombia, below 400 m alt.
Colombia South America| Amazonas Colombia South America| Peru South America| Loreto Peru South America| San Martín Peru South America| Brazil South America| Amazonas Brazil South America|