Raulinoa echinata R.S.Cowan
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Authority
Kaastra, Roelof C. 1982. A monograph of the Pilocarpinae (Rutaceae). Fl. Neotrop. Monogr. 33: 1-198. (Published by NYBG Press)
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Family
Rutaceae
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Scientific Name
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Type
Type. Reitz & Klein 3828, Brazil. Santa Catarina: "Indaial" (=Apiuna), Subida, 11 Oct 1956, fl & fr (holotype, US-2278676; isotypes, BR, G 2x, HBR (n.v.), K, L, M, NY, UC, Z).
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Description
Species Description - Shrub 2-3 m tall, glabrous except for young petioles; branchlets 2-5 mm in diam., grayish-brown, especially fast-grown branchlets armed with straight, slender spines 0.7-2.5 cm long, which bear flowers and leaves near the base. Petiole semiterete, 2-3 mm long and ca. 0.7 mm thick, not sharply separated from base of blade, minutely pubescent when young with hairs 0.05 mm long; blade narrowly obovate, 2.2-6.5 × 0.6-1.7 cm, attenuate-cuneate at base, rounded at apex, the very tip emarginate or entire, margin subrevolute, the blade subcoriaceous, shining, grayish-green, venation prominulous, costa plane above and prominent below. Inflorescences erect or spreading, to 8 mm long and wide, 1-5-flowered; peduncle to 1 mm long, side-branchlets (sub)opposite; bracts and bractlets ovate to triangular, ca. 0.5-1 mm long; pedicels to 2.5 mm long. Flowers 8-9.5 mm in diam., glabrous; sepals imbricate, overlapping at anthesis, nearly free or connate at base, very broadly ovate, 1-1.7 × 1.2-1.7 mm, the innermost two smaller than the others, rounded to obtuse at apex, coriaceous with papery margins, venation parallel, the nerves branching distally, with a dorsal false midrib; petals imbricate, reflexed, (broadly) elliptic, 3.5-4.7 × 2.5-3 mm, the innermost ones smaller than the others, obtuse to rounded at apex, subcoriaceous with papery margin, dark red, papillose above, venation parallel to actinodromous, the nerves somewhat branching distally; filaments persistent, seemingly inserted on the disc but actually completely surrounded at base by the disc, reflexed, 1 mm long and 0.20.3 mm thick, fleshy; anthers dorsifixed just below middle, versatile, very broadly heart-shaped, 0.7 × 0.7 mm including a mucro 0.05 mm; disc annular to cupshaped, equalling the carpels or lower, becoming 0.8 mm high and 2 mm in diam., fleshy towards tip, rose to dark purplish, smooth or with few protuberances ca. 0.3 mm long; carpels immersed in the receptacle with their lower half, 0.8 mm high including a trigonous apophysis 0.4 mm, the apophyses beset with ca. 3-4 protuberances 0.05-0.3 mm; ovules 2 per loculus; style persistent, inserted on the connate part of the carpels among the apophyses, ca. 0.9 mm long and 0.3 mm thick, projecting 0.3-0.6 mm beyond the apophyses at anthesis; stigma 4-lobed, 0.2-0.3 × 0.4 mm. Fruits 1 per infructescence, (3-)4-locular capsules, stellately-lobed, 0.8-1 × 1-1.2 cm, with glands, glabrous, the exocarp transversely nerved on both sides, the loculi ± obovate in outline, rounded at apex, with a dorsal apophysis 0.5-2 mm long, projecting downward just above the middle, dehiscent septicidally from base up to tip and loculicidally from apex up to the tips of the apophyses; seed 1 per loculus, ovoid, ca. 6 × 3.5 × 3.5 mm, flattened at base, curved at apex, irregularly wrinkled, finely reticulate-colliculate; hilum ca. 0.7 mm broad; embryo 1, cotyledons unequal with ears 0.2-0.3 mm, radicle conical, projecting beyond the ears.
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Distribution
Known only from the type locality. Frequently inundated river banks; alt. 100 m; collected in flower and in fruit in Oct.
Brazil South America| Santa Catarina Brazil South America|