Esenbeckia hieronymi Engl.
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Authority
Kaastra, Roelof C. 1982. A monograph of the Pilocarpinae (Rutaceae). Fl. Neotrop. Monogr. 33: 1-198. (Published by NYBG Press)
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Family
Rutaceae
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Scientific Name
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Type
Type. Ule 500, Brazil. Santa Catarina: Itajaí, Jan 1886, fl (holotype, B, destroyed, photo 12515 made by F, F, MO, NY; isotype, HBG).
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Description
Species Description - Treelet or shrub 2-5 m tall; branchlets 2-4 mm in diam., grayish-brown, the younger ones chestnut, sparingly minutely pubescent with appressed hairs to 0.2 mm long, becoming glabrous. Leaves (sub)opposite, 3-foliolate, petiolulate or not; petiole terete, canaliculate, slightly ribbed below the leaflets, 1.4-4.5 cm long, minutely pubescent with hairs to 0.1 mm long, provided with a short triangular appendage projecting beyond the very base of the terminal leaflet; petiolules terete, canaliculate, in terminal leaflets (0-)2-12 mm, in lateral ones (0-) 0.7-8 mm long; leaflet blades (narrowly) elliptic, the terminal one 5-12 × 2-4.3 cm, the lateral ones 4-8 × 1.5-3.1 cm, attenuate or obtuse at base, the lateral leaflets slightly unequal at base with the exmedial side broadest, (sometimes slightly) acuminate at apex with a blunt or acute tip up to 1 cm long, margin revolute, the blade chartaceous, dull green above, paler beneath, subglabrous; venation camptodromous to slightly brochidodromous, midvein impressed above. Inflorescences terminal, erect, paniculate, usually longer than the leaves, to 11 × 9 cm, many- but rather loosely flowered, minutely pubescent with hairs to 0.1 mm long, side-branchlets (sub)opposite, slender; bracts (very broadly) ovate, ± conduplicate, 1-2 x 0.7-1.8 mm, glabrous or with some short, silky hairs at base above, minutely pubescent below, with 3 parallel nerves branching from a common point just below the base, the median nerve distinctly thicker and surrounded near the tip above with glandular tissue; pedicels ca. 1 mm long; bractlets 2, (sub)opposite, sometimes subtending secondary pedicels. Flowers 2.5-5 mm in diam., protandrous; calyx lobes quincuncial, very broadly ovate to very broadly triangular, 0.7-1.1 × 1-1.5 mm, obtuse, coriaceous, with creamy margins when dried, with short silky hairs 0.05 mm long on both sides, parallel-nerved with a false midrib above; petals persistent, valvate to cochlear, erect, ovate, 1.8-2.5 × 1-1.4 mm, obtuse, soft-coriaceous with papery margins, white or creamy when fresh, brown with creamy margins when dried, glabrous above, minutely puberulous below with hyaline hairs 0.05-0.1 mm long, parallel-nerved, the median nerve very thick (often ±1/3 of the total breadth) and somewhat branching towards the tip; filaments persistent, partially adnate to the disc at base, subulate with flattened base, 1.2-1.4 mm long, glabrous; anthers dorsifixed 1/3-1/2 from the base, heart-shaped, ca. 0.6-0.7 × 0.4-0.5 mm, including a tip 0.05 mm; disc cupshaped, with 10 slight incurvations, 0.8-0.9 mm high and 0.1 mm thick at tip, as high as the ovary with its protuberances, 1.5-1.7 mm in diam., thinly coriaceous with thickened tip, glabrous; carpels adnate to the disc near base, free distally, 0.3-0.4 mm high, provided with glandular protuberances varying to 0.3 mm long and 0.1 mm in diam, and sparsely pilose with hairs to 0.1 mm long; style inserted 1/3 from base of the carpels, at last 0.7-0.9 mm long and 0.2 mm thick, glabrous; stigma capitate, 5-lobed, 0.2-0.3 × 0.3-0.4 mm. Fruits globose, 10-14 mm in diam., to 20 mm when dehisced, punctate with glands, the loculi trigonous with a dorsal apophysis 2/3 from base, muricate with irregularly pyramidal blunt prickles to 2 mm long beset with some hairs, dehiscent septicidally from base to tip but not up to the axis, the nerves of the exocarp visible externally on the sides; seeds mostly 2 per loculus, obliquely tear-shaped, 4.4-5.4 × 3.1-4 × 3.4-3.6 mm, the upper seed with flattened base, beaked at apex, testa dark brown, granulate, dull except for the granules, somewhat rugose; chalazal area roundish to elliptic, thickened, 1.5 × 1 mm, dark brown; hilum impressed; granular endosperm 0.1-0.2 mm thick; embryo 1, cotyledons unequal; radicle projecting beyond ears of cotyledons, recurved, and lying against them, 0.9-1 × 0.4-0.5 mm, plumule with 2 very small leaf primordia.
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Discussion
Vegetatively this species can be confused with Esenbeckia febrifuga and E. densiflora (see under E. febrifuga).
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Distribution
Brazil, Mato Grosso (1 collection), Paraná (1 collection), and Santa Catarina. Capoeira, restinga, and also on river banks; alt. 5-300 m. Flowering Jan-Apr, sometimes again in Jul; in Paraná: Dec.
Brazil South America| Mato Grosso Brazil South America| Paraná Brazil South America| Santa Catarina Brazil South America|