Jacaranda copaia subsp. spectabilis (Mart. ex A.DC.) A.H.Gentry

Authority

Gentry, Alwyn H. 1992. Bignoniaceae--part II (Tribe Tecomeae). Fl. Neotrop. Monogr. 25: 1-370. (Published by NYBG Press)

Family

Bignoniaceae

Scientific Name

Jacaranda copaia subsp. spectabilis (Mart. ex A.DC.) A.H.Gentry

Type

Type. Brazil. Amazonas: Rio Japura, Martius s.n. of 1819 (M).

Synonyms

Jacaranda spectabilis Mart. ex DC., Jacaranda copaia var. spectabilis (Mart. ex A.DC.) Bureau ex Bureau & K.Schum., Jacaranda copaia var. paraensis Huber, Jacaranda superba Pittier, Jacaranda paraensis (Huber) Vattimo, Jacaranda amazonensis Vattimo

Description

Subspecies Description - Tree to 45 m tall and 45 cm dbh, when young the trunk unbranched or branched at apex, the trunk frequently somewhat flattened, the bark rather smoothly fibrous-scaly, with small vertical fissures; branchlets lepidote, subtetragonal, drying dark, the pith rather large. Leaves bipinnate, 15-165 cm long, with 5-20 pinnae, each 5-25 cm long with the rachis essentially unwinged and with 5-25 sessile leaflets, these 1.5-8 cm long, 0.8-2.5 cm wide, asymmetrically rhomboid-elliptic, acute to acuminate, asymmetrically cuneate at base, membranaceous, lepidote, the midvein glabrescent to puberulous on both faces, drying dark above, olive below, the petiole and petiolules lepidote to subpuberulous as the principal and lateral rachis. Inflorescence a rather narrow terminal panicle, the branches lepidote and more or less puberulous. Flowers with the calyx cupular, more or less truncate with five unequal teeth, pubescent with simple or branched trichomes, 5-7 mm long, 3-5 mm wide, eglandular; corolla purplish-blue outside and on the lobes, the throat white inside, tubular-campanulate above a 7-10 mm long 3-4 mm wide basal constriction, 3.2-5 cm long, 1-2 cm wide at mouth, the tube 2.3-3.7 cm long, the lobes 0.5-1.4 cm long, densely puberulous outside with simple bifurcate and slightly dendroid trichomes, inside with dendroid pubescence, the tube glabrous adaxially, with pubescence of glandular trichomes at level of stamen insertion; stamens didynamous, monothecate, the theca 1.5-2 mm long, the staminode 2.4-2.7 cm long, bifurcate at apex, glandular-pubescent with long simple trichomes at apex and at center; pistil 1.5-1.8 cm long, the ovary flattened-cylindric, 2-2.5 mm long, 2-2.5 mm wide, 1.5 mm thick, the ovules more or less 8-seriate in each locule; disk pulvinate, 1 mm long, 2.5 mm wide. Fruit a flattened-oblong capsule, the margins straight, 6.2-12.7 cm long, 3.3-6 cm wide, lepidote to glabrous, drying black or blackish with lighter lenticels; seed body 3-5 mm long, 3-4 mm wide, the small body surrounded by suborbicular wing 1-2 cm long and 1.7-2.8 cm wide, the wing hyaline-membranaceous with darker radial striations, clearly demarcated from seed body.

Discussion

A very fast-growing, typical element of wet and moist forest second growth. Widely used for firewood and construction timber. In Amazonian Ecuador currently being promoted as the species with the most agroforestry potential (Peck, pers. comm.). In Maranhão the leaves are used against mosquitoes (Moses 12).

Common Names

cigarrillo, siete cueros, sule-grie, mallirokai, girasol, flor azul, wei-oima-yek, palo azul, uai-cuima-yek, puti, pata de garza, coupaya, copa la bois blanc, jaifi, taki-taki , basa gobaja, jasi man boon, gualandano, Gualanday, jacaranda, copa, quepapajin, kuiship, huilisha, huamansamana, huamanzamana, ishtapi, cakaska, caroba, curoba, caruba, marupauba, parapara, para-para, para’y

Distribution

Widespread in lowland moist and wet forest from Belize to Bolivia; 1-1200 m elevation.

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