Banisteriopsis andersonii B.Gates

  • Authority

    Gates, Bronwen. 1982. Banisteriopsis, Diplopterys (Malpighiaceae). Fl. Neotrop. Monogr. 30: 1-238. (Published by NYBG Press)

  • Family

    Malpighiaceae

  • Scientific Name

    Banisteriopsis andersonii B.Gates

  • Type

    Type. Anderson 8383, Brazil, Minas Gerais, Serra do Espinhaço, 10 km by road NE of Diamantina on road to Rio Jequití, fl fr (holotype, UB; isotypes, MICH, NY).

  • Description

    Latin Diagnosis - Suffrutex vel arbuscula gracilis usque 2 m alta, erecta salignaque. Rami juniores teretes, appresso-sericei, rami vetustiores glabrati, cortice rubiginoso vel fusco, lenticellis numerosis punctato. Stipulae minutae triangulares, utrinque appresso-sericeae. Folia erecta, opposita vel ternata, lamina 2.0-9.0(-13.0) cm longa, 0.2-1.0 cm lata, vel in inflorescentia minori, anguste elliptica vel lineari, basi truncata cordatave, apice acuta, margine revoluta, subtus basi prope costam 2 glandes peltatas gerenti, supra pubescenti mox glabrata, subtus glabra praeter costam (appresso-sericea ut in petiolo), venis primariis supra parum impressis, subtus prominulis vel prominentibus; petiolo 1.5-5.0 mm longo, appresso-sericeo, eglan-duloso. Inflorescentia rami terminans ex dichasiis composita, floribus in umbellis 4-floriferis fasciculatis, semel vel bis composita, appresso-sericea; bracteis brac-teolisque 1.7-2.0 mm longis, triangularibus, abaxialiter appresso-sericeis, adaxi-aliter glabris, persistentibus; pedicellis sessilibus, (9—) 13—20(—25) mm longis, 0.60.8 mm diametro, 0.5-0.6 mm sine indumento, appresso-sericeis. Sepala 5, abaxialiter sericea, adaxialiter basi minute pubescentia erecta, apice obtusa revolutave, 3.0-3.8 mm longa, 2.2-2.4 mm lata, sepala 4 lateralia glandes rosas 2.5-3.0 mm longas et 1.0-1.2 mm latas gerentia, glandes 1.2-1.5 mm superantia. Petala 5, rosea, aetate interdum albicantia, limbo orbiculari, margine laciniato, 4 lateralia inter sepala patentia, ungue 1.0-1.5 mm longo, 9.0-10.5 mm lato, eglanduloso, 2 an-terioribus quam 2 posterioribus concavioribus; petalum posticum ungue erecto 3.8-4.0 mm longo, usque 1.0 mm diametro, apice constricto, limbo 9.0-9.6 mm longo, 9.3-10.0 mm lato, retroflexo, piano convexove, laciniis basalibus dilatatis glandulosisque. Stamina 10, filamentis 2.5-4.0 mm longis, basaliter connatis, glabris; antherae loculis 0.9-1.4 mm longis, glabris, connectivis canarinis, petalis oppositis 0.3-0.6 mm longis, 0.4-0.6 mm latis, 0.1-0.4 mm profundis, solum connectivis petalis anterioribus oppositis leviter glandulosis, illis sepalis oppositis 0.7-1.4 mm longis, 0.5-1.0 mm latis, 0.4-1.3 mm profundis, dilatatis glandulosisque. Ovarium 0.9-1.0 mm altum, carpellis 3, uniovulatis, liberis, toro pyramidali adnatis, candido-sericeis. Styli 3, aequales, 3.0-3.4 mm longi, recti parallelique, versus apicem decrescentes, glabri, stigmatibus capitatis. Fructus ex 3 samaris (vel abortu 1-2) constans; samara carpophoro usque 3.5 mm longo, 0.4 mm lato, nuce ovoidea 7.5-8.0 mm alta, 4.0-5.0 mm longa, rugosa vel rarius muricata, appresso-sericea, ala (10—) 14—24 mm longa, (6—) 10—12 mm lata, pertinaciter appresso-sericea, cinereo-carmesina.

  • Discussion

    Collected in flower January to July, and in fruit February to July.

    This species is readily distinguished from B. angustifolia by its shorter, almost glabrous leaves which are held erect and not divaricate, its larger flowers with erect sepals, and its habit as a slender erect treelet. Although B. angustifolia will become quite large and woody in protected situations, its appearance is quite different, being spreading and bushy, unlike the willowy, wand-like habit of B. andersonii. I found a single plant, Anderson 11595, on a burnt and cut-over hillside which appears to be a hybrid between B. angustifolia and B. andersonii; it has leaves which are relatively short, sparsely pubescent abaxially, and which are held suberect. The plant had few flowers and was not setting fruit. I have seen no other individuals which could be described as hybrids.

    The Lützelburg specimen is unusual in its very long leaves (up to 13 cm), and its supposed location in Espírito Santo is unexpected. It is possible that the collection is from the Rio Doce farther inland in Minas Gerais.

    This species is named for Dr. William R. Anderson, foremost student of the Malpighiaceae today, whose help and encouragement made this treatment possible.

  • Distribution

    Mainly collected in rocky hillsides at 1100-1400 m in the Serra do Espinhaço, from Diamantina southward to the Serra do Cipó. One collection, Glaziou 18164, is supposed to be from Sabará, near Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, and Lutzelburg 7165 is supposedly from the Rio Doce in Espirito Santo.

    Brazil South America| Minas Gerais Brazil South America| Espirito Santo Brazil South America|