Casearia decandra Jacq.

  • Authority

    Sleumer, Hermann O. 1980. Flacourtiaceae. Fl. Neotrop. Monogr. 22: 1-499. (Published by NYBG Press)

  • Family

    Salicaceae

  • Scientific Name

    Casearia decandra Jacq.

  • Type

    Type. Jacquin Apr 1755, West Indies, Windward Islands, Martinique, in wooded mountains near Case Pilote, fl (holotype, BM). Matched by Hahn 372 from the same locality.

  • Synonyms

    Samyda parviflora Loefl., Samyda parviflora L., Casearia parviflora Jacq., Anavinga parvifolia Lam., Casearia parvifolia Willd., Samyda parvifolia Poir., Casearia adamantium Cambess., Casearia serrulata Sw., Casearia nitida (L.) Jacq., Casearia adstringens Mart., Casearia parvifolia var. microcarpa Eggers, Casearia samyda (C.F.Gaertn.) DC., Casearia ulmifolia Vahl ex Vent., Guidonia adstringens (Mart.) Baill., Samyda lancifolia Sessé & Moc., Guidonia parvifolia (Willd.) M.Gómez, Casearia parvifolia var. paraguariensis Briq., Casearia floribunda Briq., Casearia albicaulis Rusby, Casearia pavoniana Sleumer, Casearia reflexa Sleumer, Chaetocrater reflexum Ruiz & Pav.

  • Description

    Species Description - Shrub or small tree, sometimes up to 18.0 m tall; trunk up to 40.0 cm diam; bark gray or brownish. Branchlets slender, tips puberulous, older parts glabrescent and covered with brownish cork and elliptic to roundish, rather sparse lenticels. Leaves deciduous, elliptic-lanceolate to elliptic or ovate-elliptic, apex more or less long-acuminate, acutish, base slightly inequilateral, cuneate to rounded, initially membranous and becoming blackish in the dry state, when mature chartaceous to subcoriaceous and brownish when dry, a little shining above, usually glabrous on both faces, very rarely laxly pubescent beneath, laxly pellucid-punctate and -lineate, serrulate or serrate to crenate (0.3-1.0 mm), 3.0-9.0(-l 1.0, very rarely -17.0) cm long, 1.5-4.5(-6.0) cm broad, lateral nerves 4-6 (rarely -8) pairs, long curved-ascending, slightly prominent on both faces, reticulation of veins and veinlets slightly to obscurely raised on both faces; petiole 2.0-5.0(-10.0) mm long; stipules linear-subulate, subglabrous, 3.0-5.0 mm long, caducous. Fascicles usually at the defoliate nodes of annotinous shoots, appearing with or shortly before the new leaves, few- to many-flowered; basal bracts numerous, ovate, scarious, fuscous, subglabrous, 1.0(-1.5) mm long; pedicels articulate 1.0-2.0 mm above base, very slender below, thickened upwards, puberulous, 5.0-8.0(-10.0) mm long at anthesis, slightly accrescent (rarely to 1.8 cm) in fruit. Sepals 5, lanceolate-oblong, slightly connate below, white, cream or greenish, fragrant, gray- or yellowish-puberulous to almost -tomentellous on both faces, more densely so along the edge, ca 4.5 mm long, 2.0 mm broad, reflexed by early anthesis. Stamens 10, subequilong; filaments patently pubescent mainly below or glabrous, ca 3.0 mm long; anthers ellipsoid, eglandular, 0.5 mm long. Disk-lobes oblong-clavate, tomentose, ca 1.5 mm long. Ovary ovoid, tapering to the style (2.0 mm), laxly to subdensely hairy; stigma capitate. Capsule globose, 3-costulate, red to orange, often shining, glabrous or very laxly hairy, 8.0-10.0 (-12.0) mm diam, opening by 3 valves; pericarp thin-coriaceous (1.0 mm); seeds few to rather numerous, ovoid-compressed, 4.0-5.0 mm long; testa smooth.

    Distribution and Ecology - From Honduras to Panama, Antiilia, and southwards to Brazil (Rio Grande do Sul), N Uruguay (Rivera), N. Argentina (Misiones) and Paraguay-Bolivia); in wet maybe riverine forest, Araucaria-forest, restinga, dry forest and transition to savanna, secondary growth, even in pastures, locally common, from lowland to ca 1000 m alt.

  • Distribution

    Honduras Central America| Cortés Honduras Central America| Haiti South America| Dominican Republic South America| Puerto Rico South America| Virgin Islands South America| Saint Thomas Virgin Islands of the United States South America| Saint John Virgin Islands of the United States South America| Saint Croix Virgin Islands of the United States South America| St.Martin-St.Barthélémy South America| Saint Kitts and Nevis South America| Antigua and Barbuda South America| Montserrat South America| Guadeloupe South America| Dominica South America| Martinique South America| Saint Lucia South America| Saint Vincent and the Grenadines South America| Barbados South America| Grenada South America| Colombia South America| Magdalena Colombia South America| Venezuela South America| Falcón Venezuela South America| Lara Venezuela South America| Carabobo Venezuela South America| Aragua Venezuela South America| Miranda Venezuela South America| Guárico Venezuela South America| Sucre Venezuela South America| Nueva Esparta Venezuela South America| Delta Amacuro Venezuela South America| Bolívar Venezuela South America| Amazonas Venezuela South America| Trinidad and Tobago South America| Guyana South America| Suriname South America| French Guiana South America| Ecuador South America| Guayas Ecuador South America| Peru South America| Loreto Peru South America| Amazonas Peru South America| San Martín Peru South America| Huánuco Peru South America| Junín Peru South America| Brazil South America| Amazonas Brazil South America| Roraima Brazil South America| Pará Brazil South America| Maranhão Brazil South America| Pernambuco Brazil South America| Acre Brazil South America| Mato Grosso Brazil South America| Goiás Brazil South America| Distrito Federal Brazil South America| Bahia Brazil South America| Minas Gerais Brazil South America| São Paulo Brazil South America| Rio de Janeiro Brazil South America| Paraná Brazil South America| Santa Catarina Brazil South America| Rio Grande do Sul Brazil South America| Bolivia South America| Beni Bolivia South America| Santa Cruz Bolivia South America| Paraguay South America| Uruguay South America| Rivera Uruguay South America| Argentina South America| Misiones Argentina South America|