Guarea macrophylla subsp. pachycarpa (C.DC.) T.D.Penn.

  • Authority

    Pennington, Terence D. 1981. Meliaceae. Fl. Neotrop. Monogr. 28: 1-359, 418-449, 459-470. (Published by NYBG Press)

  • Family

    Meliaceae

  • Scientific Name

    Guarea macrophylla subsp. pachycarpa (C.DC.) T.D.Penn.

  • Type

    Type. Martius s.n., Brazil, Pará or Maranhão, fr (holotype, M).

  • Synonyms

    Guarea trichilioides var. pachycarpa L. & C.DC., Guarea rosea C.DC., Guarea paraensis C.DC., Guarea punctata C.DC., Guarea costulata C.DC., Guarea subsessiliflora C.DC., Guarea subsessiliflora var. polyphyllaria C.DC., Guarea guedesii C.DC., Guarea bangii Rusby, Guarea trichilioides var. pachycarpa L. & C.DC.

  • Description

    Species Description - Tree to 20 m high. The scented flowers are distinctive with a red calyx and the corolla varying from white to coral-pink. The mature capsule is deep red-purple. In Bahia there are two flowering seasons, in April-May and again in November, whereas elsewhere in its range the most frequent flowering records are from July to October. Tree to 20 m high. The scented flowers are distinctive with a red calyx and the corolla varying from white to coral-pink. The mature capsule is deep red-purple. In Bahia there are two flowering seasons, in April-May and again in November, whereas elsewhere in its range the most frequent flowering records are from July to October.

  • Discussion

    Relationships

    This subspecies extends into Amazonian Peru together with subspecies tuberculata and pendulispica, and its variation is complex. Because of the uniformity of floral and vegetative structure throughout these subspecies, one has to rely on the fruit to provide the diagnostic characters. Frequently the fruit is either unknown or poorly collected, so it is often difficult to place specimens with any certainty. It is quite possible that some included here under subsp. pachycarpa belong to other distinct species. A final account of the variation of Amazonian Guarea is still a long way off. Intermediates between subsp, pachycarpa and spicaeflora occur in Minas Gerais, Brazil (e.g. Mexia 4458) in an area which marks the southern limit of subsp, pachycarpa and the eastern limit of subsp, spicaeflora.

    Obs. Prance & Pennington 2078 (fl), Ducke 2253 (fr) are provisionally placed in this subspecies. Both collections are from a tree cultivated at the Museu Goeldi, Belem, Brazil, itself grown from seed brought from the R. Purus by J. Huber. They differ from other members of this subspecies by their 6-locular ovary, and uniformly uniovulate locules.

    Distribution and Ecology: Most of the collections of this widely distributed subspecies are from around the Amazon delta in Para and Amapa and from Cayenne, where it is a tree of lowland rain forest. It is also present in the coastal rain forests of Bahia and Espiríto Santo, Brazil. Records from central Amazonia are sparse but they become more frequent again in western Amazonia and in Amazonian Peru and Bolivia. In Bolivia it reaches 800 m altitude. It is recorded from both nonflooded and seasonally flooded forest, and it is the common varzea species of Guarea along the Javari River (Brazilian-Peruvian frontier).

  • Common Names

    Jatuauba, Bilheiro, Marinheiro

  • Distribution

    French Guiana South America| Ecuador South America| Napo Ecuador South America| Peru South America| Loreto Peru South America| Amazonas Peru South America| San Martín Peru South America| Junín Peru South America| Pará Brazil South America| Amapá Brazil South America| Acre Brazil South America| Amazonas Brazil South America| Bahia Brazil South America| Espirito Santo Brazil South America| Bolivia South America| La Paz Bolivia South America|