We are grateful to our home institutions —the New York Botanical Garden, the Federal University of Western Pará, the Botanical Garden of Rio de Janeiro, and the Museum Paraense Emílio Goeldi— for their ongoing support of our research in the Tapajós Basin. We thank the Brazilian National Council for Scientific and Technological Development (CNPq) and the Chico Mendes Institute (ICMBio) for granting permission for our research and collecting activities. We are also grateful to the wardens of Amazônia National Park (ANP) and Tapajós National Forest (TNF) and personnel of the ICMBio offices in Santarém and Itaituba for their generous logistical support of our fieldwork, and are indebted to numerous students, collaborators, and technicians (see participants) who have generously assisted in the field, herbarium and laboratory. Finally, we thank the National Geographic Society for a research grant to BMT that supported preliminary fieldwork in ANP and TNF in 2011 and the National Science Foundation for a “Biodiversity Inventories” grant (DEB1456232, PIs: BMT and VFM), which since 2015 has supported our ongoing work to build comprehensive inventories of the vascular plant floras of those two areas.