Monographs Details:
Authority:
Cowan, Richard S. 1967. Swartzia (Leguminosae, Caesalpinioideae Swartzieae). Fl. Neotrop. Monogr. 1: 3-228. (Published by NYBG Press)
Cowan, Richard S. 1967. Swartzia (Leguminosae, Caesalpinioideae Swartzieae). Fl. Neotrop. Monogr. 1: 3-228. (Published by NYBG Press)
Family:
Fabaceae
Fabaceae
Synonyms:
Swartzia dicarpa Moric. ex Meisn., Swartzia microstylis Benth., Tounatea dicarpa (Moric. ex Meisner) Taub., Tunatea dicarpa (Moric. ex Meisn.) Kuntze
Swartzia dicarpa Moric. ex Meisn., Swartzia microstylis Benth., Tounatea dicarpa (Moric. ex Meisner) Taub., Tunatea dicarpa (Moric. ex Meisn.) Kuntze
Description:
Description - Tree 5-30 m tall, the branchlets densely strigulose to pilosulose-strigulose, commonly glabrescent; stipules caducous to deciduous, linear-lanceolate, acute, 2.5-10.5 mm long, ca 1 mm wide, strigulose on both surfaces or glabrous on the inner; petioles terete, (2-)2.5-3(-4) cm long, sparingly to densely strigulose or pilosulose-strigulose, the rachis (2.5-)8-10(-13) cm long, somewhat marginate, stipellate at each pair of leaflets, sparingly to densely strigulose; leaflets (2-) 3- or 4-jugate, glabrous, chartaceous to coriaceous, the two surfaces strongly discolorous, usually drying black above and paler beneath, the petiolules 1 2( 2.5) mm long, strigulose, the blades of the lower two pairs often smaller, 4-8 cm long, 2.5-4.5 cm wide, the upper pairs larger, 5.5-12.5 cm long, 2.5-5.5 cm wide, the lateral leaflet blades ovate to ovate-lanceolate to ovate-elliptic, the terminal one elliptic or ovate-elliptic, the base of the blades obtuse, rounded or cordate, the apex acute to bluntly acute, the venation subobscure to prominulous, plane or impressed and pale-colored on the upper surface, plane to salient beneath; inflorescences axillary, racemose or panicled-racemose, (3.5-)6-28 cm long, the principal axes densely strigulose, the bracts caducous to persistent, broadly to narrowly ovate, acute, 1-2 mm long and wide, strigulose or pilosulose-strigulose externally, glabrous within except at the extreme base, the bracteoles arising near the apex or at least usually in the upper half of the pedicels, 1-2 mm long, 0.5-1 mm wide, subulate-lanceolate to triangular-ovate; pedicels (3-)4-6(-9) mm long, densely strigulose; buds globose to elliptic in outline, 5-6 mm diameter, densely strigulose; calyx segments usually 4, glabrous within, densely strigulose externally, caducous to deciduous; petal yellow (occasionally two, more or less equal, petals present), glabrous, the claw 2-4.5 mm long, the blade oblate to broadly ovate, 4-7 mm long, 4.5-5(-9) mm wide; larger stamens 2 or 3, the filaments (4-)5(-8) mm long, glabrous to sparingly villose or strigose or sparsely strigulose, the anthers oval to oblong, 1.5-2 mm long, 1 mm wide, the smaller stamens glabrous, the filaments 5.5-9 mm long, the pollen of all the stamens globose, 23.5-26 n diameter; gynoecium sericeous, bi-pistillate, the stigmas punctiform, the styles 0.6-1 mm long, the ovaries obovate or oval, 2.5-4 mm long, 1.5-2.5 mm wide, the gynophores 2-4 mm long; fruit yellow, minutely strigulose, 2.5-3.5 cm long, 1.5-2 cm diameter, obovate in outline, the stipe 3-4 mm long; seed 1 per fruit, 2.5-3 cm long, 1.2-1.5 cm wide, oval to elliptic in outline, the aril fimbriate, covering about half the seed.
Description - Tree 5-30 m tall, the branchlets densely strigulose to pilosulose-strigulose, commonly glabrescent; stipules caducous to deciduous, linear-lanceolate, acute, 2.5-10.5 mm long, ca 1 mm wide, strigulose on both surfaces or glabrous on the inner; petioles terete, (2-)2.5-3(-4) cm long, sparingly to densely strigulose or pilosulose-strigulose, the rachis (2.5-)8-10(-13) cm long, somewhat marginate, stipellate at each pair of leaflets, sparingly to densely strigulose; leaflets (2-) 3- or 4-jugate, glabrous, chartaceous to coriaceous, the two surfaces strongly discolorous, usually drying black above and paler beneath, the petiolules 1 2( 2.5) mm long, strigulose, the blades of the lower two pairs often smaller, 4-8 cm long, 2.5-4.5 cm wide, the upper pairs larger, 5.5-12.5 cm long, 2.5-5.5 cm wide, the lateral leaflet blades ovate to ovate-lanceolate to ovate-elliptic, the terminal one elliptic or ovate-elliptic, the base of the blades obtuse, rounded or cordate, the apex acute to bluntly acute, the venation subobscure to prominulous, plane or impressed and pale-colored on the upper surface, plane to salient beneath; inflorescences axillary, racemose or panicled-racemose, (3.5-)6-28 cm long, the principal axes densely strigulose, the bracts caducous to persistent, broadly to narrowly ovate, acute, 1-2 mm long and wide, strigulose or pilosulose-strigulose externally, glabrous within except at the extreme base, the bracteoles arising near the apex or at least usually in the upper half of the pedicels, 1-2 mm long, 0.5-1 mm wide, subulate-lanceolate to triangular-ovate; pedicels (3-)4-6(-9) mm long, densely strigulose; buds globose to elliptic in outline, 5-6 mm diameter, densely strigulose; calyx segments usually 4, glabrous within, densely strigulose externally, caducous to deciduous; petal yellow (occasionally two, more or less equal, petals present), glabrous, the claw 2-4.5 mm long, the blade oblate to broadly ovate, 4-7 mm long, 4.5-5(-9) mm wide; larger stamens 2 or 3, the filaments (4-)5(-8) mm long, glabrous to sparingly villose or strigose or sparsely strigulose, the anthers oval to oblong, 1.5-2 mm long, 1 mm wide, the smaller stamens glabrous, the filaments 5.5-9 mm long, the pollen of all the stamens globose, 23.5-26 n diameter; gynoecium sericeous, bi-pistillate, the stigmas punctiform, the styles 0.6-1 mm long, the ovaries obovate or oval, 2.5-4 mm long, 1.5-2.5 mm wide, the gynophores 2-4 mm long; fruit yellow, minutely strigulose, 2.5-3.5 cm long, 1.5-2 cm diameter, obovate in outline, the stipe 3-4 mm long; seed 1 per fruit, 2.5-3 cm long, 1.2-1.5 cm wide, oval to elliptic in outline, the aril fimbriate, covering about half the seed.
Discussion:
I am indebted to William T. Stearn for solving the riddle of which of the two names published in 1837 has priority. The occurrence of two petals in any species of the genus is rare, while two pistils per flower occur regularly in several species. However, in spite of the inappropriateness of the epithet, it must be adopted.Bentham described S. microstylis because his material did not match sufficiently well the descriptions of either S. dicarpa or S. dipetala, and he apparently had not seen type material of either species. There is no question that his species is synonymous.There is perhaps more relationship of S. dipetala to the S. benthamiana complex than to any other species group but the discolorous leaves and the bipistillate gynoecium separate S. dipetala from all relatives.
I am indebted to William T. Stearn for solving the riddle of which of the two names published in 1837 has priority. The occurrence of two petals in any species of the genus is rare, while two pistils per flower occur regularly in several species. However, in spite of the inappropriateness of the epithet, it must be adopted.Bentham described S. microstylis because his material did not match sufficiently well the descriptions of either S. dicarpa or S. dipetala, and he apparently had not seen type material of either species. There is no question that his species is synonymous.There is perhaps more relationship of S. dipetala to the S. benthamiana complex than to any other species group but the discolorous leaves and the bipistillate gynoecium separate S. dipetala from all relatives.
Distribution:
Venezuela South America| Bolívar Venezuela South America| Guyana South America| Rupununi Guyana South America| Brazil South America| Amazonas Brazil South America| Bahia Brazil South America|
Venezuela South America| Bolívar Venezuela South America| Guyana South America| Rupununi Guyana South America| Brazil South America| Amazonas Brazil South America| Bahia Brazil South America|
Common Names:
Takuba, pinto
Takuba, pinto