Taxon Details: Swartzia prancei Torke & Mansano
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Family:
Fabaceae (Magnoliophyta)
Fabaceae (Magnoliophyta)
Scientific Name:
Swartzia prancei Torke & Mansano
Swartzia prancei Torke & Mansano
Accepted Name:
This name is currently accepted.
This name is currently accepted.
Description:
Authors: Benjamin M. Torke and Vidal de Freitas Mansano
Type: Brazil. Mato Grosso: Mun. Aripuanã, near Humboldt Centre, on road to Rio Juruema, 10°12'S, 59°21'W, 8 Oct. 1973 (fl), G. T. Prance et al. 18233 (holotype: INPA-41538; isotypes: K, M, MO, NY, U, US).
Description: Small tree, reproductive when 3 m tall; youg branchlets glabrous to sparsely strigulose. Leaves imparipinnate, with (2–) 3 pairs of opposite to subopposite lateral leaflets, sometimes with the rachis and terminal leafet abortive; stipules c. 3.6–8.6 × 0.3–0.8 mm, filiform-lanceolate, glabrous, caducous; petioles 2–4.3 cm, glabrous to sparsely strigulose, pulvinus 3.8–6.8 mm; rachis 10–14 cm, terete to subterete, longitudinally bicarinate adaxially, unwinged, glabrous to sparsely strigulose; stipels unknown; petiolules 4.2–5.8 mm, glabrous to sparsely strigulose; leaflet blades 7.5–15 × 3.9–5.7 cm, chartaceous, obovate or elliptic, 2–3 × longer than wide, distal ones largest and most elongate, base acute to obtuse, apex caudo-acuminate, acumen 9–13 mm, rounded, briefly mucronate, adaxial surface glabrous, abaxial surface sparingly and minutely malpighio-strigulose, midrib depressed adaxially, other venation immersed to weakly raised adaxially, all venation salient abaxially, the secondary veins 8–12 on each side of midrib, most initially ascending at 22°–32°, progressively curving upward toward margin, forming loose submarginal loops in distal half of leaflet, with included intersecondary and tertiary veins more or less parallel to secondaries. Inflorescences simple racemes, borne from axils of coeval leaves or from defoliate portion of branchlets, sometimes 2–several-fascicled, to c. 25-flowered; axes (1–) 4–13 cm, fairly densely tawny-strigulose; bracts 3–6 × 1.8–3 mm, ovate to elliptic, abaxially concave, apically acute, basally truncate, glabrous adaxially, densely strigulose abaxially, often stipulate, with the stipules to 3.8 mm long, ovate, elliptic, or triangular, often basally fused to bract, sometimes vestigial as dentations on bract margin; pedicels 6–14.5 mm, dorso-ventrally compressed, densely tawny-strigulose; bracteoles 1.8–3.5 mm, inserted near middle of pedicel, lanceolate or oblanceolate, sometimes more or less spatulate, densely strigulose abaxially; flower buds 6–9.5 × 4.7–6.8 mm, ellipsoid, apically umbonate, densely tawny-strigulose. Calyx glabrous adaxially, densely strigulose abaxially; segments 3–4 in number, 3.5–6.5 mm wide, more or less elliptic, recurved. Corolla usually monopetalous, occasionally bipetalous; petal yellow, glabrous, claw c. 4.4–7.2 mm, limb c. 8.3–13 × 8.7–13 mm, broadly ovate to orbicular, truncate at base. Androecium glabrous, strongly zygomorphic, the stamens dimorphic, arragned in two groups; larger stamens 8–10 in number, filaments 13–16.5 mm, yellow, dorso-ventrally compressed, tapering apically, anthers 1.3–1.9 × 0.9–1.1 mm, elliptic in outline; smaller stamens c. 125, filaments 9–13 mm, yellow, terete to elliptic in cross-section, anthers 0.9–1.3 × 0.6–1 mm, elliptic to oblate-elliptic in outline. Gynoecium usually unicarpellate, occasionally with 2–3 free carpels, glabrous; stipe 8.5–9.5 mm, terete, basally and apically dilated; ovary c. 6.2–6.5 × 1.8–2.1 mm, inequilaterally arcuate-elliptic in outline, laterally compressed; ovules c. 8–9; style 1.7–2.8 mm, obliquely terminal, terete; stigma truncate. Fruits unknown.
Common names: No common names have been recorded.
Geographical distribution: Swartzia prancei is known from only four collections from the vicinity of the Dardanelos waterfall on the Aripuanã River in northwestern Mato Grosso.
Ecology: The species has been collected in well-drained terra firme rainforest on mixed sand and clay soils.
Phenology: Flowering specimens have been gathered in September and October.
Taxonomic notes: Swartzia prancei possesses the features of the core members of section Recurvae, including malpighian trichomes, bracteolate pedicels, a rounded to truncate-based petal limb, a unicarpellate gynoecium with the stipe longer than the ovary and a truncate to punctiform stigma. It may be most closely related to other multifoliolate species of the section that have a glabrous gynoecium and a yellow petal, such as S. recurva, S. discocarpa, S. krukovii, and S. cuspidata, but is unique among them in combining obovate distal leaflets with the midrib adaxially impressed, relatively large bracts and bracteoles and densely strigulose flower buds.
Uses: No uses have been recorded.
Etymology: The epithet honors the collector of the type specimen, Professor Sir Ghillean T. Prance, for his outstanding contributions to Amazonian botanical exploration.
Conservation status: Torke and Mansano (2013) assigned Swartzia prancei to the IUCN Red List category of Data Deficient (DD). The species is known from a very small geographical area, which has been recently altered by the construction of the Dardanelos Dam. It may be of conservation concern, but making a formal assessment as such is not advisable at present, since the surrounding region is among the most under-collected parts of the Brazilian Amazon.
Authors: Benjamin M. Torke and Vidal de Freitas Mansano
Type: Brazil. Mato Grosso: Mun. Aripuanã, near Humboldt Centre, on road to Rio Juruema, 10°12'S, 59°21'W, 8 Oct. 1973 (fl), G. T. Prance et al. 18233 (holotype: INPA-41538; isotypes: K, M, MO, NY, U, US).
Description: Small tree, reproductive when 3 m tall; youg branchlets glabrous to sparsely strigulose. Leaves imparipinnate, with (2–) 3 pairs of opposite to subopposite lateral leaflets, sometimes with the rachis and terminal leafet abortive; stipules c. 3.6–8.6 × 0.3–0.8 mm, filiform-lanceolate, glabrous, caducous; petioles 2–4.3 cm, glabrous to sparsely strigulose, pulvinus 3.8–6.8 mm; rachis 10–14 cm, terete to subterete, longitudinally bicarinate adaxially, unwinged, glabrous to sparsely strigulose; stipels unknown; petiolules 4.2–5.8 mm, glabrous to sparsely strigulose; leaflet blades 7.5–15 × 3.9–5.7 cm, chartaceous, obovate or elliptic, 2–3 × longer than wide, distal ones largest and most elongate, base acute to obtuse, apex caudo-acuminate, acumen 9–13 mm, rounded, briefly mucronate, adaxial surface glabrous, abaxial surface sparingly and minutely malpighio-strigulose, midrib depressed adaxially, other venation immersed to weakly raised adaxially, all venation salient abaxially, the secondary veins 8–12 on each side of midrib, most initially ascending at 22°–32°, progressively curving upward toward margin, forming loose submarginal loops in distal half of leaflet, with included intersecondary and tertiary veins more or less parallel to secondaries. Inflorescences simple racemes, borne from axils of coeval leaves or from defoliate portion of branchlets, sometimes 2–several-fascicled, to c. 25-flowered; axes (1–) 4–13 cm, fairly densely tawny-strigulose; bracts 3–6 × 1.8–3 mm, ovate to elliptic, abaxially concave, apically acute, basally truncate, glabrous adaxially, densely strigulose abaxially, often stipulate, with the stipules to 3.8 mm long, ovate, elliptic, or triangular, often basally fused to bract, sometimes vestigial as dentations on bract margin; pedicels 6–14.5 mm, dorso-ventrally compressed, densely tawny-strigulose; bracteoles 1.8–3.5 mm, inserted near middle of pedicel, lanceolate or oblanceolate, sometimes more or less spatulate, densely strigulose abaxially; flower buds 6–9.5 × 4.7–6.8 mm, ellipsoid, apically umbonate, densely tawny-strigulose. Calyx glabrous adaxially, densely strigulose abaxially; segments 3–4 in number, 3.5–6.5 mm wide, more or less elliptic, recurved. Corolla usually monopetalous, occasionally bipetalous; petal yellow, glabrous, claw c. 4.4–7.2 mm, limb c. 8.3–13 × 8.7–13 mm, broadly ovate to orbicular, truncate at base. Androecium glabrous, strongly zygomorphic, the stamens dimorphic, arragned in two groups; larger stamens 8–10 in number, filaments 13–16.5 mm, yellow, dorso-ventrally compressed, tapering apically, anthers 1.3–1.9 × 0.9–1.1 mm, elliptic in outline; smaller stamens c. 125, filaments 9–13 mm, yellow, terete to elliptic in cross-section, anthers 0.9–1.3 × 0.6–1 mm, elliptic to oblate-elliptic in outline. Gynoecium usually unicarpellate, occasionally with 2–3 free carpels, glabrous; stipe 8.5–9.5 mm, terete, basally and apically dilated; ovary c. 6.2–6.5 × 1.8–2.1 mm, inequilaterally arcuate-elliptic in outline, laterally compressed; ovules c. 8–9; style 1.7–2.8 mm, obliquely terminal, terete; stigma truncate. Fruits unknown.
Common names: No common names have been recorded.
Geographical distribution: Swartzia prancei is known from only four collections from the vicinity of the Dardanelos waterfall on the Aripuanã River in northwestern Mato Grosso.
Ecology: The species has been collected in well-drained terra firme rainforest on mixed sand and clay soils.
Phenology: Flowering specimens have been gathered in September and October.
Taxonomic notes: Swartzia prancei possesses the features of the core members of section Recurvae, including malpighian trichomes, bracteolate pedicels, a rounded to truncate-based petal limb, a unicarpellate gynoecium with the stipe longer than the ovary and a truncate to punctiform stigma. It may be most closely related to other multifoliolate species of the section that have a glabrous gynoecium and a yellow petal, such as S. recurva, S. discocarpa, S. krukovii, and S. cuspidata, but is unique among them in combining obovate distal leaflets with the midrib adaxially impressed, relatively large bracts and bracteoles and densely strigulose flower buds.
Uses: No uses have been recorded.
Etymology: The epithet honors the collector of the type specimen, Professor Sir Ghillean T. Prance, for his outstanding contributions to Amazonian botanical exploration.
Conservation status: Torke and Mansano (2013) assigned Swartzia prancei to the IUCN Red List category of Data Deficient (DD). The species is known from a very small geographical area, which has been recently altered by the construction of the Dardanelos Dam. It may be of conservation concern, but making a formal assessment as such is not advisable at present, since the surrounding region is among the most under-collected parts of the Brazilian Amazon.