Taxon Details: Miconia michelangeliana R.Goldenb. & L.Kollmann
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Narratives:
Family:
Melastomataceae (Magnoliophyta)
Melastomataceae (Magnoliophyta)
Scientific Name:
Miconia michelangeliana R.Goldenb. & L.Kollmann
Miconia michelangeliana R.Goldenb. & L.Kollmann
Primary Citation:
A new species of Miconia (Melastomataceae: Miconieae) from Espírito Santo, Brazil.
Blumea 55: 139-142. 2010
A new species of Miconia (Melastomataceae: Miconieae) from Espírito Santo, Brazil.
Blumea 55: 139-142. 2010
Accepted Name:
This name is currently accepted.
This name is currently accepted.
Description:
Description Author and Date: Renato Goldenberg, Oct. 2011, modified from the original description, Goldenberg, R. & L. J. Ch. Kollmann. 2010. Blumea 55(2): 139.
Type: Brazil, Espírito Santo, Município de Santa Teresa, Nova Lombardia, Terreno de J.V. Furlani, alt. 895m, 12 Mar. 2008 (fl., fr.), L. Kollmann 10743 (holotype: MBML; isotypes: CEPEC, NY, RB, UPCB).
Description: Tree 8-12 m. Branches glabrous, strongly decussate and 4-winged, internodes usually short and flattened but thick, 0.5-3 cm by 0.7-1.3 cm (at its apex) and 0.5-0.6 cm (at its base), 0.3-0.4 cm thick, with a thick interpetiolar ridge. Leaves glabrous, isophyllous or strongly anisophyllous in each pair; petioles 1.7-4 cm long, minutely sulcate. Blades 5.5-28 by 2-8 cm, elliptic-lanceolate to elliptic, sometimes slightly oblanceolate, apex rounded to obtuse, base acute to cuneate and very shortly decurrent, margins entire and revolute, coriaceous, slightly discolorous both in fresh and dried materials, both surfaces glabrous, shortly 3-plinerved, secondary veins free, diverging 1-6 mm from the base and running very close (1-4 mm) to the revolute margin; venation above with primary, secondary, transverse veins, and sometimes part of the reticulation impressed, below with primary, secondary, and transverse veins strongly prominent, the primary also minutely sulcate, reticulation sometimes barely visible, and sometimes slightly prominent, the areoles 0.5-2mm in diam. Panicles 14-18 by 3-4 cm, terminal, elongate, with 4 branchlets (2 accessories) per node; bracts 4-10 mm long, linear and soon caducous, bracteoles ca. 1 mm long, linear and early caducous; flowers 6-merous, arranged in dichasia with the central flower sessile, and lateral ones on short, 2-4 mm anthopodia. Hypanthium 8-10 mm long, narrowly campanulate (soon slightly urceolate, developing an apical constriction), with very thick walls, outside glabrous and green but with scattered white maculae (visible in fresh material), inside with a few glandular, slender trichomes 0.2-0.5mm long; torus thick, granulose-glandulose; calyx tube ca. 3 mm, persistent, essentially truncate but with abruptly acuminate, short teeth up to 0.2 mm long, or sometimes with 6 very short, wide, rather indistinct lobes up to 0.4 mm long; outer lobes apparently absent. Petals 6, 12-14 by 4.5-5.2 mm, white, oblong to oblanceolate, reflexed, margins entire, apex rounded and cuccullate, glabrous. Stamens 18-25, yellow, ranging in size (but with variation independent of their position in the flower), filaments 6-11 mm long, anthers 6-9 mm long, linear-subulate, ventrally arcuate, with a small apical pore, ca. 0.2 mm in diam.; connective not prolonged below the thecae, dorsally slightly thickened, not appendage or with two small dorsal teeth. Ovary 3.2-3.7 mm high, fused to the hypanthium for ½ of its length, 6-celled, with ca. 20 ovules in each cell, apex rounded, obscurely 5-costate, glabrous; style 16-18 mm long, sigmoidal, stigmatic region very small, punctiform. Fruits ca. 1.1 by 0.9 cm, green when unripe, dark blue when ripe, globose, with a persistent calyx and a succulent but rather hard hypanthium 1.1-2.4 mm thick; seeds many per fruit, 2.5-3 by 1-1.5 mm, narrowly pyramidate, raphal part ca. 2mm long and strongly carinate, sometimes with 1-3 additional longitudinal ridges, testa smooth.
Habitat and Distribution: At the moment, known only from the Municipality of Santa Teresa, state of Espírito Santo, Brazil, at 900–950 m elevation. Miconia michelangeliana has been collected in two neighboring localities, distant about 10 kilometers from each other. In both sites, the populations are small, with 10–20 individuals, and occur on the very top of the hills, in Montane Atlantic Forest. One of the populations is located inside an effective conservation unit (“Reserva Biológica Augusto Ruschi”), kept by the Brazilian Federal Government.
Phenology: Flowering: March; fruiting: from May to July.
Taxonomy and Systematics: Miconia michelangeliana can be recognized by its strongly winged branches, glabrous leaves, large flowers (hypanthium 10-11 mm long, petals 12-14 mm long), with 6 petals and 18-24 yellow stamens, and glabrous ovary apex. The thick hypanthium and the persistent, truncate to subtruncate calyx are also distinctive. This species could be placed in section Tamonea Cogn., which has been recognized based generally on the large flowers, but also on the long, subulate anthers, oblong to terete hypanthium and open, unruptured calyx, with a truncate tube or very small teeth (Triana 1871; Cogniaux 1891; Goldenberg 2000). Section Jucunda (Cham.) Triana has species that also bear these characters, except for the calyx with distinct triangular lobes, which are absent from section Tamonea. Despite the fact that the distinction between section Tamonea and Jucunda is not very clear (Gleason 1925, 1932; Goldenberg 2000), and that M. michelangeliana does not seem to have any morphological counterpart in these sections, its calyx shape unmistakably placed it in Tamonea. Species complexes of both sections that shared some characters with M. michelangeliana are discussed in the following. In section Tamonea from Eastern and Central Brazil, the species complex with M. dodecandra (Desr.) Cogn., M. mirabilis (Aubl.) L.O.Williams, M. rufipila Triana, and M. subcordata Cogn. (the last two probably synonyms of M. dodecandra) also has 6-merous flowers and stamens with glabrous filaments, but the branches are not winged, the leaves are densely covered by stellate trichomes in the adaxial surface, and the flowers are smaller, with broadly triangular inner calyx lobes (Cogniaux 1891; Wurdack 1973; Wurdack et al 1993; Martins et al. 1996; Goldenberg 2004). In section Jucunda, also from Eastern and Central Brazil, the complex comprising M. jucunda (DC.) Triana and M. staminea DC. has 5-merous flowers, with triangular calyx lobes that are caducous (Martins et al. 1996; Goldenberg 2004). Another complex in section Jucunda, composed of M. langsdorffii Cogn., M. riedelii Naudin ,and M. paucidens DC., has small, membranaceous and dentate leaves, 5-merous flowers with distinct external teeth on the calyx (Martins et al. 1996; Goldenberg 2004). A third complex, with M. holosericea (L.) DC. and M. francavillana Cogn. has densely pilose leaves and purple anthers (Wurdack 1973; Wurdack et al. 1993; Martins et al. 1996). Miconia amacurensis Wurdack has terete branches, smaller, diplostemonous flowers and a caducous calyx (Wurdack 1973; Wurdack et al 1993).
Etymology: This species is named after Dr. Fabián Michelangeli, from The New York Botanical Garden, who has been researching the phylogeny and taxonomy of Neotropical Melastomataceae.
Description Author and Date: Renato Goldenberg, Oct. 2011, modified from the original description, Goldenberg, R. & L. J. Ch. Kollmann. 2010. Blumea 55(2): 139.
Type: Brazil, Espírito Santo, Município de Santa Teresa, Nova Lombardia, Terreno de J.V. Furlani, alt. 895m, 12 Mar. 2008 (fl., fr.), L. Kollmann 10743 (holotype: MBML; isotypes: CEPEC, NY, RB, UPCB).
Description: Tree 8-12 m. Branches glabrous, strongly decussate and 4-winged, internodes usually short and flattened but thick, 0.5-3 cm by 0.7-1.3 cm (at its apex) and 0.5-0.6 cm (at its base), 0.3-0.4 cm thick, with a thick interpetiolar ridge. Leaves glabrous, isophyllous or strongly anisophyllous in each pair; petioles 1.7-4 cm long, minutely sulcate. Blades 5.5-28 by 2-8 cm, elliptic-lanceolate to elliptic, sometimes slightly oblanceolate, apex rounded to obtuse, base acute to cuneate and very shortly decurrent, margins entire and revolute, coriaceous, slightly discolorous both in fresh and dried materials, both surfaces glabrous, shortly 3-plinerved, secondary veins free, diverging 1-6 mm from the base and running very close (1-4 mm) to the revolute margin; venation above with primary, secondary, transverse veins, and sometimes part of the reticulation impressed, below with primary, secondary, and transverse veins strongly prominent, the primary also minutely sulcate, reticulation sometimes barely visible, and sometimes slightly prominent, the areoles 0.5-2mm in diam. Panicles 14-18 by 3-4 cm, terminal, elongate, with 4 branchlets (2 accessories) per node; bracts 4-10 mm long, linear and soon caducous, bracteoles ca. 1 mm long, linear and early caducous; flowers 6-merous, arranged in dichasia with the central flower sessile, and lateral ones on short, 2-4 mm anthopodia. Hypanthium 8-10 mm long, narrowly campanulate (soon slightly urceolate, developing an apical constriction), with very thick walls, outside glabrous and green but with scattered white maculae (visible in fresh material), inside with a few glandular, slender trichomes 0.2-0.5mm long; torus thick, granulose-glandulose; calyx tube ca. 3 mm, persistent, essentially truncate but with abruptly acuminate, short teeth up to 0.2 mm long, or sometimes with 6 very short, wide, rather indistinct lobes up to 0.4 mm long; outer lobes apparently absent. Petals 6, 12-14 by 4.5-5.2 mm, white, oblong to oblanceolate, reflexed, margins entire, apex rounded and cuccullate, glabrous. Stamens 18-25, yellow, ranging in size (but with variation independent of their position in the flower), filaments 6-11 mm long, anthers 6-9 mm long, linear-subulate, ventrally arcuate, with a small apical pore, ca. 0.2 mm in diam.; connective not prolonged below the thecae, dorsally slightly thickened, not appendage or with two small dorsal teeth. Ovary 3.2-3.7 mm high, fused to the hypanthium for ½ of its length, 6-celled, with ca. 20 ovules in each cell, apex rounded, obscurely 5-costate, glabrous; style 16-18 mm long, sigmoidal, stigmatic region very small, punctiform. Fruits ca. 1.1 by 0.9 cm, green when unripe, dark blue when ripe, globose, with a persistent calyx and a succulent but rather hard hypanthium 1.1-2.4 mm thick; seeds many per fruit, 2.5-3 by 1-1.5 mm, narrowly pyramidate, raphal part ca. 2mm long and strongly carinate, sometimes with 1-3 additional longitudinal ridges, testa smooth.
Habitat and Distribution: At the moment, known only from the Municipality of Santa Teresa, state of Espírito Santo, Brazil, at 900–950 m elevation. Miconia michelangeliana has been collected in two neighboring localities, distant about 10 kilometers from each other. In both sites, the populations are small, with 10–20 individuals, and occur on the very top of the hills, in Montane Atlantic Forest. One of the populations is located inside an effective conservation unit (“Reserva Biológica Augusto Ruschi”), kept by the Brazilian Federal Government.
Phenology: Flowering: March; fruiting: from May to July.
Taxonomy and Systematics: Miconia michelangeliana can be recognized by its strongly winged branches, glabrous leaves, large flowers (hypanthium 10-11 mm long, petals 12-14 mm long), with 6 petals and 18-24 yellow stamens, and glabrous ovary apex. The thick hypanthium and the persistent, truncate to subtruncate calyx are also distinctive. This species could be placed in section Tamonea Cogn., which has been recognized based generally on the large flowers, but also on the long, subulate anthers, oblong to terete hypanthium and open, unruptured calyx, with a truncate tube or very small teeth (Triana 1871; Cogniaux 1891; Goldenberg 2000). Section Jucunda (Cham.) Triana has species that also bear these characters, except for the calyx with distinct triangular lobes, which are absent from section Tamonea. Despite the fact that the distinction between section Tamonea and Jucunda is not very clear (Gleason 1925, 1932; Goldenberg 2000), and that M. michelangeliana does not seem to have any morphological counterpart in these sections, its calyx shape unmistakably placed it in Tamonea. Species complexes of both sections that shared some characters with M. michelangeliana are discussed in the following. In section Tamonea from Eastern and Central Brazil, the species complex with M. dodecandra (Desr.) Cogn., M. mirabilis (Aubl.) L.O.Williams, M. rufipila Triana, and M. subcordata Cogn. (the last two probably synonyms of M. dodecandra) also has 6-merous flowers and stamens with glabrous filaments, but the branches are not winged, the leaves are densely covered by stellate trichomes in the adaxial surface, and the flowers are smaller, with broadly triangular inner calyx lobes (Cogniaux 1891; Wurdack 1973; Wurdack et al 1993; Martins et al. 1996; Goldenberg 2004). In section Jucunda, also from Eastern and Central Brazil, the complex comprising M. jucunda (DC.) Triana and M. staminea DC. has 5-merous flowers, with triangular calyx lobes that are caducous (Martins et al. 1996; Goldenberg 2004). Another complex in section Jucunda, composed of M. langsdorffii Cogn., M. riedelii Naudin ,and M. paucidens DC., has small, membranaceous and dentate leaves, 5-merous flowers with distinct external teeth on the calyx (Martins et al. 1996; Goldenberg 2004). A third complex, with M. holosericea (L.) DC. and M. francavillana Cogn. has densely pilose leaves and purple anthers (Wurdack 1973; Wurdack et al. 1993; Martins et al. 1996). Miconia amacurensis Wurdack has terete branches, smaller, diplostemonous flowers and a caducous calyx (Wurdack 1973; Wurdack et al 1993).
Etymology: This species is named after Dr. Fabián Michelangeli, from The New York Botanical Garden, who has been researching the phylogeny and taxonomy of Neotropical Melastomataceae.
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